- Clintonite
-
Clintonite 
Clintonite with spinel on orthoclase matrix from Amity, New York (size: 9.3 x 5.7 x 3.8 cm)General Category Phyllosilicate Mica group Chemical formula Ca(Mg,Al)3(Al3Si)O10(OH)2 Crystal symmetry Monoclinic 2/m - prismatic Unit cell a = 5.204Å, b = 9.026Å, c = 9.812Å; β = 100.35°; Z = 2 Identification Color Colorless, yellow, orange, red-brown, brown, green Crystal habit Tabular pseudohexagonal crystals; foliated or lamellar radiated; massive Crystal system Monoclinic Twinning Spiral polysynthetic twinning Cleavage Perfect on {001} Tenacity Brittle Mohs scale hardness 3.5 on {001}, 6 at angle to {001} Luster Vitreous, pearly, submetallic Streak White, slightly yellow-gray Diaphaneity Transparent to translucent Specific gravity 3.0 - 3.1 Optical properties Biaxial (-) Refractive index nα = 1.643 - 1.648 nβ = 1.655 - 1.662 nγ = 1.655 - 1.663 Birefringence δ = 0.012 - 0.015 Pleochroism X = colorless, pale orange, red-brown; Y = Z = pale brownish yellow, pale green 2V angle Measured: 2° to 40° References [1][2][3] Clintonite is a calcium magnesium aluminium phyllosilicate mineral. It is a member of the margarite group of micas and the subgroup often referred to as the "brittle" micas. Clintonite has the chemical formula: Ca(Mg,Al)3(Al3Si)O10(OH)2. Like other micas and chlorites, clintonite is monoclinic in crystal form and has a perfect basal cleavage parallel to the flat surface of the plates or scales. The Mohs hardness of clintonite is 6.5, and the specific gravity is 3.0 to 3.1. It occurs as variably colored, colorless, green, yellow, red, to reddish-brown masses and radial clusters.
The brittle micas differ chemically from the micas in containing less silica and no alkalis, and from the chlorites in containing much less water; in many respects, they are intermediate between the micas and chlorites. Clintonite and its iron-rich variety xanthophyllite are sometimes considered the calcium analogues of the phlogopites.[4]
Typical formation environment is in serpentinized dolomitic limestones and contact metamorphosed skarns. It occurs with talc, spinel, grossular, vesuvianite, clinopyroxene, monticellite, chondrodite, phlogopite, chlorite, quartz, calcite and dolomite.[3]
Clintonite was first described in 1843 for an occurrence in Orange County, New York. It was named for De Witt Clinton (1769-1828).[2]
See also
References
- ^ Webmineral
- ^ a b Mindat with location data
- ^ a b Handbook of Mineralogy
- ^ Alietti, Elisa, et al., Clintonite-1M: Crystal chemistry and its relationships to closely associated Al-rich phlogopite, American Mineralogist, Volume 82, pages 936–945, 1997. [1]
Categories:- Phyllosilicates
- Magnesium minerals
- Calcium minerals
- Aluminium minerals
- Monoclinic minerals
- Mica group
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