Shutout

Not to be confused with Penalty shootout.

In team sports, a shutout (a clean sheet in association football) refers to a game in which one team prevents the opposing team from scoring. While possible in most major sports, they are highly improbable in some sports, such as basketball.^[1]

Shutouts are usually seen as a result of effective defensive play even though a weak opposing offense may be as much to blame. Some sports credit individual players, particularly goalkeepers and starting pitchers, with shutouts and keep track of them as statistics; others do not.

Baseball

Main article: Shutouts in baseball

In Major League Baseball, a shutout (denoted statistically as ShO or SHO^[2]) refers to the act by which a single pitcher pitches a complete game and does not allow the opposing team to score a run. If two or more pitchers combine to complete this act, no pitcher will be awarded a shutout, although the team itself can be said to have “shut out” the opposing team.

The all-time career leader in shutouts is Walter Johnson, who pitched for the Washington Senators from 1907–1927. He accumulated 110 shutouts,^[3] which is 20 more than second placed Grover Cleveland Alexander.^[4] The most shutouts recorded in one season was 16, which was a feat accomplished by both Grover Alexander (1916) and George Bradley (1876).^[5] These records are considered among the most secure records in baseball, as pitchers today rarely earn more than one or two shutouts per season with a heavy emphasis on pitch count and relief pitching. Complete games themselves have also become rare among starting pitchers. The current active leader in shutouts is Roy Halladay of the Philadelphia Phillies. Pitching in his thirteenth season, he has accumulated only 19 shutouts, which ranks him as tied for 288th among the all-time leaders in shutouts.^[6][7] Only four pitchers whose entire careers were in the post-1920 live-ball era threw as many as 60 career shutouts, with Warren Spahn leading those pitchers with 63.^[8]

Ice hockey

In ice hockey, a shutout (SO) is credited to a goaltender who successfully stops the other team from scoring during the entire game. A shutout may be shared between two goaltenders, but will not be listed in either of their individual statistics. The record holder for most regular-season career shutouts in the National Hockey League is Martin Brodeur with 116 (see the all-time regular season shutout leaders). The modern-day record for a team being shut out in a season is held by the Columbus Blue Jackets at sixteen, during the 2006-2007 NHL season.

In the event a shutout happens while using several goaltenders, the shutout will be credited to the team who shut out the opponent; however, no single goaltender will be awarded the shutout. It has happened several times in NHL history, including:

• During the 1982-83 Washington Capitals season, the Washington Capitals and their goalies Al Jensen and Pat Riggin had shared a shutout.
• December 8, 2001: the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim won 4-0 over the Minnesota Wild with Jean-Sébastien Giguère and later, Steve Shields keeping the net.
• November 23, 2006: the Nashville Predators won 6-0 over the Vancouver Canucks with Tomas Vokoun who left the game injured. He was replaced by Chris Mason who completed the job.
• December 12, 2007: the Ottawa Senators won 6-0 over the Carolina Hurricanes with Ray Emery who left the game injured after making one save. He was replaced by Martin Gerber who finished off the other 31 saves.
• December 1, 2009: the Toronto Maple Leafs won 3-0 over the Montreal Canadiens with Jonas Gustavsson who left the game after the first period because of heart problems. He was replaced by Joey MacDonald who played the last two periods.
• February 2, 2011: the Pittsburgh Penguins won 3-0 over the New York Islanders with Brent Johnson who left the game after instigating a fight with Islanders' goalie Rick DiPietro with 17 seconds left in the third period. Johnson was replaced by goaltender Marc-Andre Fleury. ^[9]

Association football

In association football, a shutout is known as a clean sheet outside of North America. It can be attributed to the whole team, the defence or just the goalkeeper when they play an entire match without conceding a goal.

The term first appeared in the 1930s. Sports reporters of the era used separate pieces of paper to record the different statistical details of a game. If one team did not allow a goal, then that team's "details of goals conceded" page would appear blank, leaving a clean sheet. Because association football is a relatively low-scoring game, it is common for one team, or even both teams, to score no goals.

American football

A shutout in American football is a fairly uncommon occurrence. Keeping an opponent scoreless in American Football requires a team's defense to be able to consistently shut down both pass and run offenses over the course of a game. The difficulty of completing a shutout is further compounded by the relatively numerous ways a team can score in the game. For example, teams can easily (and often do) attempt field goals, which have a high rate of success. The range of NFL caliber kickers makes it easy for a team with an incompetent offense to get within fifty yards of the goalposts and attempt a kick. In the 2000s there were 79 shutouts in 1,168 regular-season games, for an average of only one shutout for every 15 games.

Shelbyville Tennessee's Bedford County Training School Fighting Tigers recorded 52 consecutive shutouts from 1942 to 1949, a record for an American high school football team. The second longest streak is 18.^[10][3]

Rugby

Shutouts are not common in either rugby union or rugby league, but they do happen. In fact, the 2005 Gillette Rugby League Tri-Nations final was the first time that Australia had been 'nilled' since 1981.^{[citation needed]}

The term "shutout" is not in common usage in European sport, and thus is not applied to European rugby, and there is no alternative term for the occurrence of a team achieving a no score, except to say that the team scored "nil". For example, the December 2006 Magners League match between Munster and Connacht ended 13–0 to Munster;^[11] it was, therefore, said that Munster won "thirteen-nil."

Generally, a defensively well-disciplined team, as well as behaviourally (thereby not giving away penalty kicks), is most likely to not give away scores. Although this will also occur if there is a significant gulf in class between the two teams, for example, when Scotland beat Spain (who were playing in their only Rugby World Cup) 48–0 in the 1999 Rugby World Cup,^[12] or when Australia beat Namibia 142–0 in the 2003 Rugby World Cup.

References

1. ^ Horn, Barry. "Academy Basketball Coach Sees a Win in 100-0 loss". dallasnews.com. January 22, 2009.
2. ^ MLB.com (2010). "Baseball Basics: Abbreviations". http://mlb.mlb.com/mlb/official_info/baseball_basics/abbreviations.jsp. Retrieved July 5, 2010. 
3. ^ Sports Reference LLC (2010). "Walter Johnson at Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/players/j/johnswa01.shtml. Retrieved July 5, 2010. 
4. ^ Sports Reference LLC (2010). "Pete Alexander at Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/players/a/alexape01.shtml. Retrieved July 5, 2010. 
5. ^ Sports Reference LLC (2010). "Yearly League Leaders & Records for Shutouts". http://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/SHO_leagues.shtml. Retrieved July 5, 2010. 
6. ^ MLB.com (2010). "Roy Halladay at MLB.com". http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=136880. Retrieved July 5, 2010. 
7. ^ Sports Reference LLC (2010). "Career Leaders & Records for Shutouts". http://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/SHO_career.shtml. Retrieved July 5, 2010. 
8. ^ "Career Leaders & Records for Shutouts". Baseball-Reference.com. http://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/SHO_career.shtml. Retrieved April 17, 2011. 
9. ^ http://newyork.sbnation.com/new-york-islanders/2011/2/4/1975273/islanders-news-rick-dipietro-injured-for-4-6-weeks
10. ^ [1]
11. ^ "Munster 13-0 Connacht". BBC News. 2006-12-03. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/my_club/munster/6204514.stm. Retrieved 2010-03-26. 
12. ^ [2]

External links

• Football (soccer) clean sheet statistics