Lake Singkarak

Singkarak
Lake Singkarak and the Ombilin river circa 1900
Location	West Sumatra, Indonesia
Coordinates	0°37′12″S 100°32′24″E / 0.62°S 100.54°E / -0.62; 100.54Coordinates: 0°37′12″S 100°32′24″E / 0.62°S 100.54°E / -0.62; 100.54
Lake type	Tectonic
Primary inflows	Sumani River
Primary outflows	Ombilin River, Anai River
Basin countries	Indonesia
Surface area	107.8 km²
Average depth	149 m [1]
Max. depth	268 m
Water volume	16.1 km³
Surface elevation	362 m

Lake Singkarak (Indonesian: Danau Singkarak) is a lake in West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is located between the cities of Padang Panjang and Solok. It has an area of 107.8 km², being approximately 21 km long and 7 km wide. The natural outlet for excess water is the Ombilin river which flows eastward to the Strait of Malacca. A hydroelectric project however has diverted most of the lake outflow to the Anai river which flows westward into the Indian Ocean near Padang. This Singkarak power station uses this water to generate power for the West Sumatra and Riau provinces. A species of fish called ikan bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) is endemic to the lake, and is harvested for human consumption. A railway line, which connects Padang and Sawahlunto-Sijunjung, skirts the length of the lake on the eastern side.

Painting of Lake Singkarak in 1901

See also

• List of lakes of Indonesia

References

• (PDF) Impact evaluation study of Asian Development Bank assistance to the power sector. Asian Development Bank. 2003. http://adb.org/Documents/IES/Power_INO/IES_INO_2003_13.pdf. Retrieved 2006-12-24. 
• (PDF) Special evaluation study on the social and environmental impacts of selected hydropower projects. Asian Development Bank. 1999. http://www.asiandevbank.org/Documents/PERs/SS-36.pdf. Retrieved 2006-12-24. 
• Farida, et al. (2005) (PDF). Rapid Hydrological Appraisal (RHA) of Singkarak Lake in the context of Rewarding Upland Poor for Environmental Services (RUPES). World Agroforestry Centre. http://www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/sea/Networks/RUPES/download/Annual_Reports/Appendices2005/Appendix4-2_RHA_Singkarak_Report.pdf. Retrieved 2006-12-24. 
• Rupes Project Team. (2006) (PDF). Linking rewards and governance to effects of land use on environmental services at the scale of the lake. World Agroforestry Centre. http://www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/sea/Networks/RUPES/download/SiteProfiles/RUPES-Singkarak_FINAL.pdf. Retrieved 2006-12-24. 
• Kevin Jeanes, et al. (2006) (PDF). Rapid Hydrological Appraisal in the context of environmental service rewards. World Agroforestry Centre. http://www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/sea/Publications/currentpub.asp?publishid=1438. Retrieved 2006-12-24. 

1. ^ Mean depth calculated as volume / surface area.