Cherdyn, Perm Krai

For other places with the same name, see Cherdyn.

Coordinates: 60°24′6″N 56°28′46″E / 60.40167°N 56.47944°E / 60.40167; 56.47944

View of Cherdyn in 1912

Cherdyn (Russian: Че́рдынь; Komi: Чердін, Čerdin) is a town and the administrative center of Cherdynsky District of Perm Krai, Russia. Population: 4,920 (2010 Census preliminary results);^[1] 5,756 (2002 Census);^[2] 6,535 (1989 Census).^[3]

The Kolva River flows by the town.

Local authorities advertise Cherdyn to tourists as the capital of the ancient Principality of Great Perm.^[4][5] This information is based on an 1835 study by the Swedish historian A.M. Strinnholm^[6] and one in 1815 by the famous Russian author Nikolay Karamzin.^[7] Strinnholm mentioned that the last trip of Scandinavian Vikings to Bjarmia (aka the Great Perm) happened in 1222. Four well-equipped ships of Haakon IV of Norway burned Bjarmian towns to the ground.

After that, the fur trade between the Great Perm and Western Europe was possible via only the Russian Novgorod Republic, which became a suzerain of all the Northern Russia. After the centralization of Russian principalities by the Grand Dukes of Moscow, the princes of Perm, who already had Russian names, became their vassals as well as answering to Novgorod. Great Perm–Cherdyn supplied a great deal of silver paid as tribute of Moscow, which in turn paid the Golden Horde. Tension between Moscow and Novgorod led to a war of 1471, after which the defeated Novgorod Republic was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow. The next year (1472) Cherdyn, Pokcha, and all other towns of Great Perm also became the prizes of conquest. The main fort of the Muscovites was built in Pokcha, another town located 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) to the north of Cherdyn). It was burned by indigenous tribes in the beginning of the 16th century.

Cherdyn, as well as all of Perm, was still governed by the dynasty of local Great Perm princes until 1505. After that, the Tsar sent a governor from Moscow, and he chose Cherdyn as his residence. In 1535, Cherdyn was granted town rights, but following the Russian conquest of Siberia, the town quickly lost its significance.

In the twentieth century, Cherdyn was notable where the poet Osip Mandelstam's was sentenced to internal exile with his wife Nadezhda in 1934, by the government of Joseph Stalin.

References

1. ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2010). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25. 
2. ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23. 
3. ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23. 
4. ^ "Article on Great Perm"
5. ^ "Article on Cherdyn"
6. ^ A.M. Strinnholm. Svenska folkets historia fran aldesta till narvarande tider, 1835.
7. ^ N.M. Karamzin, History of the Russian State, 1815.

Bibliography

• Brumfield, William. Cherdyn: Architectural Heritage in Photographs, (Moscow: Tri Kvadrata, 2007) ISBN 9785946070744 (in English and in Russian)

External links

• Guide to Cherdyn