Ashikaga shogunate

Ashikaga Shogunate 足利幕府 Ashikaga Bakufu

←   ← 1338–1573 →   Mon Capital Kyoto Language(s) Late Middle Japanese Religion Shinbutsu shūgō Government Feudal military dictatorship Emperor  - 1332–1334 Kōgon  - 1557–1586 Ōgimachi Shogun  - 1338–1358 Ashikaga Takauji  - 1568–1573 Ashikaga Yoshiaki History  - Established August 11, 1338  - Surrender of Emperor Go-Kameyama October 15, 1392  - Ōnin War 1467–1477  - Oda Nobunaga captures Kyoto September 2, 1573 Currency Mon The Ashikaga shogunate (足利幕府, Ashikaga bakufu?, 1336–1573), also known as the Muromachi shogunate (室町幕府, Muromachi bakufu?), was a Japanese feudal military regime, ruled by the shoguns of the Ashikaga clan. This period is also known as the Muromachi period and gets its name from Muromachi Street of Kyoto where the third shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu established his residence. This residence is nicknamed "Hana no Gosho" (花の御所) or "Flower Palace" (constructed in 1379) because of the abundance of flowers in its landscaping. Beginning During the preceding Kamakura period (1185–1333), the Hōjō clan enjoyed absolute power in the governing of Japan. This monopoly of power, as well as the lack of a reward of lands after the defeat of Mongol invasion, led to simmering resentment among Hōjō vassals. Finally, in 1333, the Emperor Go-Daigo ordered local governing vassals to oppose Hōjō rule, in favor of Imperial restoration, in the Kemmu Restoration. To counter this revolt, the Kamakura bakufu ordered Ashikaga Takauji to squash the uprising. For reasons that are unclear, possibly because Ashikaga was the de facto leader of the powerless Minamoto clan, while the Hōjō clan were from the Taira clan the Minamoto had previously defeated, Ashikaga turned against the Kamakura bakufu, and fought on behalf of the Imperial court. After the successful overthrow of the Kamakura bakufu in 1336, Ashikaga Takauji set up his own bakufu in Kyoto. North and South Court After Ashikaga Takauji established himself as the Seii Taishogun, a dispute arose with the Emperor Go-Daigo on the subject of how to govern the country. That dispute led Takauji to cause Yutahito, the second son of Emperor Go-Fushimi, to be installed as Emperor Kōmyō. Go-Daigo fled, and the country was divided between a North Court (in favor of Kōmyō and Ashikaga), and a South Court (in favor of Go-Daigo). This period of North and South Courts (Nanboku-chō) continued for 56 years, until 1392, when the South Court gave up during the reign of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. Government Structure Structure of the bakufu In part because Ashikaga Takauji established his shogunate by siding with the Emperor against the previous Kamakura shogunate, the Ashikagas shared more of the governmental authority with the Imperial government than the Kamakura shogunate had. Thus, it was a weaker shogunate than the Kamakura shogunate or the Tokugawa shogunate. The centralized master-vassal system used in the Kamakura system was replaced with the highly de-centralized daimyo (local lord) system, and the military power of the Ashikaga shogunate depended heavily on the loyalty of the daimyo. Foreign relations The Ashikaga shogunate's foreign relations policy choices were played out in evolving contacts with the Joseon Dynasty on the Korean peninsula [1] and with Imperial China.[2] Fall of the Shogunate As the daimyo increasingly feuded among themselves in the pursuit of power in the Ōnin War, that loyalty grew increasingly strained, until it erupted into open warfare in the late Muromachi period, also known as the Sengoku Period. When the shogun Yoshiteru was assassinated in 1565, an ambitious daimyo, Oda Nobunaga, seized the opportunity and installed Yoshiteru's brother Ashikaga Yoshiaki as the 15th Ashikaga shogun. However, Yoshiaki was only a puppet shogun. The Ashikaga shogunate was finally destroyed in 1573 when Nobunaga drove Ashikaga Yoshiaki out of Kyoto. Initially, Yoshiaki fled to Shikoku. Afterwards, Yoshiaki sought and received protection from the Mōri clan in western Japan. Later, Toyotomi Hideyoshi requested that Yoshiaki accept him as an adopted son and the 16th Ashikaga Shogun, but Yoshiaki refused. The Ashikaga family survived the 16th century, and a branch of it became the daimyo family of the Kitsuregawa domain.[3] List of Ashikaga Shoguns Marker for Site of Muromachi Bakufu, Kyoto Ashikaga Takauji, ruled 1338–1358 Ashikaga Yoshiakira, r. 1359–1368 Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, r. 1368–1394 Ashikaga Yoshimochi, r. 1395–1423 Ashikaga Yoshikazu, r. 1423–1425 Ashikaga Yoshinori, r. 1429–1441 Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, r. 1442–1443 Ashikaga Yoshimasa, r. 1449–1473[4] Ashikaga Yoshihisa, r. 1474–1489[4] Ashikaga Yoshitane, r. 1490–1493, 1508–1521[5] Ashikaga Yoshizumi, r. 1494–1508[5] Ashikaga Yoshiharu, r. 1521–1546 Ashikaga Yoshiteru, r. 1546–1565 Ashikaga Yoshihide, r. 1568 Ashikaga Yoshiaki, r. 1568–1573 See also Shogun History of Japan Lists of incumbents Kamakura period Muromachi period Nanboku-chō Ashikaga clan Ashikaga Takauji Ashikaga Yoshimitsu Ashikaga Yoshiteru Japanese missions to Imperial China Notes ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 320–342 at Google Books; Kang, Etsuko H. (1997). Diplomacy and Ideology in Japanese-Korean Relations: from the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Century, p. 275. ^ Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982) Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron, p. 329; Titsingh, pp. 322–324. ^ With the end of the Kitsuregawa line following the death of Ashikaga Atsuuji in 1983, the current de facto head of the family is Ashikaga Yoshihiro, of the Hirashima Kubō line. ^ a b Ackroyd, p. 298; n.b., Shogun Yoshimasa was succeeded by Shogun Yoshihisa (Yoshimasa's natural son), then by Shogun Yoshitane (Yoshimasa's first adopted son), and then by Shogun Yoshizumi (Yoshimasa's second adopted son) ^ a b Ackroyd, p. 385 n104; excerpt, "Some apparent contradictions exist in various versions of the pedigree owing to adoptions and name-changes. Yoshitsuna (sometimes also read Yoshikore) changed his name and was adopted by Yoshitane. Some pedegrees show Yoshitsuna as Yoshizumi's son, and Yoshifuyu as Yoshizumi's son." References Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982) Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron. Brisbane: University of Queensland Press. 10-ISBN 070221485X/13-ISBN 9780702214851; OCLC 7574544 Kang, Etsuko Hae-jin. (1997). Diplomacy and Ideology in Japanese-Korean Relations: from the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Century. Basingstoke, Hampshire; Macmillan. 10-ISBN 0-312-17370-9/13-ISBN 978-0-312-17370-8; OCLC 243874305 Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691. External links Ashikaga Bakufu from Washington State University website Kyoto City Web Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную? Kamakura shogunate Tokugawa shogunate Look at other dictionaries: Ashikaga Yoshinori — (Jp. 足利 義教) (July 12, 1394 ndash; July 12, 1441) was the 6th shogun ( rokudai shogun )JAANUS (Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System). [http://www.aisf.or.jp/ jaanus/deta/k/kitayamabunka.htm Kitayama bunka (北山文化).] ] of the Ashikaga… …   Wikipedia Ashikaga Yoshimitsu — was the 3rd shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1368 to 1394 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshimitsu was the son of the second shogun Ashikaga Yoshiakira. [Titsingh, Isaac. (1834).… …   Wikipedia Ashikaga Takauji — was the founder and 1st shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate. His rule began in 1338, beginning the Muromachi period of Japan, and ended with his death in 1358. He was a descendant of the samurai of the (Minamoto) Seiwa Genji line, descended from… …   Wikipedia Ashikaga Yoshimasa — was the 8th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1449 to 1473 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshimasa was the son of the sixth shogun Ashikaga Yoshinori.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [http://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ… …   Wikipedia Ashikaga Yoshiaki — was the 15th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate in Japan who reigned from 1568 to 1573.Ackroyd, p. 332.] His father, Ashikaga Yoshiharu was the twelfth shogun, and his brother, Ashikaga Yoshiteru was the thirteenth shogun. [Titsingh, Isaac. (1834)… …   Wikipedia shogunate — /shoh geuh nit, nayt /, n. 1. the office or rule of a shogun. 2. a government controlled by shoguns. [1870 75; SHOGUN + ATE3] * * * ▪ Japanese history Japanese  Bakufu,  or  Shōgunshoku,         government of the shogun, or hereditary military… …   Universalium Ashikaga Yoshiakira — was the 2nd shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1358 to 1367 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshiakira was the son of the founder and first shogun of the Muromachi shogunate, Ashikaga Takauji.He spent his childhood in… …   Wikipedia Ashikaga Yoshitane — also known as Ashikaga Yoshimura, was the 10th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who headed the shogunate first from 1490 to 1493 [Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 361 362.] and then again from 1508 to 1521 during the… …   Wikipedia Ashikaga Yoshimochi — was the 4th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1394 to 1423 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshimochi was the son of the third shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834).… …   Wikipedia Ashikaga clan (Fujiwara) — The nihongo|Ashikaga clan|足利氏| shi was a branch family of the Japanese Fujiwara clan of court nobles, more specifically Fujiwara no Hidesato of the Northern Fujiwara branch. The clan was a powerful force in the Kantō region during the Heian… …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”