Dopachrome tautomerase

Dopachrome tautomerase (dopachrome delta-isomerase, tyrosine-related protein 2)
Identifiers
Symbols	DCT; TRP-2; TYRP2
External IDs	OMIM: 191275 MGI: 102563 HomoloGene: 1447 GeneCards: DCT Gene
EC number	5.3.3.12
Gene Ontology Molecular function • dopachrome isomerase activity • copper ion binding • oxidoreductase activity • isomerase activity • metal ion binding Cellular component • microsome • cytosol • membrane • integral to membrane • melanosome membrane • melanosome Biological process • melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine • epidermis development Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1638	13190
Ensembl	ENSG00000080166	ENSMUSG00000022129
UniProt	P40126	Q6NXI2
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001129889.1	NM_010024.3
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001123361.1	NP_034154.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 13: 95.09 – 95.13 Mb	Chr 14: 118.41 – 118.45 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Dopachrome tautomerase (dopachrome delta-isomerase, tyrosine-related protein 2), also known as DCT, is a human gene^[1]. Its expression is regulated by the Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor^[2][3].

References

1. ^ "Entrez Gene: DCT dopachrome tautomerase (dopachrome delta-isomerase, tyrosine-related protein 2)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1638. 
2. ^ Yasumoto K, Takeda K, Saito H, et al. (2002). "Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor interacts with LEF-1, a mediator of Wnt signaling". EMBO J. 21 (11): 2703–14. doi:10.1093/emboj/21.11.2703. PMC 126018. PMID 12032083. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=126018. 
3. ^ Hoek KS, Schlegel NC, Eichhoff OM, et al. (2008). "Novel MITF targets identified using a two-step DNA microarray strategy". Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 21 (6): 665–76. doi:10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00505.x. PMID 19067971. 

Further reading

• Jackson IJ, Chambers DM, Tsukamoto K, et al. (1992). "A second tyrosinase-related protein, TRP-2, maps to and is mutated at the mouse slaty locus". EMBO J. 11 (2): 527–35. PMC 556483. PMID 1537334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=556483. 
• Tobin D, Quinn AG, Ito S, Thody AJ (1995). "The presence of tyrosinase and related proteins in human epidermis and their relationship to melanin type". Pigment Cell Res. 7 (4): 204–9. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0749.1994.tb00050.x. PMID 7855064. 
• Bernd A, Ramirez-Bosca A, Kippenberger S, et al. (1995). "Levels of dopachrome tautomerase in human melanocytes cultured in vitro". Melanoma Res. 4 (5): 287–91. doi:10.1097/00008390-199410000-00003. PMID 7858411. 
• Yokoyama K, Yasumoto K, Suzuki H, Shibahara S (1994). "Cloning of the human DOPAchrome tautomerase/tyrosinase-related protein 2 gene and identification of two regulatory regions required for its pigment cell-specific expression". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (43): 27080–7. PMID 7929451. 
• Orlow SJ, Zhou BK, Chakraborty AK, et al. (1994). "High-molecular-weight forms of tyrosinase and the tyrosinase-related proteins: evidence for a melanogenic complex". J. Invest. Dermatol. 103 (2): 196–201. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12392743. PMID 8040609. 
• Sturm RA, Baker E, Sutherland GR (1994). "Assignment of the tyrosinase-related protein-2 gene (TYRP2) to human chromosome 13q31-q32 by fluorescence in situ hybridization: extended synteny with mouse chromosome 14". Genomics 21 (1): 293–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1266. PMID 8088811. 
• Abdel-Malek Z, Swope V, Collins C, et al. (1994). "Contribution of melanogenic proteins to the heterogeneous pigmentation of human melanocytes". J. Cell. Sci. 106 ( Pt 4): 1323–31. PMID 8126111. 
• Yokoyama K, Suzuki H, Yasumoto K, et al. (1994). "Molecular cloning and functional analysis of a cDNA coding for human DOPAchrome tautomerase/tyrosinase-related protein-2". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1217 (3): 317–21. PMID 8148378. 
• Cassady JL, Sturm RA (1994). "Sequence of the human dopachrome tautomerase-encoding TRP-2 cDNA". Gene 143 (2): 295–8. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90114-7. PMID 8206391. 
• Odh G, Hindemith A, Rosengren AM, et al. (1994). "Isolation of a new tautomerase monitored by the conversion of D-dopachrome to 5,6-dihydroxyindole". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197 (2): 619–24. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1993.2524. PMID 8267597. 
• Bouchard B, Del Marmol V, Jackson IJ, et al. (1994). "Molecular characterization of a human tyrosinase-related-protein-2 cDNA. Patterns of expression in melanocytic cells". Eur. J. Biochem. 219 (1–2): 127–34. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19922.x. PMID 8306979. 
• Sturm RA, O'Sullivan BJ, Box NF, et al. (1996). "Chromosomal structure of the human TYRP1 and TYRP2 loci and comparison of the tyrosinase-related protein gene family". Genomics 29 (1): 24–34. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1211. PMID 8530077. 
• Björk P, Aman P, Hindemith A, et al. (1996). "A new enzyme activity in human blood cells and isolation of the responsible protein (D-dopachrome tautomerase) from erythrocytes". Eur. J. Haematol. 57 (3): 254–6. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1996.tb01372.x. PMID 8898931. 
• Smith-Thomas L, Richardson P, Thody AJ, et al. (1997). "Human ocular melanocytes and retinal pigment epithelial cells differ in their melanogenic properties in vivo and in vitro". Curr. Eye Res. 15 (11): 1079–91. doi:10.3109/02713689608995139. PMID 8950502. 
• Wang RF, Appella E, Kawakami Y, et al. (1997). "Identification of TRP-2 as a Human Tumor Antigen Recognized by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes". J. Exp. Med. 184 (6): 2207–16. doi:10.1084/jem.184.6.2207. PMC 2211562. PMID 8976176. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2211562. 
• Chi DD, Merchant RE, Rand R, et al. (1997). "Molecular detection of tumor-associated antigens shared by human cutaneous melanomas and gliomas". Am. J. Pathol. 150 (6): 2143–52. PMC 1858329. PMID 9176405. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1858329. 
• Sugimoto H, Taniguchi M, Nakagawa A, et al. (1997). "Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of human D-dopachrome tautomerase". J. Struct. Biol. 120 (1): 105–8. doi:10.1006/jsbi.1997.3904. PMID 9356298. 
• Nishihira J, Fujinaga M, Kuriyama T, et al. (1998). "Molecular cloning of human D-dopachrome tautomerase cDNA: N-terminal proline is essential for enzyme activation". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 243 (2): 538–44. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8123. PMID 9480844. 
• Kippenberger S, Loitsch S, Solano F, et al. (1998). "Quantification of tyrosinase, TRP-1, and Trp-2 transcripts in human melanocytes by reverse transcriptase-competitive multiplex PCR--regulation by steroid hormones". J. Invest. Dermatol. 110 (4): 364–7. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00144.x. PMID 9540976. 
• Lupetti R, Pisarra P, Verrecchia A, et al. (1998). "Translation of a Retained Intron in Tyrosinase-related Protein (TRP) 2 mRNA Generates a New Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL)-defined and Shared Human Melanoma Antigen Not Expressed in Normal Cells of the Melanocytic Lineage". J. Exp. Med. 188 (6): 1005–16. doi:10.1084/jem.188.6.1005. PMC 2212536. PMID 9743519. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2212536.