Emperor Kōmyō

Emperor Kōmyō

Emperor Kōmyō (光明天皇 "Kōmyō Tennō") (January 11, 1322 – July 26, 1380) was the second of the Ashikaga Pretenders, although he was actually the first to be supported by the Ashikaga Bakufu. According to pre-Meiji scholars, his reign spanned the years from 1336 through 1348. [Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). "Annales des empereurs du japon," pp. 294-295.]

Genealogy

His personal name was Yutahito (豊仁).Second son of Emperor Go-Fushimi. His mother was ?? (寧子), the daughter of Saionji Kinhira (西園寺公衡)

Life

He claimed the throne from September 20, 1336 to November 18, 1348.

When Ashikaga Takauji, rebelling against Emperor Go-Daigo's Kemmu Restoration, entered Kyōto in 1336, Go-Daigo fled to Enryakuji on Mount Hiei. Despite lacking the sacred treasures, Prince Yutahito was enthroned as emperor, beginning the Northern Court. On the 12th day, 21st day, Go-Daigo escaped to Yoshino, founding the Southern Court.

On November 18, 1348, he abdicated in favor of the eldest son of his older brother, the former claimant to the throne Emperor Kōgon, who became the Northern Pretender Emperor Sukō.

In 1352, taking advantage of the Kan'ō Disturbance, a family feud in the Ashikaga clan, the Southern Emperor Emperor Go-Murakami entered Kyoto, capturing it and carrying away Kōmyō along with Emperor Kōgon and Emperor Sukō and the Crown Prince.

In the Shōhei Reunification, Kōmyō and his companions were placed under house arrest in Yamato Province, in what is today the village of Nishiyoshino, Yoshino District, Nara. In 1355, returning to Kyōto, he entered a monastery. He died July 26, 1380.

Eras of Emperor Kōmyō's reign

The years of Kōmyō's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or "nengō". [Titsingh, p. 294.]

:"Nanboku-chō" Northern court
*Eras as reckoned by pretender Court (as determined by Meiji rescript)
* "Kemmu" (continued)
* "Ryakuō"
* "Kōei"
* "Jōwa"

:"Nanboku-chō" Southern court
*Eras as reckoned by legitimate Court (as determined by Meiji rescript)
* "Engen"
* "Kōkoku"
* "Shōhei"

outhern Court Rivals

*Emperor Go-Daigo
*Emperor Go-Murakami

References

* Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652] , "Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth." Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [http://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran --"Two copies of this rare book have now been made available online: (1) from the library of the University of Michigan, digitized January 30, 2007; and (2) from the library of Stanford University, digitized June 23, 2006." Click here to read the original text in French.]

ee also

* Emperor Go-Kōmyō


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