List of birds of Russia

This is a list of the bird species recorded in Russia. The avifauna of Russia includes a total of 780 species, of which 1 is endemic and 11 are rare or accidental. 1 species listed is extirpated in Russia and is not included in the species count.

This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families, and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of Clements's 5th edition. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflects this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Accidental species are included in the total species counts for Russia.

The following tags have been used to highlight certain relevant categories. It must be noted that not all species fall into one of these categories. Those that do not are commonly occurring, native species.

* (A) Accidental A species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Russia.
* (E) Endemic A species endemic to Russia.
* (Ex) Extirpated A species that no longer occurs in Russia although populations exist elsewhere.

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Loons

Order: GaviiformesFamily: Gaviidae

Loons, known as Divers in Europe, are group of aquatic birds found in many parts of North America and northern Europe. They are the size of a large duck or small goose, which they somewhat resembles in shape when swimming, but they completely unrelated to these waterfowl. There are 5 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Russia.

*Red-throated Loon "Gavia stellata"
*Arctic Loon "Gavia arctica"
*Pacific Loon "Gavia pacifica"
*Common Loon "Gavia immer"
*Yellow-billed Loon "Gavia adamsii"

Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. There are 20 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Russia.

*Little Grebe "Tachybaptus ruficollis"
*Red-necked Grebe "Podiceps grisegena"
*Great Crested Grebe "Podiceps cristatus"
*Horned Grebe "Podiceps auritus"
*Eared Grebe "Podiceps nigricollis"

Albatrosses

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are among the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds. There are 21 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Russia.

*Short-tailed Albatross "Phoebastria albatrus"
*Laysan Albatross "Phoebastria immutabilis"
*Black-footed Albatross "Phoebastria nigripes"

hearwaters and Petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with a medium septum, and a long outer functional primary. There are 75 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Russia.

*Northern Fulmar "Fulmarus glacialis"
*Mottled Petrel "Pterodroma inexpectata" (A)
*Providence Petrel "Pterodroma solandri"
*Bonin Petrel "Pterodroma hypoleuca"
*Streaked Shearwater "Calonectris leucomelas"
*Flesh-footed Shearwater "Puffinus carneipes"
*Greater Shearwater "Puffinus gravis"
*Buller's Shearwater "Puffinus bulleri"
*Sooty Shearwater "Puffinus griseus"
*Short-tailed Shearwater "Puffinus tenuirostris"
*Manx Shearwater "Puffinus puffinus"
*Levantine Shearwater "Puffinus yelkouan"

torm-Petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae

The storm-petrels are relatives of the petrels, and are the smallest of sea-birds. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. There are 21 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Russia.

*European Storm-Petrel "Hydrobates pelagicus"
*Band-rumped Storm-Petrel "Oceanodroma castro"
*Leach's Storm-Petrel "Oceanodroma leucorhoa"
*Swinhoe's Storm-Petrel "Oceanodroma monorhis"
*Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel "Oceanodroma furcata"

Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes. There are 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Great White Pelican "Pelecanus onocrotalus"
*Dalmatian Pelican "Pelecanus crispus"

Boobies and Gannets

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups comprise medium-to-large coastal sea-birds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 9 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Russia.

*Northern Gannet "Morus bassanus"
*Red-footed Booby "Sula sula" (A)
*Brown Booby "Sula leucogaster"

Cormorants

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. There are 38 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Russia.

*Double-crested Cormorant "Phalacrocorax auritus"
*Great Cormorant "Phalacrocorax carbo"
*Japanese Cormorant "Phalacrocorax capillatus"
*European Shag "Phalacrocorax aristotelis"
*Pelagic Cormorant "Phalacrocorax pelagicus"
*Red-faced Cormorant "Phalacrocorax urile"
*Pygmy Cormorant "Phalacrocorax pygmaeus"

Frigatebirds

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large sea-birds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black and white or completely black, with long wings and deeply-forked tails. The males have inflatable coloured throat pouches. They do not swim or walk, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan to body weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. There are 5 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Great Frigatebird "Fregata minor" (A)
*Lesser Frigatebird "Fregata ariel"

Bitterns, Herons and Egrets

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Russia.

*Gray Heron "Ardea cinerea"
*Purple Heron "Ardea purpurea"
*Great Egret "Ardea alba"
*Intermediate Egret "Egretta intermedia"
*Little Egret "Egretta garzetta"
*Chinese Egret "Egretta eulophotes"
*Squacco Heron "Ardeola ralloides"
*Chinese Pond-Heron "Ardeola bacchus"
*Cattle Egret "Bubulcus ibis"
*Striated Heron "Butorides striata"
*Black-crowned Night-Heron "Nycticorax nycticorax"
*Japanese Night-Heron "Gorsachius goisagi"
*Yellow Bittern "Ixobrychus sinensis"
*Schrenck's Bittern "Ixobrychus eurhythmus"
*Cinnamon Bittern "Ixobrychus cinnamomeus"
*Great Bittern "Botaurus stellaris"

torks

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute; bill-clattering is an important mode of stork communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Russia.

*Black Stork "Ciconia nigra"
*White Stork "Ciconia ciconia"
*Oriental Stork "Ciconia boyciana"

Ibises and Spoonbills

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Threskiornithidae

The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. There are 36 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Russia.

*Sacred Ibis "Threskiornis aethiopicus"
*Black-headed Ibis "Threskiornis melanocephalus"
*Crested Ibis "Nipponia nippon" (Ex)
*Glossy Ibis "Plegadis falcinellus"
*Eurasian Spoonbill "Platalea leucorodia"
*Black-faced Spoonbill "Platalea minor"

Flamingos

Order: PhoenicopteriformesFamily: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet high, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. They are more numerous in the latter. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly-shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume, and are uniquely used upside-down. There are 6 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Greater Flamingo "Phoenicopterus roseus"

Ducks, Geese and Swans

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating. There are 131 species worldwide and 61 species which occur in Russia.

*Mute Swan "Cygnus olor"
*Trumpeter Swan "Cygnus buccinator"
*Whooper Swan "Cygnus cygnus"
*Tundra Swan "Cygnus columbianus"
*Swan Goose "Anser cygnoides"
*Bean Goose "Anser fabalis"
*Pink-footed Goose "Anser brachyrhynchus"
*Greater White-fronted Goose "Anser albifrons"
*Lesser White-fronted Goose "Anser erythropus"
*Greylag Goose "Anser anser"
*Bar-headed Goose "Anser indicus"
*Snow Goose "Chen caerulescens"
*Ross's Goose "Chen rossii" (A)
*Emperor Goose "Chen canagica"
*Brant "Branta bernicla"
*Barnacle Goose "Branta leucopsis"
*Cackling Goose "Branta hutchinsii"
*Canada Goose "Branta canadensis"
*Red-breasted Goose "Branta ruficollis"
*Ruddy Shelduck "Tadorna ferruginea"
*Common Shelduck "Tadorna tadorna"
*Mandarin Duck "Aix galericulata"
*Eurasian Wigeon "Anas penelope"
*American Wigeon "Anas americana"
*Falcated Duck "Anas falcata"
*Gadwall "Anas strepera"
*Baikal Teal "Anas formosa"
*Green-winged Teal "Anas carolinensis"
*Eurasian Teal "Anas crecca"
*Mallard "Anas platyrhynchos"
*Spot-billed Duck "Anas poecilorhyncha"
*Northern Pintail "Anas acuta"
*Garganey "Anas querquedula"
*Northern Shoveler "Anas clypeata"
*Marbled Teal "Marmaronetta angustirostris"
*Red-crested Pochard "Netta rufina"
*Common Pochard "Aythya ferina"
*Canvasback "Aythya valisineria"
*Redhead "Aythya americana"
*Ferruginous Pochard "Aythya nyroca"
*Baer's Pochard "Aythya baeri"
*Tufted Duck "Aythya fuligula"
*Greater Scaup "Aythya marila"
*Lesser Scaup "Aythya affinis"
*Common Eider "Somateria mollissima"
*King Eider "Somateria spectabilis"
*Spectacled Eider "Somateria fischeri"
*Steller's Eider "Polysticta stelleri"
*Harlequin Duck "Histrionicus histrionicus"
*Long-tailed Duck "Clangula hyemalis"
*Black Scoter "Melanitta nigra"
*Surf Scoter "Melanitta perspicillata" (A)
*White-winged Scoter "Melanitta fusca"
*Common Goldeneye "Bucephala clangula"
*Barrow's Goldeneye "Bucephala islandica"
*Bufflehead "Bucephala albeola"
*Smew "Mergellus albellus"
*Red-breasted Merganser "Mergus serrator"
*Common Merganser "Mergus merganser"
*Scaly-sided Merganser "Mergus squamatus"
*White-headed Duck "Oxyura leucocephala"

Osprey

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Pandionidae

The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

*Osprey "Pandion haliaetus"

Hawks, Kites and Eagles

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide and 41 species which occur in Russia.

*European Honey-buzzard "Pernis apivorus"
*Oriental Honey-buzzard "Pernis ptilorhynchus"
*Red Kite "Milvus milvus"
*Black Kite "Milvus migrans"
*Pallas's Fish-Eagle "Haliaeetus leucoryphus"
*White-tailed Eagle "Haliaeetus albicilla"
*Bald Eagle "Haliaeetus leucocephalus" (A)
*Steller's Sea-Eagle "Haliaeetus pelagicus"
*Lammergeier "Gypaetus barbatus"
*Egyptian Vulture "Neophron percnopterus"
*White-rumped Vulture "Gyps bengalensis"
*Himalayan Griffon "Gyps himalayensis"
*Eurasian Griffon "Gyps fulvus"
*Cinereous Vulture "Aegypius monachus"
*Short-toed Eagle "Circaetus gallicus"
*Western Marsh-Harrier "Circus aeruginosus"
*Eastern Marsh-Harrier "Circus spilonotus"
*Northern Harrier "Circus cyaneus"
*Pallid Harrier "Circus macrourus"
*Pied Harrier "Circus melanoleucos"
*Montagu's Harrier "Circus pygargus"
*Shikra "Accipiter badius"
*Levant Sparrowhawk "Accipiter brevipes"
*Chinese Goshawk "Accipiter soloensis"
*Japanese Sparrowhawk "Accipiter gularis"
*Besra "Accipiter virgatus"
*Eurasian Sparrowhawk "Accipiter nisus"
*Northern Goshawk "Accipiter gentilis"
*Gray-faced Buzzard "Butastur indicus"
*Eurasian Buzzard "Buteo buteo"
*Long-legged Buzzard "Buteo rufinus"
*Upland Buzzard "Buteo hemilasius"
*Rough-legged Hawk "Buteo lagopus"
*Lesser Spotted Eagle "Aquila pomarina"
*Greater Spotted Eagle "Aquila clanga"
*Tawny Eagle "Aquila rapax"
*Steppe Eagle "Aquila nipalensis"
*Imperial Eagle "Aquila heliaca"
*Golden Eagle "Aquila chrysaetos"
*Booted Eagle "Aquila pennatus"
*Mountain Hawk-Eagle "Spizaetus nipalensis"

Caracaras and Falcons

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide and 10 species which occur in Russia.

*Lesser Kestrel "Falco naumanni"
*Eurasian Kestrel "Falco tinnunculus"
*Red-footed Falcon "Falco vespertinus"
*Amur Falcon "Falco amurensis"
*Merlin "Falco columbarius"
*Eurasian Hobby "Falco subbuteo"
*Saker Falcon "Falco cherrug"
*Gyrfalcon "Falco rusticolus"
*Barbary Falcon "Falco pelegrinoides"
*Peregrine Falcon "Falco peregrinus"

Grouse

Order: GalliformesFamily: Tetraonidae

Grouse are game birds, similar to quails and partridge. There are 18 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Russia.

*Siberian Grouse "Dendragapus falcipennis" (E)
*Willow Ptarmigan "Lagopus lagopus"
*Rock Ptarmigan "Lagopus muta"
*Black-billed Capercaillie "Tetrao parvirostris"
*Eurasian Capercaillie "Tetrao urogallus"
*Black Grouse "Tetrao tetrix"
*Caucasian Grouse "Tetrao mlokosiewiczi"
*Hazel Grouse "Bonasa bonasia"

Pheasants and Partridges

Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowls, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they may vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings. There are 156 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Russia.

*Caucasian Snowcock "Tetraogallus caucasicus"
*Altai Snowcock "Tetraogallus altaicus"
*Chukar "Alectoris chukar"
*Gray Partridge "Perdix perdix"
*Daurian Partridge "Perdix dauurica"
*Japanese Quail "Coturnix japonica"
*Common Quail "Coturnix coturnix"
*Ring-necked Pheasant "Phasianus colchicus"

Buttonquails

Order: GruiformesFamily: Turnicidae

The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails.The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young. There are 16 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Yellow-legged Buttonquail "Turnix tanki"

Cranes

Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Russia.

*Demoiselle Crane "Anthropoides virgo"
*Siberian Crane "Grus leucogeranus"
*Sandhill Crane "Grus canadensis"
*White-naped Crane "Grus vipio"
*Common Crane "Grus grus"
*Hooded Crane "Grus monacha"
*Red-crowned Crane "Grus japonensis"

Rails, Crakes, Gallinules, and Coots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Russia.

*Swinhoe's Rail "Coturnicops exquisitus"
*Water Rail "Rallus aquaticus"
*Corn Crake "Crex crex"
*White-breasted Waterhen "Amaurornis phoenicurus"
*Little Crake "Porzana parva"
*Baillon's Crake "Porzana pusilla"
*Spotted Crake "Porzana porzana"
*Sora "Porzana carolina"
*Ruddy-breasted Crake "Porzana fusca"
*Band-bellied Crake "Porzana paykullii"
*Watercock "Gallicrex cinerea"
*Purple Swamphen "Porphyrio porphyrio"
*Common Moorhen "Gallinula chloropus"
*Eurasian Coot "Fulica atra"

Bustards

Order: GruiformesFamily: Otididae

Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips, and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays. There are 26 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Russia.

*Great Bustard "Otis tarda"
*Houbara Bustard "Chlamydotis undulata"
*Macqueen's Bustard "Chlamydotis macqueenii"
*Little Bustard "Tetrax tetrax"

Jacanas

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide in the Tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. There 8 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Pheasant-tailed Jacana "Hydrophasianus chirurgus"

Painted snipe

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Rostratulidae

Painted snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Greater Painted-snipe "Rostratula benghalensis"

Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Black Oystercatcher "Haematopus bachmani"
*Eurasian Oystercatcher "Haematopus ostralegus"

Avocets and Stilts

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Black-winged Stilt "Himantopus himantopus"
*Pied Avocet "Recurvirostra avosetta"

Thick-knees

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Eurasian Thick-knee "Burhinus oedicnemus"

Pratincoles and Coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards. There are 17 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Russia.

*Cream-colored Courser "Cursorius cursor"
*Collared Pratincole "Glareola pratincola"
*Oriental Pratincole "Glareola maldivarum"
*Black-winged Pratincole "Glareola nordmanni"

Plovers and Lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in Russia.

*Northern Lapwing "Vanellus vanellus"
*Gray-headed Lapwing "Vanellus cinereus"
*Red-wattled Lapwing "Vanellus indicus" (A)
*Sociable Lapwing "Vanellus gregarius"
*White-tailed Lapwing "Vanellus leucurus"
*Pacific Golden-Plover "Pluvialis fulva"
*American Golden-Plover "Pluvialis dominica"
*European Golden-Plover "Pluvialis apricaria"
*Black-bellied Plover "Pluvialis squatarola"
*Common Ringed Plover "Charadrius hiaticula"
*Semipalmated Plover "Charadrius semipalmatus"
*Long-billed Plover "Charadrius placidus"
*Little Ringed Plover "Charadrius dubius"
*Killdeer "Charadrius vociferus"
*Snowy Plover "Charadrius alexandrinus"
*Lesser Sandplover "Charadrius mongolus"
*Greater Sandplover "Charadrius leschenaultii"
*Caspian Plover "Charadrius asiaticus"
*Oriental Plover "Charadrius veredus"
*Eurasian Dotterel "Charadrius morinellus"

andpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae

The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide and 59 species which occur in Russia.

*Eurasian Woodcock "Scolopax rusticola"
*Jack Snipe "Lymnocryptes minimus"
*Solitary Snipe "Gallinago solitaria"
*Latham's Snipe "Gallinago hardwickii"
*Pintail Snipe "Gallinago stenura"
*Swinhoe's Snipe "Gallinago megala"
*Great Snipe "Gallinago media"
*Common Snipe "Gallinago gallinago"
*Long-billed Dowitcher "Limnodromus scolopaceus"
*Asian Dowitcher "Limnodromus semipalmatus"
*Black-tailed Godwit "Limosa limosa"
*Bar-tailed Godwit "Limosa lapponica"
*Eskimo Curlew "Numenius borealis"
*Little Curlew "Numenius minutus"
*Whimbrel "Numenius phaeopus"
*Slender-billed Curlew "Numenius tenuirostris"
*Eurasian Curlew "Numenius arquata"
*Far Eastern Curlew "Numenius madagascariensis"
*Spotted Redshank "Tringa erythropus"
*Common Redshank "Tringa totanus"
*Marsh Sandpiper "Tringa stagnatilis"
*Common Greenshank "Tringa nebularia"
*Nordmann's Greenshank "Tringa guttifer"
*Greater Yellowlegs "Tringa melanoleuca"
*Lesser Yellowlegs "Tringa flavipes"
*Green Sandpiper "Tringa ochropus"
*Wood Sandpiper "Tringa glareola"
*Terek Sandpiper "Xenus cinereus"
*Common Sandpiper "Actitis hypoleucos"
*Spotted Sandpiper "Actitis macularia" (A)
*Gray-tailed Tattler "Heterosceles brevipes"
*Wandering Tattler "Heterosceles incanus"
*Ruddy Turnstone "Arenaria interpres"
*Black Turnstone "Arenaria melanocephala"
*Great Knot "Calidris tenuirostris"
*Red Knot "Calidris canutus"
*Sanderling "Calidris alba"
*Semipalmated Sandpiper "Calidris pusilla" (A)
*Western Sandpiper "Calidris mauri"
*Red-necked Stint "Calidris ruficollis"
*Little Stint "Calidris minuta"
*Temminck's Stint "Calidris temminckii"
*Long-toed Stint "Calidris subminuta"
*Least Sandpiper "Calidris minutilla"
*White-rumped Sandpiper "Calidris fuscicollis" (A)
*Baird's Sandpiper "Calidris bairdii"
*Pectoral Sandpiper "Calidris melanotos"
*Sharp-tailed Sandpiper "Calidris acuminata"
*Curlew Sandpiper "Calidris ferruginea"
*Dunlin "Calidris alpina"
*Purple Sandpiper "Calidris maritima"
*Rock Sandpiper "Calidris ptilocnemis"
*Spoon-billed Sandpiper "Eurynorhynchus pygmeus"
*Broad-billed Sandpiper "Limicola falcinellus"
*Buff-breasted Sandpiper "Tryngites subruficollis"
*Ruff "Philomachus pugnax"
*Wilson's Phalarope "Phalaropus tricolor"
*Red-necked Phalarope "Phalaropus lobatus"
*Red Phalarope "Phalaropus fulicarius"

kuas and Jaegers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants. There are 7 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Russia.

*South Polar Skua "Stercorarius maccormicki"
*Great Skua "Stercorarius skua"
*Pomarine Jaeger "Stercorarius pomarinus"
*Parasitic Jaeger "Stercorarius parasiticus"
*Long-tailed Jaeger "Stercorarius longicaudus"

Gulls

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes gulls and kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 55 species worldwide and 27 species which occur in Russia.

*Black-tailed Gull "Larus crassirostris"
*Mew Gull "Larus canus"
*Great Black-backed Gull "Larus marinus"
*Glaucous-winged Gull "Larus glaucescens"
*Glaucous Gull "Larus hyperboreus"
*Iceland Gull "Larus glaucoides"
*Herring Gull "Larus argentatus"
*Lesser Black-backed Gull "Larus fuscus"
*Heuglin's Gull "Larus heuglini"
*East Siberian Gull "Larus vegae"
*Caspian Gull "Larus cachinnans"
*Armenian Gull "Larus armenicus"
*Steppe Gull "Larus barabensis"
*Great Black-headed Gull "Larus ichthyaetus"
*Slaty-backed Gull "Larus schistisagus"
*Black-headed Gull "Larus ridibundus"
*Slender-billed Gull "Larus genei"
*Bonaparte's Gull "Larus philadelphia"
*Saunders's Gull "Larus saundersi"
*Mediterranean Gull "Larus melanocephalus"
*Relict Gull "Larus relictus"
*Little Gull "Larus minutus"
*Ivory Gull "Pagophila eburnea"
*Ross's Gull "Rhodostethia rosea"
*Sabine's Gull "Xema sabini"
*Red-legged Kittiwake "Rissa brevirostris"
*Black-legged Kittiwake "Rissa tridactyla"

Terns

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Sternidae

Terns are a group of generally general medium to large sea-birds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide and 10 species which occur in Russia.

*Gull-billed Tern "Sterna nilotica"
*Caspian Tern "Sterna caspia"
*Sandwich Tern "Sterna sandvicensis"
*Common Tern "Sterna hirundo"
*Arctic Tern "Sterna paradisaea"
*Little Tern "Sterna albifrons"
*Aleutian Tern "Sterna aleutica"
*Whiskered Tern "Chlidonias hybridus"
*White-winged Tern "Chlidonias leucopterus"
*Black Tern "Chlidonias niger"

Auks, Murres, and Puffins

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Alcidae

Alcids are superficially similar to penguins due to their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits, however they are not related to the penguins bnd differ in being able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest. There are 24 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in Russia.

*Dovekie "Alle alle"
*Common Murre "Uria aalge"
*Thick-billed Murre "Uria lomvia"
*Razorbill "Alca torda"
*Great Auk "Pinguinus impennis"
*Black Guillemot "Cepphus grylle"
*Pigeon Guillemot "Cepphus columba"
*Spectacled Guillemot "Cepphus carbo"
*Marbled Murrelet "Brachyramphus marmoratus"
*Long-billed Murrelet "Brachyramphus perdix"
*Kittlitz's Murrelet "Brachyramphus brevirostris"
*Ancient Murrelet "Synthliboramphus antiquus"
*Japanese Murrelet "Synthliboramphus wumizusume"
*Cassin's Auklet "Ptychoramphus aleuticus"
*Parakeet Auklet "Aethia psittacula"
*Crested Auklet "Aethia cristatella"
*Whiskered Auklet "Aethia pygmaea"
*Least Auklet "Aethia pusilla"
*Rhinoceros Auklet "Cerorhinca monocerata"
*Atlantic Puffin "Fratercula arctica"
*Horned Puffin "Fratercula corniculata"
*Tufted Puffin "Fratercula cirrhata"

andgrouse

Order: PterocliformesFamily: Pteroclidae

Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes. There are 16 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Russia.

*Pallas's Sandgrouse "Syrrhaptes paradoxus"
*Pin-tailed Sandgrouse "Pterocles alchata"
*Black-bellied Sandgrouse "Pterocles orientalis"

Pigeons and Doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Russia.

*Rock Pigeon "Columba livia"
*Hill Pigeon "Columba rupestris"
*Stock Pigeon "Columba oenas"
*Pale-backed Pigeon "Columba eversmanni"
*Common Wood-Pigeon "Columba palumbus"
*Eurasian Turtle-Dove "Streptopelia turtur"
*Oriental Turtle-Dove "Streptopelia orientalis"
*Eurasian Collared-Dove "Streptopelia decaocto"
*Red Collared-Dove "Streptopelia tranquebarica"
*Laughing Dove "Streptopelia senegalensis"
*White-bellied Pigeon "Treron sieboldii"

Cuckoos and Anis

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Russia.

*Northern Hawk-Cuckoo "Cuculus hyperythrus"
*Indian Cuckoo "Cuculus micropterus"
*Common Cuckoo "Cuculus canorus"
*Oriental Cuckoo "Cuculus saturatus"
*Sunda Cuckoo "Cuculus lepidus"
*Horsfield's Cuckoo "Cuculus horsfieldi"
*Lesser Cuckoo "Cuculus poliocephalus"

Barn owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Barn Owl "Tyto alba"

Typical owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Russia.

*Collared Scops Owl "Otus bakkamoena"
*Indian Scops Owl "Otus lettia"
*Japanese Scops Owl "Otus semitorques"
*European Scops Owl "Otus scops"
*Oriental Scops Owl "Otus sunia"
*Eurasian Eagle Owl "Bubo bubo"
*Snowy Owl "Bubo scandiacus"
*Blakiston's Fish Owl "Ketupa blakistoni"
*Tawny Owl "Strix aluco"
*Ural Owl "Strix uralensis"
*Great Gray Owl "Strix nebulosa"
*Northern Hawk Owl "Surnia ulula"
*Eurasian Pygmy Owl "Glaucidium passerinum"
*Little Owl "Athene noctua"
*Boreal Owl "Aegolius funereus"
*Brown Hawk Owl "Ninox scutulata"
*Long-eared Owl "Asio otus"
*Short-eared Owl "Asio flammeus"

Nightjars

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Grey Nightjar "Caprimulgus indicus"
*Eurasian Nightjar "Caprimulgus europaeus"

wifts

Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae

Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Russia.

*White-throated Needletail "Hirundapus caudacutus"
*Alpine Swift "Tachymarptis melba"
*Common Swift "Apus apus"
*Fork-tailed Swift "Apus pacificus"
*Little Swift "Apus affinis"

Hummingbirds

Order: TrochiliformesFamily: Trochilidae

Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards. There are 337 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Rufous Hummingbird "Selasphorus rufus"

Trogons and Quetzals

Order: TrogoniformesFamily: Trogonidae

The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Ward's Trogon "Harpactes wardi"

Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Russia.

*Common Kingfisher "Alcedo atthis"
*Ruddy Kingfisher "Halcyon coromanda"
*Black-capped Kingfisher "Halcyon pileata"
*Crested Kingfisher "Megaceryle lugubris"
*Pied Kingfisher "Ceryle rudis"

Bee-eaters

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar. There are 26 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Blue-cheeked Bee-eater "Merops persicus"
*European Bee-eater "Merops apiaster"

Typical Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not. There are 12 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*European Roller "Coracias garrulus"
*Dollarbird "Eurystomus orientalis"

Hoopoes

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Hoopoe "Upupa epops"

Woodpeckers and allies

Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Russia.

*Eurasian Wryneck "Jynx torquilla"
*Gray-capped Woodpecker "Dendrocopos canicapillus"
*Pygmy Woodpecker "Dendrocopos kizuki"
*Lesser Spotted Woodpecker "Dendrocopos minor"
*Rufous-bellied Woodpecker "Dendrocopos hyperythrus"
*Middle Spotted Woodpecker "Dendrocopos medius"
*White-backed Woodpecker "Dendrocopos leucotos"
*Great Spotted Woodpecker "Dendrocopos major"
*Syrian Woodpecker "Dendrocopos syriacus"
*White-winged Woodpecker "Dendrocopos leucopterus"
*Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker "Picoides tridactylus"
*Black Woodpecker "Dryocopus martius"
*Green Woodpecker "Picus viridis"
*Gray-faced Woodpecker "Picus canus"

Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. There are 91 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Russia.

*Calandra Lark "Melanocorypha calandra"
*Bimaculated Lark "Melanocorypha bimaculata"
*Mongolian Lark "Melanocorypha mongolica"
*White-winged Lark "Melanocorypha leucoptera"
*Black Lark "Melanocorypha yeltoniensis"
*Greater Short-toed Lark "Calandrella brachydactyla"
*Lesser Short-toed Lark "Calandrella rufescens"
*Crested Lark "Galerida cristata"
*Wood Lark "Lullula arborea"
*Eurasian Skylark "Alauda arvensis"
*Oriental Skylark "Alauda gulgula"
*Horned Lark "Eremophila alpestris"

wallows and Martins

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae

The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Russia.

*Tree Swallow "Tachycineta bicolor"
*Bank Swallow "Riparia riparia"
*Pale Sand Martin "Riparia diluta"
*Cliff Swallow "Petrochelidon pyrrhonota"
*Eurasian Crag-Martin "Ptyonoprogne rupestris"
*Barn Swallow "Hirundo rustica"
*Red-rumped Swallow "Cecropis daurica"
*Common House-Martin "Delichon urbica"
*Asian Martin "Delichon dasypus"

Wagtails and Pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae

The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in Russia.

*Forest Wagtail "Dendronanthus indicus"
*White Wagtail "Motacilla alba"
*Black-backed Wagtail "Motacilla lugens"
*Japanese Wagtail "Motacilla grandis"
*Citrine Wagtail "Motacilla citreola"
*Yellow Wagtail "Motacilla flava"
*Eastern Yellow Wagtail "Motacilla tschutschensis"
*Gray Wagtail "Motacilla cinerea"
*Oriental Pipit "Anthus rufulus"
*Richard's Pipit "Anthus richardi"
*Tawny Pipit "Anthus campestris"
*Blyth's Pipit "Anthus godlewskii"
*Tree Pipit "Anthus trivialis"
*Olive-backed Pipit "Anthus hodgsoni"
*Pechora Pipit "Anthus gustavi"
*Meadow Pipit "Anthus pratensis"
*Red-throated Pipit "Anthus cervinus"
*Rock Pipit "Anthus petrosus"
*Water Pipit "Anthus spinoletta"
*American Pipit "Anthus rubescens"

Cuckoo-shrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Campephagidae

The cuckoo-shrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured. There are 82 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Ashy Minivet "Pericrocotus divaricatus"

Bulbuls

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throat or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.There are 130 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Brown-eared Bulbul "Ixos amaurotis"

Kinglets

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Regulidae

The kinglets or crests are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status because they also resemble the titmice. There are 7 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Russia.

*Ruby-crowned Kinglet "Regulus calendula"
*Goldcrest "Regulus regulus"
*Firecrest "Regulus ignicapillus"

Waxwings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of passerine birds characterized by soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and Cedar Waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax, and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter. There are 3 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Bohemian Waxwing "Bombycilla garrulus"
*Japanese Waxwing "Bombycilla japonica"

Dippers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements. There are 5 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*White-throated Dipper "Cinclus cinclus"
*Brown Dipper "Cinclus pallasii"

Wrens

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Troglodytidae

The wrens are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and a thin down-turned bill. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous. There are 80 species worldwide (of which all but one are New World species) and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Winter Wren "Troglodytes troglodytes"

Accentors

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prunellidae

The accentors are in the only bird family, Prunellidae, which is completely endemic to the Palearctic. They are small, fairly drab species superficially similar to sparrows. There are 13 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Russia.

*Alpine Accentor "Prunella collaris"
*Himalayan Accentor "Prunella himalayana"
*Siberian Accentor "Prunella montanella"
*Brown Accentor "Prunella fulvescens"
*Black-throated Accentor "Prunella atrogularis"
*Dunnock "Prunella modularis"
*Japanese Accentor "Prunella rubida"

Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in Russia.

*Rufous-tailed Rock-Thrush "Monticola saxatilis"
*White-throated Rock-Thrush "Monticola gularis"
*Blue Rock-Thrush "Monticola solitarius"
*Siberian Thrush "Zoothera sibirica"
*Scaly Thrush "Zoothera dauma"
*Gray-cheeked Thrush "Catharus minimus"
*Swainson's Thrush "Catharus ustulatus" (A)
*Hermit Thrush "Catharus guttatus"
*Gray-backed Thrush "Turdus hortulorum"
*Japanese Thrush "Turdus cardis"
*Ring Ouzel "Turdus torquatus"
*Eurasian Blackbird "Turdus merula"
*Eyebrowed Thrush "Turdus obscurus"
*Pale Thrush "Turdus pallidus"
*Brown-headed Thrush "Turdus chrysolaus"
*Dark-throated Thrush "Turdus ruficollis"
*Dusky Thrush "Turdus naumanni"
*Fieldfare "Turdus pilaris"
*Redwing "Turdus iliacus"
*Song Thrush "Turdus philomelos"
*Mistle Thrush "Turdus viscivorus"
*Varied Thrush "Ixoreus naevius"

Old World warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs. There are 291 species worldwide and 58 species which occur in Russia.

*Asian Stubtail "Urosphena squameiceps"
*Manchurian Bush-Warbler "Cettia canturians"
*Japanese Bush-Warbler "Cettia diphone"
*Cetti's Warbler "Cettia cetti"
*Spotted Bush-Warbler "Bradypterus thoracicus"
*Chinese Bush-Warbler "Bradypterus tacsanowskius"
*Lanceolated Warbler "Locustella lanceolata"
*Grasshopper Warbler "Locustella naevia"
*Pallas's Warbler "Locustella certhiola"
*Middendorff's Grasshopper-Warbler "Locustella ochotensis"
*Pleske's Warbler "Locustella pleskei"
*Eurasian River Warbler "Locustella fluviatilis"
*Savi's Warbler "Locustella luscinioides"
*Gray's Warbler "Locustella fasciolata"
*Sakhalin Warbler "Locustella amnicola"
*Moustached Warbler "Acrocephalus melanopogon"
*Aquatic Warbler "Acrocephalus paludicola"
*Sedge Warbler "Acrocephalus schoenobaenus"
*Black-browed Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus bistrigiceps"
*Paddyfield Warbler "Acrocephalus agricola"
*Eurasian Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus scirpaceus"
*African Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus baeticatus"
*Blyth's Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus dumetorum"
*Marsh Warbler "Acrocephalus palustris"
*Great Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus arundinaceus"
*Oriental Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus orientalis"
*Thick-billed Warbler "Acrocephalus aedon"
*Booted Warbler "Hippolais caligata"
*Sykes's Warbler "Hippolais rama"
*Eastern Olivaceous Warbler "Hippolais pallida"
*Icterine Warbler "Hippolais icterina"
*Willow Warbler "Phylloscopus trochilus"
*Common Chiffchaff "Phylloscopus collybita"
*Mountain Chiffchaff "Phylloscopus sindianus"
*Wood Warbler "Phylloscopus sibilatrix"
*Dusky Warbler "Phylloscopus fuscatus"
*Sulphur-bellied Warbler "Phylloscopus griseolus"
*Radde's Warbler "Phylloscopus schwarzi"
*Lemon-rumped Warbler "Phylloscopus proregulus"
*Yellow-browed Warbler "Phylloscopus inornatus"
*Hume's Warbler "Phylloscopus humei"
*Arctic Warbler "Phylloscopus borealis"
*Greenish Warbler "Phylloscopus trochiloides"
*Pale-legged Leaf-Warbler "Phylloscopus tenellipes"
*Sakhalin Leaf-Warbler "Phylloscopus borealoides"
*Western Crowned Leaf-Warbler "Phylloscopus occipitalis"
*Eastern Crowned Leaf-Warbler "Phylloscopus coronatus"
*Marsh Grassbird "Megalurus pryeri"
*Striated Grassbird "Megalurus palustris"
*Blackcap "Sylvia atricapilla"
*Garden Warbler "Sylvia borin"
*Greater Whitethroat "Sylvia communis"
*Lesser Whitethroat "Sylvia curruca"
*Asian Desert Warbler "Sylvia nana"
*Barred Warbler "Sylvia nisoria"
*Rueppell's Warbler "Sylvia rueppelli"
*Subalpine Warbler "Sylvia cantillans"
*Menetries's Warbler "Sylvia mystacea"

Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is very varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. There 274 species worldwide and 41 species which occur in Russia.

*Spotted Flycatcher "Muscicapa striata"
*Gray-spotted Flycatcher "Muscicapa griseisticta"
*Siberian Flycatcher "Muscicapa sibirica"
*Asian Brown Flycatcher "Muscicapa dauurica"
*European Pied Flycatcher "Ficedula hypoleuca"
*Collared Flycatcher "Ficedula albicollis"
*Semicollared Flycatcher "Ficedula semitorquata"
*Korean Flycatcher "Ficedula zanthopygia"
*Narcissus Flycatcher "Ficedula narcissina"
*Mugimaki Flycatcher "Ficedula mugimaki"
*Red-breasted Flycatcher "Ficedula parva"
*Taiga Flycatcher "Ficedula albicilla"
*Blue-and-white Flycatcher "Cyanoptila cyanomelana"
*European Robin "Erithacus rubecula"
*Japanese Robin "Erithacus akahige"
*Rufous-tailed Robin "Luscinia sibilans"
*Thrush Nightingale "Luscinia luscinia"
*Common Nightingale "Luscinia megarhynchos"
*Siberian Rubythroat "Luscinia calliope"
*Bluethroat "Luscinia svecica"
*Siberian Blue Robin "Luscinia cyane"
*Red-flanked Bluetail "Tarsiger cyanurus"
*Rufous-tailed Scrub-Robin "Cercotrichas galactotes"
*Rufous-backed Redstart "Phoenicurus erythronota"
*Blue-capped Redstart "Phoenicurus caeruleocephalus"
*Black Redstart "Phoenicurus ochruros"
*Common Redstart "Phoenicurus phoenicurus"
*Daurian Redstart "Phoenicurus auroreus"
*White-winged Redstart "Phoenicurus erythrogaster"
*Siberian Stonechat "Saxicola maura"
*Whinchat "Saxicola rubetra"
*White-throated Bushchat "Saxicola insignis"
*European Stonechat "Saxicola rubicola"
*African Stonechat "Saxicola torquata"
*Northern Wheatear "Oenanthe oenanthe"
*Finsch's Wheatear "Oenanthe finschii"
*Pied Wheatear "Oenanthe pleschanka"
*Black-eared Wheatear "Oenanthe hispanica"
*Red-tailed Wheatear "Oenanthe xanthoprymna"
*Desert Wheatear "Oenanthe deserti"
*Isabelline Wheatear "Oenanthe isabellina"

Monarch flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Monarchidae

The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines, which hunt by flycatching. There are 99 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Japanese Paradise-Flycatcher "Terpsiphone atrocaudata"
*Asian Paradise-Flycatcher "Terpsiphone paradisi"

Parrotbills

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paradoxornithidae

The parrotbills are a group of birds native to East and Southeast Asia, though feral populations are known from elsewhere. They are generally small, long-tailed birds which inhabit reedbeds and similar habitats. There are 20 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Russia.

*Bearded Reedling "Panurus biarmicus"
*Vinous-throated Parrotbill "Paradoxornis webbianus"
*Reed Parrotbill "Paradoxornis heudei"

Long-tailed tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Aegithalidae

Long-tailed tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet that includes insects. There are 9 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Long-tailed Tit "Aegithalos caudatus"

Chickadees and Titmice

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. There are species 59 worldwide and 11 species which occur in Russia.

*Marsh Tit "Poecile palustris"
*Willow Tit "Poecile montana"
*Gray-headed Chickadee "Poecile cincta"
*Coal Tit "Periparus ater"
*Crested Tit "Lophophanes cristatus"
*Great Tit "Parus major"
*Turkestan Tit "Parus bokharensis"
*Blue Tit "Cyanistes caeruleus"
*Azure Tit "Cyanistes cyanus"
*Yellow-breasted Tit "Cyanistes flavipectus"
*Varied Tit "Sittiparus varius"

Nuthatches

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet. There are 24 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Russia.

*Eurasian Nuthatch "Sitta europaea"
*Krueper's Nuthatch "Sitta krueperi"
*Snowy-browed Nuthatch "Sitta villosa"

Wallcreeper

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Tichodromidae

The Wallcreeper is a small bird with stunning crimson, grey and black plumage, related to the nuthatch family.

*Wallcreeper "Tichodroma muraria"

Treecreepers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. There are 6 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Eurasian Treecreeper "Certhia familiaris"
*Short-toed Treecreeper "Certhia brachydactyla"

Penduline tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Remizidae

The penduline tits are a group of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. They are insectivores. There are 13 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Russia.

*Eurasian Penduline-Tit "Remiz pendulinus"
*Black-headed Penduline-Tit "Remiz macronyx"
*White-crowned Penduline-Tit "Remiz coronatus"
*Chinese Penduline-Tit "Remiz consobrinus"

White-eyes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small and are mostly of undistinguished appearance, the plumage above being generally either some dull color like greenish olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests many species have a white ring around the eyes. There are 96 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Chestnut-flanked White-eye "Zosterops erythropleurus"
*Japanese White-eye "Zosterops japonicus"

Old World Orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae

The Old World Orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Russia.

*Eurasian Golden Oriole "Oriolus oriolus"
*Black-naped Oriole "Oriolus chinensis"

hrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey. There are 31 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Russia.

*Tiger Shrike "Lanius tigrinus"
*Bull-headed Shrike "Lanius bucephalus"
*Red-backed Shrike "Lanius collurio"
*Rufous-tailed Shrike "Lanius isabellinus"
*Brown Shrike "Lanius cristatus"
*Bay-backed Shrike "Lanius vittatus"
*Long-tailed Shrike "Lanius schach"
*Northern Shrike "Lanius excubitor"
*Southern Gray Shrike "Lanius meridionalis"
*Lesser Gray Shrike "Lanius minor"
*Chinese Gray Shrike "Lanius sphenocercus"
*Woodchat Shrike "Lanius senator"

Drongos

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dicruridae

The drongos are mostly are black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright whilst perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground. There are 24 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Hair-crested Drongo "Dicrurus hottentottus"

Crows, Jays, Ravens and Magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae

The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behavior. There are 120 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Russia.

*Siberian Jay "Perisoreus infaustus"
*Eurasian Jay "Garrulus glandarius"
*Azure-winged Magpie "Cyanopica cyana"
*Eurasian Magpie "Pica pica"
*Mongolian Ground-Jay "Podoces hendersoni"
*Eurasian Nutcracker "Nucifraga caryocatactes"
*Red-billed Chough "Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax"
*Yellow-billed Chough "Pyrrhocorax graculus"
*Eurasian Jackdaw "Corvus monedula"
*Daurian Jackdaw "Corvus dauuricus"
*Rook "Corvus frugilegus"
*Carrion Crow "Corvus corone"
*Large-billed Crow "Corvus macrorhynchos"
*Brown-necked Raven "Corvus ruficollis"
*Common Raven "Corvus corax"
*Hooded Crow "Corvus cornix"

tarlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct, and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen. There are 125 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Russia.

*Common Myna "Acridotheres tristis"
*Daurian Starling "Sturnia sturnina"
*Chestnut-cheeked Starling "Sturnia philippensis"
*White-shouldered Starling "Sturnia sinensis"
*Rosy Starling "Pastor roseus"
*White-cheeked Starling "Sturnus cineraceus"
*European Starling "Sturnus vulgaris"

New World warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Parulidae

The New World warblers are a group of small, often colourful, passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. There are 119 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Russia.

*Yellow-rumped Warbler "Dendroica coronata"
*Northern Waterthrush "Seiurus noveboracensis"
*Wilson's Warbler "Wilsonia pusilla"

Buntings, Sparrows, Seedeaters and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are species 275 worldwide and 36 species which occur in Russia.

*Yellowhammer "Emberiza citrinella"
*Pine Bunting "Emberiza leucocephalos"
*Rock Bunting "Emberiza cia"
*Godlewski's Bunting "Emberiza godlewskii"
*Meadow Bunting "Emberiza cioides"
*Rufous-backed Bunting "Emberiza jankowskii"
*Gray-hooded Bunting "Emberiza buchanani"
*Cinereous Bunting "Emberiza cineracea"
*Ortolan Bunting "Emberiza hortulana"
*Ochre-rumped Bunting "Emberiza yessoensis"
*Tristram's Bunting "Emberiza tristrami"
*Chestnut-eared Bunting "Emberiza fucata"
*Little Bunting "Emberiza pusilla"
*Yellow-browed Bunting "Emberiza chrysophrys"
*Rustic Bunting "Emberiza rustica"
*Yellow-throated Bunting "Emberiza elegans"
*Yellow-breasted Bunting "Emberiza aureola"
*Chestnut Bunting "Emberiza rutila"
*Black-headed Bunting "Emberiza melanocephala"
*Red-headed Bunting "Emberiza bruniceps"
*Yellow Bunting "Emberiza sulphurata"
*Black-faced Bunting "Emberiza spodocephala"
*Gray Bunting "Emberiza variabilis"
*Pallas's Bunting "Emberiza pallasi"
*Reed Bunting "Emberiza schoeniclus"
*Corn Bunting "Emberiza calandra"
*American Tree Sparrow "Spizella arborea"
*Chipping Sparrow "Spizella passerina"
*Savannah Sparrow "Passerculus sandwichensis"
*Fox Sparrow "Passerella iliaca"
*White-crowned Sparrow "Zonotrichia leucophrys"
*Golden-crowned Sparrow "Zonotrichia atricapilla"
*Dark-eyed Junco "Junco hyemalis"
*Lapland Longspur "Calcarius lapponicus"
*Snow Bunting "Plectrophenax nivalis"
*McKay's Bunting "Plectrophenax hyperboreus"

Troupials and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Icteridae

The icterids are a group of small to medium, often colourful, passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as the predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red. There are 98 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Russia.

*Rusty Blackbird "Euphagus carolinus"

iskins, Crossbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and 9 primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species worldwide and 33 species which occur in Russia.

*Chaffinch "Fringilla coelebs"
*Brambling "Fringilla montifringilla"
*Plain Mountain-Finch "Leucosticte nemoricola"
*Black-headed Mountain-Finch "Leucosticte brandti"
*Asian Rosy-Finch "Leucosticte arctoa"
*Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch "Leucosticte tephrocotis"
*Pine Grosbeak "Pinicola enucleator"
*Common Rosefinch "Carpodacus erythrinus"
*Pallas's Rosefinch "Carpodacus roseus"
*Red-mantled Rosefinch "Carpodacus rhodochlamys"
*Great Rosefinch "Carpodacus rubicilla"
*Parrot Crossbill "Loxia pytyopsittacus"
*Red Crossbill "Loxia curvirostra"
*White-winged Crossbill "Loxia leucoptera"
*European Greenfinch "Carduelis chloris"
*Common Redpoll "Carduelis flammea"
*Hoary Redpoll "Carduelis hornemanni"
*Eurasian Siskin "Carduelis spinus"
*European Goldfinch "Carduelis carduelis"
*Oriental Greenfinch "Carduelis sinica"
*Twite "Carduelis flavirostris"
*Eurasian Linnet "Carduelis cannabina"
*Fire-fronted Serin "Serinus pusillus"
*European Serin "Serinus serinus"
*Eurasian Bullfinch "Pyrrhula pyrrhula"
*Hawfinch "Coccothraustes coccothraustes"
*Yellow-billed Grosbeak "Eophona migratoria"
*Japanese Grosbeak "Eophona personata"
*White-winged Grosbeak "Mycerobas carnipes"
*Crimson-winged Finch "Rhodopechys sanguinea"
*Mongolian Finch "Rhodopechys mongolica"
*Trumpeter Finch "Bucanetes githaginea"
*Long-tailed Rosefinch "Uragus sibiricus"

parrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae

Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Russia.

*Saxaul Sparrow "Passer ammodendri"
*House Sparrow "Passer domesticus"
*Spanish Sparrow "Passer hispaniolensis"
*Russet Sparrow "Passer rutilans"
*Eurasian Tree Sparrow "Passer montanus"
*Rock Petronia "Petronia petronia"
*Pale Rockfinch "Carpospiza brachydactyla"
*White-winged Snowfinch "Montifringilla nivalis"
*Pere David's Snowfinch "Montifringilla davidiana"

ee also

*List of birds
*Lists of birds by region

References

*cite web
last = Lepage
first = Denis
authorlink =
coauthors =
year =
url = http://www.bsc-eoc.org/avibase/avibase.jsp?region=ru&pg=checklist&list=clements
title = Checklist of birds of Russia
format =
work = Bird Checklists of the World
publisher = Avibase
accessdate = 27 April
accessyear = 2007
*cite book
title=Birds of the World: a Checklist
first= James F.
last = Clements
publisher = Cornell University Press
date = 2000
id = ISBN 0934797161
pages = 880