SandForce

SandForce
SandForce
Type Private
Industry Solid State Storage
Founded 2006
Founder(s) Alex Naqvi and Rado Danilak
Headquarters Milpitas, California, U.S.
Area served Worldwide
Key people Michael Raam, CEO
Products Solid-state drive controller
Employees 125
Website www.sandforce.com

SandForce is an American "fabless" semiconductor company based in Milpitas, California, that designs and manufactures flash memory controllers for solid-state drives (SSDs).[1] On October 26th 2011 it was acquired by LSI Corporation.

SandForce was founded in 2006 by Alex Naqvi and Rado Danilak, who brought with them a mix of related technology experience to the startup company. In April 2009, they announced their entrance into the quickly-expanding solid-state drive market.[2][3]

SandForce does not sell complete solid-state drives, but rather sells their flash memory controllers, or "SSD processors", to partners who then build and sell complete SSDs to manufacturers, corporations, and end-users.[4] The key component of any SSD is actually the controller, upon which SandForce focuses.[5] Zsolt Kerekes, an SSD Market Analyst and publisher of StorageSearch.com, has stated that SandForce is the best-known maker of SSD controllers.[6]

Contents

History

Alex Naqvi and Rado Danilak had accumulated considerable semiconductor experience from companies including Marvell, Intel, NVIDIA, Toshiba, and SanDisk when they started SandForce.[1] At the end of 2009 there were approximately 100 employees at SandForce working on their SSD controllers.[7]

SandForce was initially financed by private equity firms Storm Ventures, Doll Capital Management (DCM), and unnamed leading storage firms.[2] By April 2009 SandForce had taken in more than $20 million in two venture rounds.[3] In November that same year they closed a series C funding round of $21 million led by TransLink Capital and included LSI, A-DATA, and other Tier-1 storage OEMs, including Seagate.[7] Finally in October 2010, SandForce closed a series D round of $25 million led by Canaan Partners and included the existing investors.[8]

The board of directors includes Carl Amdahl (General Partner at DCM and son of Gene Amdahl), Ryan Floyd (General Partner at Storm Ventures), S. "Sundi" Sundaresh (former President and CEO of Adaptec), Jackie Yang (Managing Director at TransLink Capital), and Eric Young (General Partner and co-founder at Canaan Partners). C.S. Park, a current Seagate board member and also a former chief executive at Maxtor and former chief executive at Hynix was also on the board until sometime before mid 2011.[3][9]

Sandforce announced being acquired by LSI Corporation on October 26th, 2011.

Technology

SandForce SSD Processor used in solid-state drives.

The major message behind SandForce is that the inexpensive MLC flash memory can be used in an enterprise computing environment with a 5-year expected life.[4] At the time the company emerged from stealth mode, other solid-state drives in the enterprise were using the more expensive SLC flash memory.[2][10] SandForce also works with multiple flash memory manufacturers to increase options for their partners so they are not locked into a single flash memory supplier.[4][5]

SandForce gives the name "DuraClass" to the overall technology incorporated in its controllers. SandForce controllers do not use DRAM for caching[1] which reduces cost and complexity compared to most other SSD controllers. SandForce controllers also use a proprietary compression system to minimize the amount of data actually written to non-volatile memory (the "write amplification") which increases speed and lifetime for most data (known as "DuraWrite").[2] SandForce claims to have reduced write amplification to 0.5 on a typical workload.[10] As a byproduct, data that cannot readily be compressed (for example random data, compressed files, or many common audio and video file formats) is slower to write, although this is not typical use. Other features include error detection and correction technology known as "RAISE" (Redundant Array of Independent Silicon Elements)[4] which improves the disk failure rates,[5] and "AES encryption" [2]which works in the background and is completely automatic. It is linked to the BIOS password and encrypts the user data at the full speed of the data as it passes through the controller.[10]

Products

SandForce initially released the SF-1000 family of SSD Processors and split them into enterprise and client computing applications. The SF-1500 is the enterprise focused product and the SF-1200 is the client focused product. Also available are complete reference designs that include the schematics and layout information to build and sell a complete SSD.[11][12] In October 2010, SandForce introduced their second generation SSD controllers called the SF-2000 family with models that are focused on enterprise applications. Key enhancements from the current enterprise product are: SATA 3.0 (6Gb/s), 500MB/s sequential read and write speeds, 60,000 IOPS random read and write speeds, non-512 byte sector support, TCG Enterprise security, AES-256, and ECC protection with up to 55 bits per 512-byte sector.[13][14] The client version of this second generation SSD controller line was introduced in February 2011 with most of the same enhancements seen in the SF-2500 over the first generation products. The SF-2200 provides the same SATA 3.0 (6Gb/s) speeds with sequential read and write operations at 500 MB/s and the random read and write performance is 20,000 IOPS. For the SF-2100 line it supports the older SATA 2.0 (3Gb/s) speeds at 250 MB/s. Both client products support the second generation ECC protection of the enterprise line.[15]

Issues

After the introduction of the SF-2000 series controller, a few customers using drives with that controller reported issues such as BSOD and freezing. In early June 2011, Corsair Memory issued a recall on the 120 GB Force 3 with specific serial numbers, but not on any other Force 3 drive with a SandForce SF-2000 controller, therefore that recall does not appear to be related to the controller.[16] Other manufacturers such as OCZ have sent out firmware updates to address the reported issue, but some users have continued to report the problem. Anand Shimpi, creator and editor of computer product review site Anandtech.com, reported he has seen the issue himself, but notes it has been very difficult to determine the cause and in many drives and systems he has never seen any problems. He noted that SandForce has agreed to send someone to his office to investigate if he could reproduce it.[17]

SandForce Driven

SandForce Driven logo

In May 2010, SandForce introduced the SandForce Driven program. The idea itself is not new. The now famous "Intel Inside" program and the BASF advertising slogan that said "We don't make the things you use, we make the things you use better" are two examples of companies promoting a component inside the end product.[4][11] SandForce created a logo that partners can display on the SSD or their advertising to indicate a SandForce controller is inside.[18][19] As of June 2011 there are 30 companies who are members of the SandForce Driven program.[20]

SSDs

Not every company listed in the table participates in the SandForce Driven program, but they do identify the controller in the SSD is from SandForce.

Company Products Controller Capacities (GB) (MLC/SLC)
ADATA Technology S599[21][22] SF-1200 40/60/120/240 (MLC)
S511[21][23] SF-2200 60/120/240/480 (MLC)
AMP Inc. SATAsphere[21][24] SF-1500 25/50/100/200 (SLC)
50/100/200/400 (MLC)
Bay Bridge[21][25] SF-1500 25/50/100 (SLC)
50/100/200 (MLC)
Angelbird Crest SSD[21][26] SF-1222 60/115/240 (MLC)
Apacer Technology Inc. Turbo II Series-AS602[21][27] SF-1200 60/120/240 (MLC)
ATP Electronics Velocity M-IV[21][28] SF-2000 60/120/240/480 (MLC)
Velocity SI Pro[21][28] SF-2000 30/60/120/240 (SLC)
Codisk Codragon[21][29] SF-1200 32 - 256 (MLC)
Corsair Force[21][30] SF-1200 40/60/90/120/180/240 (MLC)
Force 3[21][30] SF-2200 60/90/120/180/240/480 (MLC)
Force GT[21][30] SF-2200 60/90/120/180/240/480 (MLC)
extrememory XLR8 Plus[21][31] SF-1200 60/120/240/480 (MLC)
G.Skill Phoenix[21][32] SF-1200 60/100/120/240 (MLC)
Phoenix Pro[21][32] SF-1200 40/60/80/120/160/240 (MLC)
GWMedium Co. GWM 2.5" SATA II SSD[21][33] SF-1200 60~240 (TBD)
LSI Corporation SSS6200[34] TBD TBD
MX-Tech Co. MX-DS[21][35] SF-1200 40/50/60/100/120
200/240/400/480 (MLC)
Mushkin, Inc. Callisto[21][36] SF-1200 60/120/240 (MLC)
Callisto Deluxe[21][36] SF-1200 40/60/120/240 (MLC)
Chronos[21][36] SF-2200 60/120/240 (MLC)
Chronos Deluxe[21][36] SF-2200 60/120/240 (MLC)
OCZ Inc. Agility 2[21][37] SF-1200 40/50/100/200/400 (MLC)
Extended 60/90/120/180/240/480 (MLC)
Agility 3[21][38] SF-2200 60/90/120/240 (MLC)
Extended 60/90/120/180/240/480 (MLC)
Onyx 2[21][39] SF-1200 120/140 (MLC)
RevoDrive[21][40] SF-1222
(x2)		 50/80/120/180/240/360/480 (MLC)
Solid[21][41] SF-2200 60/120 (MLC)
Vertex 2[21][42] SF-1200 40/50/100/200/400 (MLC)
Extended 60/90/120/180/240/480 (MLC)
Vertex 2 Pro[21][43] SF-1500 50/100/200/400 (MLC)
Vertex 2 EX[21][44] SF-1500 50/100/200 (SLC)
Vertex 3[21][45] SF-2200 120/240/480 (MLC)
Vertex 3 Max IOPS[21][45] SF-2200 120/240 (MLC)
Z-Drive R4 C-Series[46] SF-2281
(x4 or x8)		 300/600/800/1200/1600/3200 (MLC)
Z-Drive R4 R-Series[47] SF-2582
(x4 or x8)		 300/600/800/1200/1600/3200 (MLC)
OWC Mercury Extreme Pro[21][48] SF-1200 40/60/120/240/480 (MLC)
Mercury Extreme Pro RE[21][49] SF-1200 50/100/200/400 (MLC)
Mercury Legacy Pro[21][50] SF-1200 40/60/120/240 (MLC)
Patriot Memory Inferno[21][51] SF-1200 60/100/120/200/240 (MLC)
PhotoFast PowerDrive PCI Express[52] SF-1200 240/480/960 (MLC)
Pretech P4000[21][53] TBA 32/64/128/256
Sandisk Ultra[21][54] SF-2200 120-240 (MLC)
Silicon Power Velox series V20[21][55] SF-1xxx 40/60/120/240
SMART Modular XceedIOPS (1.8")[21][56] SF-1500 50/100/200 (eMLC)
XceedIOPS (2.5")[21][56] SF-1500 50/100/200/400 (eMLC)
Solidata K8 Series (2.5")[21][57] SF-1200 60/120/240 (MLC)
SS Series (2.5")[21][57] SF-1500 50/100/200 (MLC)
SC Series (2.5")[21][57] SF-1200 60 (SLC)
SC-P Series (2.5")[21][57] SF-1500 50/100 (SLC)
SM8 (SATA Mini PCI-e)[21][58] SF-1200 25/60/120/240 (MLC)
N8 (1.8" Micro SATA)[21][59] SF-1200 25/60/120/240 (MLC)
Soligen Corp. Spartan[21][60] SF-1200 64 (SLC)
128/256 (MLC)
Elite Enterprise[21][61] SF-1500 64/128/256 (MLC)
Flashbridge[21][62] SF-1200 128/256 (MLC)
Flashbridge Enterprise[21][63] SF-1500 64/128 (SLC)
128/256 (MLC)
Super Talent Technology FT2 (2.5")[21][64] SF-1500 50/100/200/400 (MLC/SLC)
FT (2.5")[21][64] SF-1200 50/100/200/400 (MLC/SLC)
CT (2.5")[21][64] SF-1200 60/120/240/480 (MLC/SLC)
Team Group Inc. Xtreem-S1[21][65] SF-1200 60/120/240 (MLC)
Unigen Corp. Orion 1200 (2.5")[21][66] SF-1200 25/50 (SLC)
100/120/200/240/400/480 (MLC)
Orion 1500 (2.5")[21][66] SF-1500 100/200 (SLC)
100/200/400 (MLC)
100/200/400 (eMLC)
Orion 1500 SAS (2.5")[21][67] SF-1500 50/100/200 (SLC)
50/100/200/400 (MLC)
50/100/200/400 (eMLC)
Orion 297 (MO-297)[21][66] TBD 25/50 (SLC)
30/60/120 (MLC)
Viking Modular Solutions SATADIMM[21][68] SF-1200
SF-1500		 25 to 200 (SLC)
50 to 400 (MLC/eMLC)
Element 2.5” SATA SSD[21] N/A 25/50/100/200 (SLC)
50/100/200/400 (MLC/eMLC)
Element 2.5” SAS SSD[21] N/A 50/100/200 (SLC)
100/200/400 (eMLC)
Element Slim SATA SSD (MO-297)[21] N/A 25/60 (SLC)
25/60/120 (MLC/eMLC)
Embedded SATA Cube3[21] N/A 4 to 256

Systems

In December 2010, SandForce announced the expansion of the SandForce Driven program to include system manufacturers naming Eurocom as the first member in that category. The system manufacturer offers configurations that include SSDs which include SandForce controllers.[69]

Company Products
Eurocom Many[70]

SandForce Trusted

SandForce Trusted logo

After the success of the SandForce Driven program, SandForce created the SandForce Trusted program in January 2011, which identifies approved vendors that provide equipment, tools, and services compatible with SandForce SSD Processors. It is a form of Approved Vendor List that helps SSD OEMs and manufacturers get a higher level of service and support from the companies on the SandForce Trusted list. Each member company ensures that their products and/or services fully support SandForce SSD Processors and provides response to SandForce customer inquiries within 24 hours. SandForce created a new SandForce Trusted logo which member companies use in their advertising and promotional materials.[71]

Company
Calypso Systems[72]
DriveSavers[72][73]
Granite River Labs[72][74]
LeCroy[72]
OakGate Technology[72]
Serial Cables[72]
SerialTek[72][75]
ULINK Technology[72]

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External links


v · d · eSolid-state drives
Key terminology
Encryption · ECC · Flash file system · Flash memory - SLC/MLC · Flash memory controller · Garbage collection · IOPS · MB/s · Over-provisioning · Secure erase · TRIM command · Wear leveling · Write amplification
Flash manufacturers
Hynix · Intel · Micron · Samsung · Toshiba
Controllers
Independent
Indilinx · JMicron · Marvell · Phison · SandForce
Captive
Fusion-io · Intel · Samsung · STEC
SSD Manufacturers
List of solid-state drive manufacturers
Interfaces
SATA · SAS · FC · USB · PCIe · NVM Express
Related organizations

INCITS  · JEDEC/JC-64.8  · NVMHCI  · SATA-IO  · SFF Committee  · SNIA  · SSSI  · T10/SCSI  · T11/FC  · T13/ATA
Category Category

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