Mennonite Central Committee

Mennonite Central Committee logo.

The Mennonite Central Committee (MCC) is a relief, service, and peace agency representing 15 Mennonite, Brethren in Christ and Amish bodies in North America. The U.S. headquarters are in Akron, Pennsylvania, the Canadian in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

History

MCC was founded in Chicago, Illinois, and held its first meeting on September 27, 1920.^[1] Its original goal was to provide food for Mennonites starving in Ukraine. MCC soon realized that it could not help only their Mennonite brothers and sisters and began to help anyone in need. MCC (Canada) was founded in 1963.

Mennonite Civilian Public Service worker Harry Lantz distributes rat poison for typhus control in Gulfport, Mississippi.

The initial work of MCC focused on:^[2]

1920-1925: famine work in Ukraine.

1925-1930: inactive

1930-1937: colonization of Russian Mennonite and Bruderhof refugees^[3] in Paraguay and Brazil.

1939-present: relief work; initially in Poland, then (1940) England and France.

1941-1947: administration of Civilian Public Service (CPS) as part of National Service Board for Religious Objectors.

1950s: administration of 1-W service, the replacement of CPS, for draftees classified as conscientious objectors.

Famine in Ukraine

Mennonites of Molotschna sent a commission to North America in the summer of 1920 to alert American Mennonites of the dire conditions of war-torn Ukraine. Their plight succeeded in uniting various branches of Mennonites to form Mennonite Central Committee in an effort to aid these Russian Mennonites. P. C. Hiebert of the Mennonite Brethren Church initially chaired the organization, with secretary Levi Mumaw of the (Old) Mennonite Church and attorney Maxwell Kratz of the General Conference Mennonite Church. Other Mennonite conferences joined later.

The new organization planned to provide aid to Ukraine via existing Mennonite relief work in Istanbul. The Istanbul group, mainly Goshen College graduates, produced three volunteers, who at great risk entered Ukraine during the ongoing Russian Civil War. They arrived in the Mennonite village of Halbstadt just as General Wrangel of the White Army was retreating. Two of the volunteers withdrew with the Wrangel army, while Clayton Kratz, who remained in Halbstadt (Molotschna) as it was overrun by the Red Army, was never heard from again.

A year passed before official permission was received from the Soviet government to do relief work among the villages of Ukraine. Kitchens provided 25,000 people a day with rations over a period of three years beginning in 1922, with a peak of 40,000 servings during August of that year. Fifty Fordson tractor and plow combinations were sent to Mennonite villages to replace horses that had been stolen and confiscated during the war. The cost of this relief effort was $1.2 million.^[4]

Voluntary Service

As Civilian Public Service was winding down in 1946, MCC began exploring a peace-time service program that would continue the types of projects performed by CPS. The new program, Voluntary Service, had several aims.^[5] It would provide young people a way to voluntarily perform Christian service for up to a year as a means of testifying more widely to the gospel and its way of love and nonresistance. Projects were to help alleviate human need in a culturally sensitive manner. The program would be an internship in Christian service, developing the workers' service motivation, witness and religious conviction. It would provide Mennonite young people an opportunity to express appreciation for the material blessings, religious and other national liberties and to contribute to the well-being of the nation. Finally, it was hoped that some individuals would decide to devote their careers to full-time ministry or missionary service.

The first Voluntary Service unit started during the summer of 1946 in association with the CPS unit at Gulfport, Mississippi .

Activities

Akron, Pennsylvania, headquarters, August 1982.

MCC was an early proponent of fair trade through its Ten Thousand Villages program.

Funds for MCC's worldwide relief and service projects are raised through independent Mennonite relief sales. Around 45 sales are held throughout the United States and Canada, raising US$5 million annually.^[6] Many of these sales feature quilts handmade by Mennonite and Amish volunteers, auctions, artwork, crafted woodwork, homemade foods, antiques, crafts, plants, children's activities, and musical programs. Most of the goods and labor are donated, and 78.2% of the funds raised go directly into the field.

MCC focuses its development efforts in areas such as health, education, peace and justice, and fair trade. It responds to disaster situations, as well as focusing its efforts on the longer-term issues of economic and social policy.

MCC maintains offices in both Washington, D.C.,^[7] and Ottawa to advocate to the American and Canadian federal governments, respectively.

Peacemaking

MCC also takes an active role in advocating for peace both in North America and around the world, seeking "to be a witness against forces that contribute to poverty, injustice and violence."^[8] In North America, MCC established the Mennonite Conciliation Service (MCS) in 1979 to encourage Mennonites and others to actively pursue peaceful resolution of conflicts. MCS was a pioneer in the burgeoning field of conflict resolution in the 1980s and director Ronald S. Kraybill led early mediation workshops in Northern Ireland which eventually led to the establishment of the Northern Ireland Mediation Network. John Paul Lederach took over MCS in 1989 when Kraybill moved on to South Africa, and in the years following, MCC moved active peace building into the forefront of its work abroad.

Responding in part to the establishment of active Mennonite-led peace centers that had emerged in the 80s and 90s, such as the Conflict Transformation Program at Eastern Mennonite University, the Lombard Mennonite Peace Center in Lombard, Illinois, a group of peace builders at Fresno Pacific University, the Peace and Justice Network of the Mennonite Church and other activities, MCS was discontinued in 2004. But the Peace Office of MCC continues to advocate peace interests broadly in the US and in MCC programming abroad. Internationally, MCC partners with local organizations to reduce violence in the aftermath of conflict or war.

Perhaps one of MCC's more controversial activities is in advocating military exemption or alternative service for conscientious objectors in times of war. MCC runs a "conscientious objector registry" in Canada, taking statements from Canadians in the hope that they will be recognized by the Canadian government should the government restart drafting citizens into the military.

Affiliated organizations

• Calgary Mennonite Center for Newcomers
• Mennonite Church USA Archives
• Mennonite Disaster Service

See also

• More-with-Less Cookbook

Notes

1. ^ Gingerich p. 16.
2. ^ Gingerich p. 17.
3. ^ Christensen & Levinson, Karen & David. Encyclopedia of community: from the village to the virtual world, Volume 3. Sage Publications. http://books.google.com/books?id=t1geOjQ6R0MC&pg=PA105&lpg=PA105&dq=bruderhof+mennonite+central+committee#v=onepage&q=bruderhof%20mennonite%20central%20committee&f=false. Retrieved 2011-04-28. 
4. ^ Smith, p. 320.
5. ^ MCC Headquarters Letter, No. 90, November 1946 as quoted by Haury pp. 13-14.
6. ^ http://mcc.org/about/annualreport
7. ^ MCC Washington Office
8. ^ Integrating peacemaking into relief, development and service

References

• Gingerich, Melvin (1949), Service for Peace, A History of Mennonite Civilian Public Service, Mennonite Central Committee.
• Haury, David A. (1979), The Quiet Demonstration: The Mennonite Mission in Gulfport, Mississippi, Faith and Life Press.
• Smith, C. Henry (1981). Smith's Story of the Mennonites. Newton, Kansas: Faith and Life Press. pp. 316–320. ISBN 0-87303-069-9. 

External links

• Official Web Site
• Mennonite Central Committee in Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online