Tuoba

Tuoba

Tuoba, or Tabgach, were a clan of Xianbei people of ancient China.

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Xianbei Tuoba

Tuoba (Chinese: 拓拔; pinyin: Tuòbá; Wade–Giles: T'o-pa) was a clan of the Xianbei people in the early centuries of the 1st millennium AD. They established the State of Dai from 310 to 376 AD, and the Northern Wei Dynasty from 386 to 536 AD. Distribution of Xianbei people ranged from present day Manchuria to Mongolia, and the Tuoba clan was one of the largest clans among western Xianbei clans, ranging from present day Shanxi province and westward and northwestward. Tuoba clan was awarded by Chinese rulers as the leader of western Xianbei clans (西部大人) and its people adopted their clan name as their surname.

Tabgach is the name (as attested to in the Orhun inscriptions in the Göktürk language), and most likely meant "earth-origined" (as in toprak), or "round" (as in Topkapi) in Turkish[dubious – discuss]. The Chinese surname Yuan was later adopted by the Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei to replace Tuoba, and approximates the meanings of "origin" or "round" in the Chinese language.

The Tuoba states of Dai[1] and Northern Wei also claimed to possess the quality of earth in the Chinese five element analogy.

Chieftains of Tuoba Clan 219-377 (as Princes of Dai 315-377)

Posthumous name Full name Period of Reign Other
神元 Shényuán 拓拔力微 Tuòbá Lìwéi 219-277 Temple Name: 始祖 Shízǔ
章 Zhāng 拓拔悉鹿 Tuòbá Xīlù 277-286
平 Píng 拓拔綽 Tuòbá Chuò 286-293
思 Sī 拓拔弗 Tuòbá Fú 293-294
昭 Zhāo 拓拔祿官 Tuòbá Lùguān 294-307
桓 Huán 拓拔猗㐌 Tuòbá Yītuō 295-305
穆 Mù 拓拔猗盧 Tuòbá Yīlú 295-316
None 拓拔普根 Tuòbá Pǔgēn 316
None 拓拔 Tuòbá[2] 316
平文 Píngwén 拓跋鬱律 Tuòbá Yùlǜ 316-321
惠 Huì 拓拔賀傉 Tuòbá Hèrǔ 321-325
煬 Yáng 拓拔紇那 Tuòbá Hénǎ 325-329 and 335-337
烈 Liè 拓拔翳槐 Tuòbá Yìhuaí 329-335 and 337-338
昭成 Zhaōchéng 拓拔什翼健 Tuòbá Shíyìjiàn 338-377 Era name: 建國 Jiànguó

Tangut Tuoba

Tuoba is also the ruling clan of Western Xia Kingdom, but the king adopted the Chinese-style name Li. Tuoba Sigong, or Li Sigong is an ancestor of Li Yuanhao, the first king of Western Xia Kingdom.


The Tuoba Family was the ruling family of Northern Wei Dynasty, founded by Tuoba Gui, then Emperor Daowu. Hence the rulers of Northern Wei Dynasty will start with him, not as a continuation of this table.

Upon the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei, the Tuoba clan started the Sinicisation process by changing their clan name to the Han Chinese surname Yuan (元).


See also

References

  1. ^ All chieftains were revered as emperors in Weishu and Beishi but they never were in reality. They were denoted here as Wang (Chinese: 王; pinyin: Wáng; literally "King or Prince"), which was inherited by all successors of Tuoba Yilu.
  2. ^ No known given name survives.
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  • Tuoba — (拓拔; pinyin Tuòbá) o T o pa en Wade Giles fue un clan de los Xianbei en Mongolia y Manchuria en los primeros siglos del I milenio a. C. Algunos investigadores los relacionan étnicamente con los mongoles. Jefes del Clan Tuoba ¹ 219 377… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Tuoba Yu — (拓拔余) (d. 452), formally Prince Yin of Nan an (南安隱王), was briefly an emperor of the Chinese/Xianbei dynasty Northern Wei. He was placed on the throne by the eunuch Zong Ai after Zong assassinated his father Emperor Taiwu in spring 452, and Zong… …   Wikipedia

  • Tuoba Fu — ( zh. 拓跋弗; pinyin: Tuòbá Fú) (? 294), chieftain of the Tuoba (293 294). He was the son of Tuoba Shamohan (拓跋沙漠汗) and the brother of Tuoba Yituo and Tuoba Yilu. In 293, he succeeded Tuoba Chuo as the chieftain of the Tuoba. His predecessor was his …   Wikipedia

  • Tuoba — Die Tabgatsch (Eigenbezeichnung: Tabgaç, in chinesischen Quellen: T o pa, in byzantinischen Quellen: Taugast) waren eine der bedeutendsten Stammeskonföderationen, die nach dem Zusammenbruch des Xiongnu Reiches entstanden waren. Um 260 gelangten… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Tuoba Huang — (拓拔晃) (428 July 29, 451 [ [http://www.sinica.edu.tw/ftms bin/kiwi1/luso.sh?lstype=2 dyna=%ABe%A7%BA king=%A4%E5%AB%D2 reign=%A4%B8%B9%C5 yy=28 ycanzi= mm=6 dd= dcanzi=%A5%B3%A8%B0 兩千年中西曆轉換 ] ] ), formally Crown Prince Jingmu (景穆太子) (literally the …   Wikipedia

  • Tuoba Yilu — ( zh. 拓跋猗盧; pinyin: Tuòbá Yīlú) (? 316) was the chieftain of the western Tuoba territory from 295 307, supreme chieftain of the Tuoba from 307 316, Duke of Dai from 310 315, first prince of the Tuoba Dai from 315 316. He is the son of Tuoba… …   Wikipedia

  • Tuoba Shiyijian — (zh cp|c=拓跋什翼犍|p=Tuòbá Shíyìjiàn) (320 376) was the last prince of the Tuoba Dai and ruled from 338 to 376 when Dai was conquered by the Former Qin. He was the son of Tuoba Yulü (拓跋鬱律) and the younger brother of Tuoba Yihuai (拓跋翳槐), whom he… …   Wikipedia

  • Tuoba Pugen — ( zh. 拓跋普根; pinyin: Tuòbá Pǔgēn) (? 316) was the chieftain of the central Tuoba territory from 305 to 316, and in 316 ruled as prince of the Tuoba Dai as the supreme chieftain of the Tuoba clan. He was the son of Tuoba Yituo, and the brother of… …   Wikipedia

  • Tuoba Yituo — (Chinese: 拓跋猗㐌(拖 without 手); pinyin: Tuòbá Yītuō) (? 305) was the chieftain of the central Tuoba territory from 295 305. He is the son of Tuoba Shamohan (拓跋沙漠汗) and the brother of Tuoba Yilu and Tuoba Fu.In 295, Tuoba Luguan the chieftain of the… …   Wikipedia

  • Tuoba Luguan — ( zh. 拓跋祿官; pinyin: Tuòbá Lùguān) (? 307), chieftain of the Tuoba, from 294 307.He is son of Tuoba Liwei, the brother of Tuoba Shamohan, Tuoba Xilu, Tuoba Chuo. In 294, Tuoba Luguan became chieftain of the Tuoba upon the death of his nephew Tuoba …   Wikipedia

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