Ninawa Governorate

Ninawa Governorate
—  Governorate  —
Coordinates: 36°0′N 42°28′E / 36°N 42.467°E / 36; 42.467Coordinates: 36°0′N 42°28′E / 36°N 42.467°E / 36; 42.467
Country	Iraq
Capital	Mosul
Area
- Total	37,323 km2 (14,410.5 sq mi)
Population (2003)
- Total	2,453,000
Main language(s)	Arabic Kurdish Neo-Aramaic Shabaki Turkmen

Ninawa (Arabic: نینوى Nīnawā‎, Kurdish: Neynewa, Syriac-Aramaic: ܢܝܢܘܐ Nīnwē) is a governorate (province) in northern Iraq, and the Arabic name for the biblical city of Nineveh in Assyria. It has an area of 37,323 square kilometres (14,410 sq mi) and an estimated population of 2,453,000 people in 2003. Its chief city and provincial capital is Mosul, which lies across the Tigris river from the ruins of ancient Nineveh. Tal Afar is also a major city within the region. Prior to 1976, it was called Mosul Province and also included the present-day Dohuk Governorate.

Its two main cities endured the 2003 Invasion of Iraq and emerged relatively unscathed. In 2004, however, Mosul and Tal Afar were the scenes of fierce battles between US-led troops and the Iraqi insurgency. The insurgents had moved to Ninawa after the Battle of Fallujah in 2004.

After the US invasion in 2003, the military government of the province was led initially by (then Lieutenant General) David Petraeus as commander of the 101st Airborne Division and later by BG Carter Ham as commander of the multi-national brigade for northern Iraq. During the American occupation, the civil government was ledden by the head of the local office of the Coalition Provisional Authority Herro Mustafa, a US Foreign Service Officer and former Kurdish refugee to the United States. She administered the province through her nominees on the provincial council and in particular various members of the Kashmoula family. In June 2004, Osama Kashmoula became the interim Governor of the province and in September of the same year he was assassinated en route to Baghdad. He was succeeded as interim Governor by Duraid Kashmoula, who was elected Governor in January 2005.

Demographics

Ninawa Governorate is multiethnic. There are significant numbers of Arabs, indigenous Assyrians, Kurds, and Yazidis, both in towns and cities, and in their own specific villages and regions. There are also numbers of Shabaks, Turkmen, Mandeans, and Armenians.

In terms of religion, the majority of Kurds, Arabs are Sunni Muslim while Turkmen are mostly Shi'ite, Assyrians and Armenians are exclusively Christian, and Yazidis, Shabaks and Mandeans following their own religious beliefs.

The main languages spoken are Arabic, Neo-Aramaic, Kurdish, South Azeri, Shabaki, and Armenian.

Provincial politics

Provincial elections

Since no real census has been taken for decades, the election results are the only indicator of the province's ethnic distribution, although it should be noted that many Assyrians and Yazidis claim that ballot papers were denied them, and in addition, many members of ethnic groups voted for mainstream parties,or ethnic parties that were attached to mainstream Arab or Kurdish led parties.^[1]

2005 December

• Sunni Arab Group, 324,518 (47%)
• Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan, 156,476 (19%)
• Allawi's Multi-ethnic Group, 91,661 (11%)
• Sunni/Assyrian Group, 81,976 (10%)
• Shia Arab Group, 61,083 (7%)
• Yezidi Group, 18,618 (1%)
• Assyrian Group, 12,323 (1%)

2005 January

• Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan, 42,000
• Shia Group, 23,000
• Sunni Group, 56,000
• Allawi's Multi-ethnic Group, 21,000
• Assyrian Group, 3,500
• Yezidi Group, 3,200
• Turkman Group, 1,800

Proposed Assyrian Autonomous Region

Main article: Nineveh Plains

Many Assyrians leaders are pressing for an autonomous region in Nineveh. The plan has not been taken seriously by national Iraqi leaders, but has a strong proponent in Kurdistan Regional Government Minister of Finance Sarkis Aghajan, himself an Assyrian and a prominent figure in the Kurdish government. Minister Sarkis has claimed that the autonomous region he envisions would stretch from the Syrian border to the north at Fishkabor to Hamdaniyah. He says it will have its own parliament, executive council, constitution, budget, logo, and flag.^[2]

Districts

• Akra
• Al-Ba'aj
• Al-Hamdaniya
• Al-Hadar
• Mosul
• Al-Shekhan
• Sinjar
• Tall Afar
• Tel Kaif

Note that Shekan and Akra is currently under the Kurdistan Regional Government control, as Mosul has no control over these two districts.^{[citation needed]}

See also

• List of churches and monasteries in Nineveh

References

1. ^ Iraqi Community in San Diego California: Discussion of the 2005 Iraqi Election, Ankawa.com
2. ^ "Demanding full autonomy". iraqupdates.com. 2009-01-30. http://www.iraqupdates.com/p_articles.php/article/37286. Retrieved 01-10-2008. 

See also

• Ninawa governorate council election, 2005
• Nineveh
• Nineveh plains
• List of churches and monasteries in Nineveh
• Iraq Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit Reports, Maps and Assessments of Iraq from the UN Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit