GNL3

Guanine nucleotide binding protein-like 3 (nucleolar)
Identifiers
Symbols	GNL3; C77032; E2IG3; MGC800; NS
External IDs	OMIM: 608011 MGI: 1353651 HomoloGene: 56670 GeneCards: GNL3 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • nucleotide binding • protein binding • GTP binding • GTP binding Cellular component • intracellular • nucleus • nucleoplasm • nucleolus • nucleolus Biological process • regulation of cell proliferation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	26354	30877
Ensembl	ENSG00000163938	ENSMUSG00000042354
UniProt	Q9BVP2	Q3TK27
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_014366.4	NM_153547.5
RefSeq (protein)	NP_055181.3	NP_705775.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 3: 52.72 – 52.73 Mb	Chr 14: 31.83 – 31.83 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein-like 3 also known as nucleostemin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNL3 gene.^[1][2][3] It is found within the nucleolus that binds p53.^[4] Nucleostemin regulates the cell cycle and affects cell differentiation, decreasing in amount as this differentiation progresses.^[4] It is a marker for many stem cells and cancer cells.^[5]

Interactions

GNL3 has been shown to interact with Mdm2^[6] and P53.^[2]

References

1. ^ Charpentier AH, Bednarek AK, Daniel RL, Hawkins KA, Laflin KJ, Gaddis S, MacLeod MC, Aldaz CM (Nov 2000). "Effects of estrogen on global gene expression: identification of novel targets of estrogen action". Cancer Res 60 (21): 5977–83. PMID 11085516. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Tsai RY, McKay RD (Dec 2002). "A nucleolar mechanism controlling cell proliferation in stem cells and cancer cells". Genes Dev 16 (23): 2991–3003. doi:10.1101/gad.55671. PMC 187487. PMID 12464630. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=187487. 
3. ^ "Entrez Gene: GNL3 guanine nucleotide binding protein-like 3 (nucleolar)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=26354. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Ross, Michael H.; Pawlina, Wojciech. (2011). Histology : a text and atlas : with correlated cell and molecular biolog. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams Wilkins Health. pp. 79. ISBN 0781772001. 
5. ^ Niall M. Adams (29 November 2010). Advances in Nuclear Architecture. Springer. p. 31. ISBN 978-90-481-9898-6. http://books.google.com/books?id=dpceD8fZ1B0C&pg=PA31. Retrieved 27 September 2011. 
6. ^ Dai, Mu-Shui; Sun Xiao-Xin, Lu Hua (Jul. 2008). "Aberrant expression of nucleostemin activates p53 and induces cell cycle arrest via inhibition of MDM2". Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 28 (13): 4365–76. doi:10.1128/MCB.01662-07. PMC 2447154. PMID 18426907. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2447154. 

Further reading

• Andersen JS, Lyon CE, Fox AH, et al. (2002). "Directed proteomic analysis of the human nucleolus.". Curr. Biol. 12 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00650-9. PMID 11790298. 
• Scherl A, Couté Y, Déon C, et al. (2003). "Functional proteomic analysis of human nucleolus.". Mol. Biol. Cell 13 (11): 4100–9. doi:10.1091/mbc.E02-05-0271. PMC 133617. PMID 12429849. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=133617. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Schwartz PH, Bryant PJ, Fuja TJ, et al. (2004). "Isolation and characterization of neural progenitor cells from post-mortem human cortex.". J. Neurosci. Res. 74 (6): 838–51. doi:10.1002/jnr.10854. PMID 14648588. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Liu SJ, Cai ZW, Liu YJ, et al. (2004). "Role of nucleostemin in growth regulation of gastric cancer, liver cancer and other malignancies.". World J. Gastroenterol. 10 (9): 1246–9. PMID 15112336. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Sijin L, Ziwei C, Yajun L, et al. (2005). "The effect of knocking-down nucleostemin gene expression on the in vitro proliferation and in vivo tumorigenesis of HeLa cells.". J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 23 (3): 529–38. PMID 15595646. 
• Tsai RY, McKay RD (2005). "A multistep, GTP-driven mechanism controlling the dynamic cycling of nucleostemin.". J. Cell Biol. 168 (2): 179–84. doi:10.1083/jcb.200409053. PMC 2171593. PMID 15657390. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2171593. 
• Politz JC, Polena I, Trask I, et al. (2005). "A nonribosomal landscape in the nucleolus revealed by the stem cell protein nucleostemin.". Mol. Biol. Cell 16 (7): 3401–10. doi:10.1091/mbc.E05-02-0106. PMC 1165421. PMID 15857956. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1165421. 
• Han C, Zhang X, Xu W, et al. (2005). "Cloning of the nucleostemin gene and its function in transforming human embryonic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into F6 tumor cells.". Int. J. Mol. Med. 16 (2): 205–13. PMID 16012751. 
• Yang HX, Jin GL, Meng L, et al. (2005). "Screening and identification of proteins interacting with nucleostemin.". World J. Gastroenterol. 11 (31): 4812–4. PMID 16097049. 
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network.". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. 
• Kafienah W, Mistry S, Williams C, Hollander AP (2006). "Nucleostemin is a marker of proliferating stromal stem cells in adult human bone marrow.". Stem Cells 24 (4): 1113–20. doi:10.1634/stemcells.2005-0416. PMID 16282439. 
• Fan Y, Liu Z, Zhao S, et al. (2006). "Nucleostemin mRNA is expressed in both normal and malignant renal tissues.". Br. J. Cancer 94 (11): 1658–62. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603145. PMC 2361296. PMID 16670719. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2361296. 
• Lacina L, Smetana K, Dvoránková B, et al. (2006). "Immunocyto- and histochemical profiling of nucleostemin expression: marker of epidermal stem cells?". J. Dermatol. Sci. 44 (2): 73–80. doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.08.008. PMID 17000083. 
• Zhu Q, Yasumoto H, Tsai RY (2007). "Nucleostemin delays cellular senescence and negatively regulates TRF1 protein stability.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 26 (24): 9279–90. doi:10.1128/MCB.00724-06. PMC 1698521. PMID 17000763. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1698521. 
• Liu SJ, Zhang ZH, Zhang DQ, et al. (2007). "Gene profiling after knocking-down expression of nucleostemin in Hela cells using oligonucleotide DNA microarray.". J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 25 (4): 575–83. PMID 17310849.