Omalanthus populifolius

Bleeding Heart
Bleeding Heart - senescent leaf
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Malpighiales
Family:	Euphorbiaceae
Genus:	Omalanthus
Species:	O. populifolius
Binomial name
Omalanthus populifolius Robert Graham (botanist)
Synonyms
Homalanthus populifolius Omalanthus nutans Amalanthus populifolius

Omalanthus populifolius, the Bleeding Heart or Queensland poplar, is an Australian rainforest plant. It often appears in areas of rainforest disturbance. Bleeding Heart is highly regarded by rainforest regenerators because of its fast growth and use as a pioneer species in rainforest regeneration.

Bleeding Heart grows from the coastal border of New South Wales and Victoria (36° S), north to Coen, Queensland (13° S) in the tropics. It is also found in Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island, New Guinea and Indonesia, and has been widely planted elsewhere.

Description

A small tree or shrub, up to 8 metres tall and 15 cm in diameter.

The trunk is cylindrical with greyish brown bark, fairly smooth but with some bumps and irregularities. Branchlets appear thick, reddish or green. The leaves are triangular, not toothed and alternate. 5 to 15 cm long. The leaves turn red when senescent, hence the common name of Bleeding Heart.

Flowers are yellow green to red, 2 to 10 cm long. Appearing on racemes mostly in the months of September to December. The fruit matures from December to March, being a two lobed capsule with an oily yellow aril. The seeds germinate quickly when the warmth of direct sunlight is available. However, as with many pioneer species, the seeds of the Bleeding Heart have a long dormancy period.

The fruit is eaten by a variety of birds, including Brown Cuckoo Dove, Silvereye and Lewin's Honeyeater.

Uses

The small size and decorative red leaves make this an attractive garden plant. However, its characteristics as a pioneer species also make it a good invader in disturbed areas. It is regarded as an invasive species in southern Africa^[1], Hawaii^[2] and New Zealand

underside of leaves and flower raceme, Chatswood West, Australia

References

• Floyd, A.G., Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia, Inkata Press 1989, ISBN 0-909605-57-2

1. ^ FAO report: Status of Invasive Tree Species in Southern Africa
2. ^ Homalanthus populifolius (Euphorbiaceae): HEAR Species Info