Neolentinus lepideus

Neolentinus lepideus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Subkingdom:	Dikarya
Phylum:	Basidiomycota
Subphylum:	Agaricomycotina
Class:	Agaricomycetes
Order:	Gloeophyllales
Family:	Gloeophyllaceae
Genus:	Neolentinus
Species:	N. lepideus
Binomial name
Neolentinus lepideus (Fr.) Redhead & Ginns (1985)[1]

Neolentinus lepideus
Mycological characteristics
	gills on hymenium
	cap is convex or flat
	hymenium is adnate or decurrent
	stipe has a ring
	spore print is white
	ecology is saprotrophic
	edibility: edible or inedible

Neolentinus lepideus is a basidiomycete mushroom of the genus Neolentinus, until recently also widely known as Lentinus lepideus. Common names for it include scaly lentinus and train wrecker.

Appearance

Neolentinus lepideus fruit bodies are tough, fleshy, agarics of variable size. The cap is at first convex and flattens with maturity while the margin remains inrolled. The cap may grow up to about 12 cm, while the stem grows to about 8 cm in height.^[2] The white, cream to pale-brown cap cuticle is distinctively covered with concentrically arranged dark scales which become denser towards the depressed cap centre. The gills are white and their attachment to the stem is adnate to subdecurrent or decurrent. The spore mass is white and the spores are cylindrical in shape. The spore dimensions are 8-12.5 by 3.5-5 µm.^[3]

The stem bears the same coloration as the cap and is also covered in dark scales in the region below the white ring.

Habitat and distribution

Fruiting bodies of Neolentinus lepideus are found singly or in tufts emerging from dead and decaying coniferous wood, favouring pines (Pinus) including old stumps, logs and timber. It may also be found in gardens, on man-made wooden structures such as old railroad ties, and in such unusual places as coal mines. Less frequently, it is also found on non-coniferous hardwood. The fungus's fruiting season is spring to autumn and it is common in Europe and North America.^[4][3]

Importance

Neolentinus lepideus has a saprotrophic mode of nutrition and is an important woodland decomposer and a cause of wet rot in building materials. The fungus has shown tolerance of wood treated with creosote and other preservatives, and has been used in experiments to evaluate the efficacy of treatment methods.^[5]

Edibility

While some authors qualify Neolentinus lepideus as edible,^[4] others describe it as inedible.^[2] Despite there being no recorded poisonings, because fruitbodies of it tend to grow on man-made wooden structures, the fungus may come in contact with hazardous chemicals, like wooden railroad ties smeared with creosote. Fruiting bodies have a flesh with a tough consistency which increases with maturity. The fruiting body has no discernible taste and may have a weak aniseed-like smell.^[2]

References

1. ^ Index Fungorum entry on species.
2. ^ ^{a b c} Michael Jordan (1995). The Encyclopedia of Fungi of Britain and Europe. David & Charles. p. 329. ISBN 0-7153-0129-2. 
3. ^ ^{a b} Bas C. (1990). Volume 2 of Flora Agaricina Neerlandica: Critical Monographs on Families of Agarics and Boleti Occurring in the Netherlands. CRCPress. pp. 90–91. ISBN 9061919711. http://books.google.com/books?id=Z-xGzC7Nic4C&pg=PA27&dq=neerlandica+lepideus&cd=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false. Retrieved 2010-01-03. 
4. ^ ^{a b} "Lentinus lepideus at Rogers Mushrooms". Rogers Plants Ltd. http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6280.asp. Retrieved January 3, 2010. 
5. ^ Duncan C., Deverall F. (1963). "Degradation of Wood Preservatives by Fungi". Applied Microbiology 12 (1): 57–62. PMC 1058065. PMID 16349644. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1058065. 

External links

• Rogers Mushrooms species description
• Good quality images