- Miriam Rothschild
-
Miriam Louisa Rothschild 
Born 5 August 1908
Ashton, East Northamptonshire, England, UKDied 20 January 2005 (aged 96) Nationality British Fields Entomology, botany Known for Research on fleas Dame Miriam Louisa Rothschild DBE, FRS (5 August 1908 — 20 January 2005)[1] was a British natural scientist and author with contributions to zoology, entomology, and botany.
Contents
Early life
Miriam Rothschild was born in 1908 in Ashton Wold, near Oundle in Northamptonshire, the daughter of Charles Rothschild of the Rothschild family of Jewish bankers and Rozsika Edle Rothschild (née von Wertheimstein), a Hungarian sportswoman. Her brother was Victor Rothschild, 3rd Baron Rothschild and one of her sisters (Kathleen Annie) Pannonica Rothschild (Baroness Nica de Koenigswarter) would later be a bebop jazz enthusiast and patroness of Thelonious Monk and Charlie Parker.
Her father had described about 500 new species of fleas, and her uncle Lionel Walter Rothschild had built a private natural history museum at Tring. By the age of four she had started collecting ladybird beetles and caterpillars and taking a tame quail to bed with her. World War I broke on the eve of Miriam's sixth birthday in 1914, while the Rothschilds were holidaying in Austro-Hungary. They hurried home on the first westward train but, unable to pay, had to borrow money from a Hungarian passenger who commented "This is the proudest moment of my life. Never did I think that I should be asked to lend money to a Rothschild!" Her father died when she was 15 and she became closer to her uncle. She was educated at home until the age of 17, when she demanded to go to school. She thence attended evening classes in zoology at Chelsea College of Science and Technology.[citation needed]
1930s-1940s
During the 1930s she made a name for herself at the Marine Biological Station in Plymouth, studying the mollusc Nucula and its trematode parasites (Rothschild 1936, 1938a, 1938b). Because of her inherited wealth, she never had to apply for any grants or funding. As a result of this and her lack of formal education—all her doctorates were honorary—she would always be an "amateur".
Prior to World War II, she pressed the UK Government to admit more German Jews as refugees from Nazi Germany. During the war, she worked at Bletchley Park on codebreaking.[2]
Personal life
She married Captain George Lane, MC in 1943.[3] The marriage was dissolved in 1957. They had six children: two sons and four daughters.
Science and entomology
Rothschild was a leading authority on fleas. She was the first person to work out the flea's jumping mechanism. She also studied the flea's reproductive cycle and linked this, in rabbits, to the hormonal changes within the host. Her New Naturalist book on parasitism (Fleas, Flukes and Cuckoos) was a huge success. Its title can be explained as: external parasites (e.g. fleas), internal parasites (e.g. flukes) and others (the cuckoo is a 'brood parasite'). The Rothschild Collection of Fleas (founded by Charles Rothschild) is now part of the Natural History Museum collection, and her catalogue of the collection (in collaboration with G. H. E. Hopkins) is a master-work.[citation needed]
Rothshild was a member of the Oxford genetics school during the 1960s, where she met E.B. Ford. She was one of the few women with whom Ford was on good terms and she campaigned with Ford for the legalisation of homosexuality.[4]
Rothschild authored books about her father (Rothschild's Reserves – time and fragile nature) and her uncle (Dear Lord Rothschild). She wrote about 350 papers on entomology, zoology and other subjects.
She founded the Schizophrenia Research Fund in 1962, an independent registered charity formed “to advance the better understanding, prevention, treatment and cure of all forms of mental illness and in particular of the illness known as Schizophrenia”. In March 2006, following her death, the name of the Fund was changed in her memory to the Miriam Rothschild Schizophrenia Research Fund.[5] The pioneer of British Art Therapy, Edward Adamson and his partner and collaborator, John Timlin, were regular visitors to Ashton Wold. Between 1983 and 1997, the influential Adamson Collection of 6000 works of art by people with major mental disorder, created at Netherne Hospital with Adamson’s encouragement, was housed and displayed to the public in a medieval barn at Ashton. Rothschild was both a Trustee and, subsequently, Patron of the Adamson Collection Trust. "All my life," she said, "I have tilted against hopeless windmills".[6]
Awards/honours
Rothschild was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1985 and was made a Dame in 2000. She received honorary doctorates from eight universities, including Oxford and Cambridge. She gave the Romanes Lecture for 1984–5 in Oxford.
Quote
- "I must say, I find everything interesting."[2]
Publications by Miriam Rothschild
Books
- Rothschild, Miriam and Clay, Theresa (1953) Fleas, Flukes and Cuckoos: a study of bird parasites. The New Naturalist series. London: Collins
- Hopkins, G. H. E. and Rothschild, Miriam (1953–81) An Illustrated Catalogue to the Rothschild Collection of Fleas 6 volumes (4to.) London: British Museum (Natural History)[7]
- Rothschild, Miriam (1983) Dear Lord Rothschild: birds, butterflies and history. London: Hutchinson (ISBN 0-86689-019-X)
- Rothschild, Miriam and Farrell, Clive (1985) The Butterfly Gardener. London: Michael Joseph
- Rothschild, Miriam (1986) Animals and Man: the Romanes lecture for 1984-5 delivered in Oxford on 5 February 1985. Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Rothschild, Miriam et al. (1986) Colour Atlas of Insect Tissues via the Flea. London: Wolfe
- Rothschild, Miriam (1991) Butterfly Cooing Like a Dove. London: Doubleday
- Stebbing-Allen, George; Woodcock, Martin; Lings, Stephen and Rothschild, Miriam (1994) A Diversity of Birds: a personal voyage of discovery. London: Headstart (ISBN 1-85944-000-2)
- Rothschild, Miriam and Marren, Peter (1997) Rothschild's Reserves: time & fragile nature. London: Harley (ISBN 0-946589-62-3)
- Rothschild, Miriam; Garton, Kate; De Rothschild, Lionel & Lawson, Andrew (1997) The Rothschild Gardens: a family tribute to nature. London: Abrams
- Van Emden, Helmut F. and Rothschild, Miriam (eds.) (2004) Insect and Bird Interactions Andover, Hampshire: Intercept (ISBN 1-898298-92-0)
Papers
- Rothschild, M. (1936) Gigantism and variation inf Peringia ulvae Pennant 1777, caused by infection with larval trematodes. J. Mar. Biol. Assn UK 20, 537-46
- Rothschild, M. (1938)a. Further observations on the effect of trematode parasites on Peringia ulvae (Pennant) 1777. Novavit Zool. 41, 84-102
- Rothschild, M. (1938)b. Observations on the growth and trematode infections of Peringia ulvae (Pennant) 1777 in a pool in the Tamar saltings, Plymouth [where published?]
- [many more]
References
- ^ Van Emden, H. F.; Gurdon, J. (2006). "Dame Miriam Louisa Rothschild. 5 August 1908 -- 20 January 2005: Elected FRS 1985". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 52: 315. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2006.0022.
- ^ a b David McCullough. Brave Companions. Portraits in History. Simon & Schuster, 1992. p. 166ff. ISBN 0-671-79276-8.
- ^ "Colonel George Lane". The Daily Telegraph (London). 26 March 2010. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/military-obituaries/special-forces-obituaries/7528727/Colonel-George-Lane.html. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
- ^ "Dame Miriam Rothschild, obituary". Oundle Chronicle (The). http://www.oundlechronicle.com/articles/features/197. Retrieved 2007-05-06.
- ^ http://www.srf-uk.com/
- ^ Marren, P. (2005). Obituary: Dame Miriam Rothschild. Expert on fleas and energetic campaigner for nature conservation. The Independent, Saturday, 22 January 2005
- ^ "Rothschild (Charles) Collection of Fleas". http://copac.ac.uk/wzgw?id=0904183d82cbcfd37123eef961c8c7c5dd57a1&rsn=2&esn=F&f=u&rn=8. Retrieved 2009-04-18.
External links
- "A Tribute to Miriam Rothschild: Entomologist Extraordinaire, Essays of an Information Scientist, Vol.7, pp.120-127, 1984". Garfield Library, University of Pennsylvania. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v7p120y1984.pdf.
- Elliott, Francis; Haynes, Deborah. "Obituary of Miriam Rothschild". London: The Times, 22 January 2005. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,60-1450821_1,00.html. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
- Tucker, Anthony; Gryn, Naomi (22 January 2005). "Obituary of Miriam Rothschild". London: The Guardian, 22 January 2005. http://www.guardian.co.uk/obituaries/story/0,,1396000,00.html. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
- "Obituary of Miriam Rothschild". The Independent, 22 January 2005. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20050122/ai_n9693026.
- "Obituary of Miriam Rothschild". London: Daily Telegraph, 24 January 2005. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/01/24/db2401.xml. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
- "Obituary of Miriam Rothschild". Associated Press via the International Herald Tribune, 25 January 2005. http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/01/25/news/obits.php.
Categories:- 1908 births
- 2005 deaths
- Alumni of King's College London
- Daughters of barons
- English Jews
- English naturalists
- English entomologists
- English botanists
- English biologists
- English garden writers
- Fellows of the Royal Entomological Society of London
- Female Fellows of the Royal Society
- Rothschild family
- People associated with Bletchley Park
- Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire
- People from Oundle
- Jewish scientists
- Women biologists
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