Charter of the Arab League

Arab League
This article is part of the series: Life in the Arab League
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	It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Member states of the Arab League and Enlargement of the Arab League to Arab League. (Discuss) Proposed since August 2011.

The Charter of the Arab League endorsed the principle of an Arab homeland while respecting the sovereignty of the individual member states. The internal regulations of the Council of the Arab League and the committees were agreed in October 1951. Those of the Secretariat-General were agreed in May 1953.

Since then, governance of the Arab League has been based on the duality of supra-national institutions and the sovereignty of the member states. Preservation of individual statehood derived its strengths from the natural preference of ruling elites to maintain their power and independence in decision making. Moreover, the fear of the richer that the poorer may share their wealth in the name of Arab nationalism, the feuds among Arab rulers, and the influence of external powers that might oppose Arab unity can be seen as obstacles towards a deeper integration of the league.

The Arab League is divided into 22 ruling governments, the Arab League Members have Monarchies, Republics and constitutional monarchies, though Somalia and Libya are considered under another form of Governments. Another Government that has a special status is Palestine, represented by Palestinian Authority headed by Mahmoud Abbas.

Forms of government

Arab League governments

The member states of the Arab League represent all forms of government, including monarchies, both absolute and constitutional, republics and, in the case of Libya, a "revolutionary" jamahiriya (Arabic: جماهيرية‎) (an untranslatable term related to the Arabic word for republic).

Name	Constitutional form	Head of state	Basis of executive legitimacy
Algeria	Republic	Executive	Presidency is independent of legislature
Bahrain	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Comoros	Republic	Executive	Presidency is independent of legislature
Djibouti	Republic	Executive	Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Egypt	Republic	Executive	Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Iraq	Republic	Ceremonial	Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Jordan	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Kuwait	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Lebanon	Republic	Executive	Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Libya	Republic	Executive	Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Mauritania	Republic	Executive	Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Morocco	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Oman	Absolute monarchy	Executive	All authority vested in absolute monarch
Qatar	Absolute monarchy	Executive	All authority vested in absolute monarch
Saudi Arabia	Absolute monarchy	Executive	All authority vested in absolute monarch
Somalia	Republic	Executive	Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Sudan	Republic	Executive	Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Syria	Republic	Executive	Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Tunisia	Republic	Executive	Presidency is independent of legislature
United Arab Emirates	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Yemen	Republic	Executive	Presidency is independent of legislature

Autonomous entities

Arab Governorates/Provinces

Officially Iraqi Kurdistan is the only Autonomous Entity in the Arab League, but several countries view Palestine as an Autonomous Entity within Israel, the Palestinian Authority within Israel exercises certain sovereign powers within its borders, but is not a fully independent government.^{[citation needed]} The PA-administrated territories are internationally recognized as occupied by Israel, and not a proper part of that country. The Arab League on the other hand recognizes the State of Palestine as a fully independent State, with Jerusalem as its capital, and Embassies in all of the 20 other Members (Excluding Somalia).

Anti-terrorism agreement

On April 22, 1998, the members of the Arab League agreed to the first regional anti-terrorism pact. The agreement calls on Arab countries to deny refuge, training and financial or military support to groups that launch attacks on other Arab nations. The signatories also promised to exchange information on terrorist groups. The Agreement Exempts organizations that are seen as "resistance movements", while includes anti-regime organizations as Terrorists, the treaty says attacks on ruling Arab regimes or the families of rulers should be considered terrorism and that Islam rejects “all forms of violence and terror.”

Arab League Parliament

See Arab Parliament

in the 2001 Arab League Summit that was held in Amman, the Arab states agreed on creating an Arab Parliament, headquartered in Damascus, although the Arab League capital is Cairo, Damascus has offered the Land of the Building in Damascus by Hafez al-Assad, the building is currently under construction, and expected to be finished by 2010, the sessions are currently taking place in the Arab League Headquarters in Cairo

Proposed Arab Court of Justice

Following the Calls of Arresting the Sudanese president, an Arab League Proposal of creating an Arab Court of Justice has been increasing, and supported by several Arab States, and international Bodies, including the UN, The UN claimed that the Court will help in ceasing the tensions between the West and the Arabs, especially following the execution of Saddam Hussein's Arab outrage, that the Execution was made under Western Supervision rather than an Arab one, the court is proposed after the calls of no Interference in the Arab Inner Affairs by the Arab public, and civil society. The court will be under the authority of the Arab League.

References

External links

• Arab League