- Amlaíb mac Gofraid (died 941)
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For other people named Amlaíb mac Gofraid, see Olaf Guthfrithson.
Amlaíb mac Gofraid (or Olaf Guthfrithsson) (Old Norse: Óláfr Guðrøðarson; Old English: Ánláf,[1] Modern English: Olaf Guthfrithson) (died 941), a member of the Norse-Gael Uí Ímair dynasty, was King of Dublin from 934 to 941. Gofraid ua Ímair, his father, held both Dublin and York until Athelstan of England expelled him from York in 927.
Amlaíb married the daughter of Causantín mac Áeda. He also allied himself with Owen I of Strathclyde. In 937, Amlaíb led his allies into battle against Athelstan, king of England, in the Battle of Brunanburh and was decisively defeated.
After Athelstan's death in 939, Olaf again invaded York the same year, forcing Athelstan's successor, Edmund, into a treaty which ceded to Amlaíb Northumbria and part of Mercia. Uniquely, the legend of his silver penny minted at York (illustration, right) is not in Latin or Old English but in Old Norse; the bird emblem perhaps represents the raven associated with the battle-god Odin.[2] He did not get to enjoy his new lands for long, dying just two years later in 941. He was succeeded by Amlaíb Cuarán.
Cammán mac Amlaíb, who is possibly identical to Sitriuc Cam, has been identified as one of the sons of Amlaíb mac Gofraid.
See also
- Amlaíb Cenncairech
- History of the English penny (c. 600–1066)
Notes
- ^ Amlaíb's patronymic does not appear in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle; his presumed brother Ragnall or Rægenald is called "Guðferþes sunu" (Ms. A, s.a. 944)
- ^ Noted in Richard Hall, Viking Age Archaeology 1995:25 and fig. 9.
References
- The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001. [1]
Amlaíb mac Gofraid (died 941)House of IvarRegnal titles Preceded by
Gofraid ua ÍmairKing of Dublin
934–941Succeeded by
BlácairePreceded by
AthelstanKing of Northumbria
939–941Succeeded by
Amlaíb CuaránPreceded by
GofraidKing of the Fair and the Dark Foreigners
934–941Succeeded by
title extinctMonarchs of Northumbria Æthelfrith (Bernicia and Deira) · Edwin (Deira and Bernicia) · Eanfrith (Bernicia) · Osric (Deira) · Oswald · Oswine (Deira) · Oswiu · Œthelwald (Deira) · Alhfrith (Deira) · Ælfwine (Deira) · Ecgfrith · Aldfrith · Eadwulf I · Osred I · Coenred · Osric · Ceolwulf · Eadberht · Oswulf · Æthelwald Moll · Alhred · Æthelred I · Ælfwald I · Osred II · Æthelred I (again) · Osbald · Eardwulf · Ælfwald II · Eardwulf (again) · Eanred · Æthelred II · Rædwulf · Æthelred II (again) · Osberht · Ælla · Ecgberht I · Ricsige · Ecgberht II · Guðroðr · Sigfroðr · Knútr · Æthelwold · Hálfdan and Eowils · Eadwulf II · Ealdred · Ragnall ua Ímair · Sihtric Cáech · Æthelstan of Wessex · Amlaíb mac Gofraid · Amlaíb Cuarán · Ragnall mac Gofraid · Eadmund of Wessex · Eric · Amlaíb Cuarán (again) · Eric (again) · Eadred of Wessex
Kings of Dublin Turgesius (839–845) • Amlaíb (853–871) • Auisle (joint, 863–867) • Ímar (871–873) • Oistin (873–875) • Albdann (875–877) • Bárid (877–881) • Mac Auisle (881–883) • Sitriuc (883–888) • Sichfrith (888–893) • Sichfrith Jarl (893–894) • Ímar ua Ímair (896–902) • Norsemen driven out of Dublin until 917 • Sihtric Cáech (917–921) • Gofraid (921–934) • Amlaíb mac Gofraid (934–941) • Blácaire (941–945) • Gofraid mac Sitriuc (945–950) • Amlaíb Cuarán (950–980) • Glúniairn (980–989) • Ímar or Sigtrygg Silkbeard (989–993) • Ímar (994–995) • Sigtrygg Silkbeard (995–1036) • Echmarcach (1036–1038) • Ímar mac Arailt (1038–1046) • Echmarcach (1046–1052) • Murchad mac Diarmata (1052–1070) • Diarmait (1070–1072) • Gofraid (1072–1075) • Muirchertach (1075–1086) • Enna and Donnchad (1086–1089) • Godred Crovan (1089–1094) • Domnall (1094–1102) • Domnall (1103–11??) • Donnchad (11??–1115) • Diarmat mac Enna (1115–1117) • Enna (1118–1126) • Conchobair (1126–1127) • Thorkell (1133) • Conchobair Ua Briain (1141–1142) • Ottir (1142–1148) • Ragnall (11??–1146) • Brotar (1148–1160) • Ascall (1160–1171)
Rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles Uí Ímair Gofraidh^ · Ivar the Boneless* · Amlaíb Conung · Amlaíb mac Gofraid* · Amlaíb Cuarán · Maccus mac Arailt · Gofraid mac Arailt · Ragnall mac Gofraid · Amlaíb mac Sitriuc · Echmarcach mac Ragnaill* · Godred Sitricson · Fingal Godredson ·
Earls of Orkney,
vassals of the
Kings of Norway etc.Ketill Flatnose* · Gilli · Sigurd the Stout · Håkon Eiriksson · Thorfinn the Mighty · Magnus Barelegs · Sigurd Magnusson · Óspakr Ögmundsson ·
Uí Ceinnselaig and Uí Briain Crovan dynasty Crovan dynasty -
Mann and the North IslesRagnald Haraldsson · Raghnall mac Gofraidh · Olaf the Black · Gofraid Donn** · Harald Olafsson · Ragnall Olafsson · Harald Godredsson · Magnus Olafsson ·
Clann Somhairle,
Clan Macruari and
Clan MacDougall -
South IslesDubgall mac Somairle · Raghnall mac Somhairle · Donnchadh mac Dubhghaill · Dubgall "Screech" mac Dubgaill · Somairle mac Dubgaill · Ruaidhri mac Raghnaill · Eóghan of Argyll · Dubhghall mac Ruaidhri ·
^ Father of Amlaíb Conung * Speculative ** North Isles onlyCategories:- 941 deaths
- Monarchs of Dublin
- Monarchs of Jorvik
- 10th-century rulers in Europe
- People from County Dublin
- Uí Ímair
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