Essipit, Quebec

Essipit
—  Indian reserve  —
Essipit
Coordinates: 48°20′N 69°24′W / 48.333°N 69.4°W / 48.333; -69.4Coordinates: 48°20′N 69°24′W / 48.333°N 69.4°W / 48.333; -69.4
Country	Canada
Province	Quebec
Region	Côte-Nord
Regional county	None
Settled
Formed	1892 (reserve)
Government[1][2]
– Chief	Denis Ross
– Federal riding	Montmorency—Charlevoix—Haute-Côte-Nord
– Prov. riding	René-Lévesque
Area[3]
– Land	1.10 km2 (0.4 sq mi)
Population (2006)[3]
– Total	247
– Density	224.2/km2 (580.7/sq mi)
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
– Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
Postal Code	G0T 1K0
Area code(s)	418 and 581
Website	www.innu-essipit.com

Essipit (known as Les Escoumins until 1996) is an Innu Indian reserve and community in the Canadian province of Quebec, located on the north shore of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence in the Côte-Nord region. It belongs to the Innue Essipit First Nation.

The reserve is named after the historical name of the Escoumins River, that around 1664, was known as Esseigiou. Charles Arnaud, who spent many years of his life among the Montagnais stated that the river was also called Etshipi, meaning "river of shells".^[4]

History

The Montagnais have frequented the place for thousands of years, gathering berries that covered the rocks and adorned the mossy plains in the spring. The Jesuit Relations reported on the presence of "Excomminquois" in the region since 1611. It presented them however as an enemy nation of the French and distinguished them from the Montagnais of the region who were recognized as friends. It is assumed that they likely were Mi'kmaq tribes that from the middle of the 16th century onwards sporadically left their territory around Chaleur Bay and visited the North Shore of the Saint Lawrence Gulf.^[4]

In 1863, about 40 Montagnais people were counted at the Mission of Escoumins. In 1881, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs appointed surveyor Elzéar Boivin to delineate the land occupied by them. On July 23, 1892, the Government of Canada purchased the land and the Réserve indienne des Escoumins (Escoumins Indian Reserve) was formed.^[4][5]

In 1994, the reserve changed its name to Communauté montagnaise Essipit, made official by Commission de toponymie du Québec on June 7, 1996. On August 7, 2003, the name was changed again, and it is now known as Innue Essipit.^[4][5]

Demographics

Reserve population trend:^[6]

• Population in 2006: 247 (2001 to 2006 population change: -4.3 %)
• Population in 2001: 258
• Population in 1996: 252
• Population in 1991: 238

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents: 105 (total dwellings: 107)

The total population of the Essipit First Nation is 429, with only 176 band members living on the reserve.^[2]

References

1. ^ Ministère des Affaires Municipales, Régions et Occupation du territoire - Répertoire des municipalités: Essipit
2. ^ ^{a b} "Essipit First Nation". Aboriginal Community profiles. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/ai/scr/qc/aqc/prof/Essipit-eng.asp. Retrieved 2010-06-15. 
3. ^ ^{a b} Statistics Canada 2006 Census - Essipit community profile
4. ^ ^{a b c d} "Essipit (Réserve indienne)" (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec. http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/ToposWeb/fiche.aspx?no_seq=276301. Retrieved 2010-06-15. 
5. ^ ^{a b} Natural Resources Canada - Legal Surveys Division, Historical Review - Innue Essipit
6. ^ Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006 census

External links

• Conseil Tribal Mamuitun - Essipit