São Tomé Fiscal

São Tomé Fiscal
Conservation status
Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Laniidae
Genus:	Lanius
Species:	L. newtoni
Binomial name
Lanius newtoni Barboza du Bocage, 1891
Distribution of the São Tomé Fiscal

The São Tomé Fiscal (Lanius newtoni) is a species of bird in the Laniidae family. It is endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe. It is 20 to 21 centimeters long. The bird is black above with a white shoulder-scapular bar.^[1] The São Tomé Fiscal has a yellow chin, breast, belly, flanks vent and under tail.^[2] Its graduated tail has all black central tail feathers and an increasing amount of white on outer web from inner to outer tail feathers.^[3] The Lanius newtoni has a clear voice with a whistle tiuh tiuh often repeated and metallic tsink tsink audible over a long distance.^[1]

The species lives on the island of São Tomé and is usually found under closed canopy.^[1] Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montanes.

Due to habitat loss, it now lives in a government-protected forest to help its endangerment problem.^[4] It is one of the 168 species considered to be a critically endangered bird, which means it has a fifty percent chance of becoming extinct within the next five years.^[5] In 2008 it made the Rare Birds yearbook.^[6]

References

• BirdLife International 2004. Lanius newtoni. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 26 July 2007.

• BirdLife International Species factsheet: Lanius newtoni 2008. 29 April 2009. [1]

• Archive Images of Life on Earth: Lanius newtoni. 20 April 2009. [2]

• Species Guardian Action Update: Global Sponsor of the BirdLife Preventing Extinctions Program Dwarf Olive Ibis Bostrychiabocagei Sao Tome Fiscal Lanius newtoni Sao Tome Grosbeak Neospiza concolor. February 2009. 29 April 2009. [3]

• Gulf of Guinea Biodiversity Network Ornithology. Threats to the avifauna of São Tomé e Príncipe. 29 April 2009. [4]

• Critically endangered birds. 29 April 2009. [5]

• Rare Birds Yearbook 2008. 29 April 2009. [6]

External links

• BirdLife Species Factsheet.