Maria, Queen of Sicily

Maria
Queen of Sicily
Reign	27 July 1377–25 May 1401
Coronation	1377, Palermo
Predecessor	Frederick III
Successor	Martin I
Co-Ruler	Martin I
Spouse	Martin I
Issue
Infante Peter
House	House of Barcelona
Father	Frederick III the Simple
Mother	Constance of Aragon
Born	2 July 1363(1363-07-02) Catania, Kingdom of Sicily
Died	25 May 1401(1401-05-25) (aged 37) Lentini, Kingdom of Sicily
Burial	Cathedral of St Agatha, Catania, Kingdom of Sicily
Religion	Roman Catholicism

Maria of Sicily (2 July 1363 – 25 May 1401) was Queen of Sicily and Duchess of Athens and Neopatria from 1377 until her death.

Born in Catania, she was the daughter and heir of Frederick III "The Simple" by his first wife Constance of Aragon.

As she was very young at the time of her father's death in 1377, her government was effectively taken over by four baronial families who styled themselves "vicars".

The regent named by Maria's father, Artale Alagona, was initially forced to form a government with other three Vicars, including Francesco II Ventimiglia, count of Manfredi III Chiaramonte, count of Modica, and Guglielmo Peralta, count of Caltabellotta, with a parity of exponents of the "Italian" and "Aragonese" parties. However, the four men ruled in their separate baronal lands alone. In 1379 she was kidnapped by count William Raymond of Montcada, Sicilian nobleman and member of the Aragonese House of Montcada, to prevent her marriage with Giangaleazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan, and imprisoned for two years at Licata. Montcada's move had been approved by King Peter IV of Aragon. In 1382 Maria was rescued by an Aragonese fleet; she was taken first to Sardinia, then, in 1384, to Aragon, where she was married to Martin "The Younger", the grandson of Peter IV (1389).

In 1392 Maria and the two Martins returned with a military force and successfully defeated the opposing barons, ruling jointly until Maria's death in 1401. At that time, Martin repudiated the Treaty of 1372 and ruled Sicily alone. She also survived their only son, Peter (1398 – 1400). The kingdom remained without a crown prince and it caused a succession crisis for Martin, who ruled by right of his wife. According to the last will of Frederick III, he named his illegitimate son, William of Aragon, Count of Malta as heir presumptive in this case of the extinction of his daughter's line and although William died in c. 1380, he had a daughter, Joan of Aragon, wife of a Sicilain noble man, Pietro di Gioeni, but she cannot have contested the claim of her aunt's husband and Martin's claim was confirmed and he continued to rule until his death.

Maria of Sicily died at Lentini in 1401.

Ancestry

References

• Lo Forte Scirpo, Maria Rita (2003). C'era una volta una regina...: due donne per un regno: Maria d'Aragona e Bianca di Navarra. Naples: Liguori. ISBN 882 073 527 X. 

External links

• http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SICILY.htm#_Toc163556389
• http://www.mittelalter-genealogie.de/mittelalter/koenige/sizilien/maria_koenigin_1402.html

Maria, Queen of Sicily House of Aragon Cadet branch of the House of Barcelona Born: 2 July 1363 Died: 25 May 1401
Regnal titles
Preceded by Frederick III	Queen of Sicily 1377–1401 With: Martin I	Succeeded by Martin I
	Duchess of Athens 1377–1388 With: Peter IV of Aragon	Succeeded by Nerio I Acciaioli
	Duchess of Neopatria 1377–1388 With: Peter IV of Aragon

Persondata
Name	Maria Of Sicily
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	2 July 1363
Place of birth	Catania, Kingdom of Sicily
Date of death	25 May 1401
Place of death	Lentini, Kingdom of Sicily