January 30

Events

*1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain.
*1649 - King Charles I of England is beheaded.
*1661 - Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England is ritually executed after having been dead for two years.
*1790 - The first boat specializing as a lifeboat is tested on the River Tyne.
*1806 - The original Lower Trenton Bridge (also called the Trenton Makes the World Takes Bridge), which spans the Delaware River between Morrisville, Pennsylvania and Trenton, New Jersey, is opened.
*1820 - Edward Bransfield sights the Trinity Peninsula and claims the discovery of Antarctica.
*1826 - The Menai Suspension Bridge, considered the world's first modern suspension bridge, connecting the Isle of Anglesey to the north West coast of Wales is opened.
*1835 - In the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States, Richard Lawrence attempts to shoot president Andrew Jackson.
*1841 - A fire destroys two-thirds of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
*1847 - Yerba Buena, California is renamed San Francisco.
*1858 - The first Hallé concert is given in Manchester, England, marking the official founding of the Hallé Orchestra as a full-time, professional orchestra.
*1862 - The first American ironclad warship, the USS|Monitor is launched.
*1889 - Archduke Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian crown, is found dead with his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera in Mayerling.
*1911 - The destroyer USS|Terry|DD-25 makes the first airplane rescue at sea saving the life of James McCurdy 10 miles from Havana, Cuba.
* 1911 - The Canadian Naval Service becomes the Royal Canadian Navy.
*1913 - The United Kingdom's House of Lords rejects the Irish Home Rule Bill.
*1925 - The Government of Turkey throws Patriarch Constantine VI out of Istanbul.
*1930 - The world's first radiosonde is launched in Pavlovsk, USSR.
*1933 - Adolf Hitler is sworn in as Chancellor of Germany.
*1943 - World War II: Second day of the Battle of Rennell Island. TheUSS|Chicago|CA-29 is sunk and a U.S. destroyer is heavily damaged by Japanese torpedoes.
* 1943 - Holocaust in Letychiv, Ukraine: The Nazi Gestapo commences mass shootings of Jews from Letychiv Ghetto. 200 surviving Jews from Letychiv slave labor camp are ordered to undress and are shot with a machine-gun into a ravine. Some 7,000 Jews were murdered in Letychiv.
*1944 - World War II: United States troops land on Majuro.
*1945 - The "Wilhelm Gustloff", overfilled with refugees, sinks in the Baltic Sea after being torpedoed by a Soviet submarine, leading to the deadliest maritime disaster in known history, killing roughly 9,000 people.
*1945 - World War II: Raid at Cabanatuan: 126 American Rangers and Filipino resistance liberate 500 prisoners from the Cabanatuan POW camp.
*1945 - World War II: Hitler gives his last ever public address, a radio address on the 12th anniversary of his coming to power. (A subsequent address on February 24 was not read by Hitler.)
*1948 - Indian pacifist and leader Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is assassinated by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist.
*1956 - American civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr.'s home is bombed in retaliation for the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
*1960 - The African National Party is founded in Chad, through the merger of traditionalist parties.
*1962 - Two of the high-wire Flying Wallendas are killed when their seven-person pyramid collapses during a performance in Detroit, Michigan.
*1964 - Ranger program: Ranger 6 is launched.
*1968 - Vietnam War: The Tet Offensive begins when Viet Cong forces launch a series of surprise attacks in South Vietnam.
*1969 - The Beatles' last public performance, on the roof of Apple Records in London. The impromptu concert is broken up by the police.
*1972 - Bloody Sunday: British Paratroopers kill fourteen civil rights/anti internment marchers in Northern Ireland.
* 1972 - Pakistan withdraws from the Commonwealth of Nations.
*1976 - George H. W. Bush becomes the 11th director of the CIA.
*1979 - Varig 707-323C freighter, flown by the same commander as Flight 820, disappears over the Pacific Ocean 30 minutes after taking off from Tokyo.
*1982 - Richard Skrenta writes the first PC virus code, which is 400 lines long and disguised as an Apple boot program called "Elk Cloner".
*1989 - The American embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan closes.
*1994 - Péter Lékó becomes the youngest chess grand master.
*1995 - Workers from the National Institutes of Health announce the success of clinical trials testing the first preventive treatment for sickle-cell disease.
*1996 - Gino Gallagher, the suspected leader of the Irish National Liberation Army, is killed while waiting in line for his unemployment benefit.
* 1996 - Comet Hyakutake is discovered by Japanese amateur astronomer Yuji Hyakutake.
*2000 - Off the coast of Ivory Coast, Kenya Airways Flight 431 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean, killing 169.
*2003 - Belgium legally recognizes same-sex marriage.

Births

* 133 - Marcus Severus Didius Julianus, Roman Emperor (d. 193)
*1505 - Thomas Tallis, English composer (d. 1585)
*1563 - Franciscus Gomarus, Dutch theologian (d. 1641)
*1615 - Thomas Rolfe, American colonial settler and only child of Pocahontas and John Rolfe (d. 1675)
*1661 - Charles Rollin, French historian (d. 1741)
*1687 - Johann Balthasar Neumann, German architect (d. 1753)
*1697 - Johann Joachim Quantz, German flautist and composer (d. 1773)
*1720 - Charles De Geer, Swedish industrialist and entomologist (d. 1778)
*1754 - John Lansing, Jr., American statesman (d. 1829)
*1781 - Adelbert von Chamisso, German writer (d. 1838)
*1816 - Nathaniel Prentice Banks, 24th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1894)
*1822 - Franz Ritter von Hauer, Austrian geologist (d. 1899)
*1832 - Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier (d. 1897)
*1841 - Félix Faure, 6th President of the French Third Republic (d. 1899)
*1859 - Tony Mullane, Irish-born American baseball player (d. 1944)
*1861 - Charles Martin Loeffler, German-born composer (d. 1935)
*1873 - Georges Ricard-Cordingley, painter (d. 1939)
*1878 - Anton Hansen Tammsaare, Estonian author (d. 1940)
*1882 - Franklin D. Roosevelt, 32nd President of the United States (d. 1945)
*1889 - Jaishankar Prasad, Hindi poet, dramatist and novelist (d. 1937)
*1894 - Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria (d. 1943)
*1899 - Max Theiler, South African virologist, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1972)
*1901 - Rudolf Caracciola, German race car driver (d. 1959)
*1902 - Nikolaus Pevsner, German-born art historian (d. 1983)
*1910 - C Subramaniam, Indian politician (d. 2000)
*1911 - Roy Eldridge, American musician (d. 1989)
* 1912 - Werner Hartmann, German physicist (d. 1988)
* 1912 - Francis Schaeffer, American Evangelical theologian and pastor (d. 1984)
* 1912 - Barbara W. Tuchman, American historian (d. 1989)
*1913 - Percy Thrower, British Television Gardener (d. 1988)
*1914 - John Ireland, Canadian actor (d. 1992)
* 1914 - David Wayne, American actor (d. 1995)
*1915 - Joachim Peiper, German SS officer (d. 1976, by assassination)
* 1915 - John Profumo, British cabinet minister (d. 2006)
*1917 - Paul Frère, Belgian racing driver and motorsport journalist d. 2008)
*1918 - David Opatoshu, American television actor (d. 1996)
*1919 - Nikolay Glazkov, Russian poet (d. 1979)
*1920 - Carwood Lipton, American WWII veteran (d. 2001)
* 1920 - Delbert Mann, American film director
*1922 - Dick Martin, American comedian
*1924 - Lloyd Alexander, American writer (d. 2007)
*1925 - Douglas Engelbart, American computer scientist
* 1925 - Dorothy Malone, American actress
*1927 - Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1986)
*1928 - Hal Prince, American stage producer and director
*1929 - Lucille Teasdale-Corti, Canadian surgeon and international aid worker (d. 1996)
*1930 - Sandy Amorós, Cuban baseball player (d. 1992)
* 1930 - Samuel J. Byck, American attempted assassin of Richard Nixon (d. 1974)
* 1930 - Gene Hackman, American actor
* 1930 - Magnus Malan, South African politician
*1931 - John Crosbie, Canadian politician
* 1931 - Allan W. Eckert, American historian, naturalist, and author
* 1931 - Shirley Hazzard, Australian-born author
*1932 - Knock Yokoyama, Japanese comedian and politician
*1933 - Louis Rukeyser, American journalist (d. 2006)
*1935 - Richard Brautigan, American writer and poet (d. 1984)
*1936 - F. Vernon Boozer, American politician
* 1936 - Patrick Caulfield, British painter and printmaker (d. 2005)
* 1936 - Horst Jankowski, German popular pianist (d. 1998)
*1937 - Ed Hansen, American film director and editor (d. 2005)
* 1937 - Vanessa Redgrave, English actress
* 1937 - Boris Spassky, Russian chess player
*1938 - Islom Karimov, President of Uzbekistan
*1941 - Gregory Benford, American author and scientist
* 1941 - Dick Cheney, 46th Vice President of the United States
* 1941 - Tineke Lagerberg, Dutch swimmer
*1942 - Marty Balin, American musician
*1943 - Davey Johnson, American baseball player and manager
*1945 - Michael Dorris, American author (d. 1997)
*1947 - Les Barker, English poet
* 1947 - Steve Marriott, English musician (The Small Faces) (d. 1991)
*1948 - Nick Broomfield, English film- and documentary-maker
* 1948 - Paul Magee, Provisional Irish Republican Army member
*1949 - Peter Agre, American biologist, Nobel laureate
*1950 - Trinidad Silva, American actor (d. 1988)
*1951 - Phil Collins, English musician
* 1951 - Charles S. Dutton, American actor
* 1951 - Bobby Stokes, English former footballer (d. 1995)
*1952 - Doug Falconer, Canadian football player
*1955 - Curtis Strange, American golfer
* 1955 - Judith Tarr, American author
*1956 - Jeremy Gittins, English actor
* 1956 - Keiichi Tsuchiya, Japanese racing driver
*1957 - Payne Stewart, American golfer (d. 1999)
*1958 - Brett Butler, American actress and comedian
*1959 - Mark Eitzel, American singer and musician (American Music Club)
* 1959 - Jody Watley, American singer
*1961 - Dexter Scott King, American actor and son of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Coretta Scott King
*1962 - King Abdullah II of Jordan
* 1962 - Mary Kay Letourneau, American convicted statutory rapist
*1965 - Julie McCullough, American model and actress
*1966 - Danielle Goyette, Quebec female ice hockey player
*1967 - Jay Gordon, American musician
*1968 - Trevor Dunn, American musician (Mr. Bungle, Fantômas, Secret Chiefs 3)
* 1968 - Prince Felipe of Spain
*1969 - Carolyn Kepcher, American businesswoman and reality TV show star
*1971 - Darren Boyd, British actor
* 1971 - Kimo von Oelhoffen, American football player
*1972 - Lupillo Rivera, Mexican singer
* 1972 - Chris Simon, Canadian ice hockey player
*1973 - Jalen Rose, American basketball player
*1974 - Christian Bale, Welsh actor
* 1974 - Olivia Colman, English actress
* 1974 - Jemima Khan, English socialite
*1975 - Juninho Pernambucano, Brazilian footballer
* 1975 - Yumi Yoshimura, Japanese singer (Puffy Amiyumi)
*1976 - Andy Milonakis, American comedian
*1977 - Deltha O'Neal, American football player
*1978 - John Patterson, American baseball player
*1980 - Leilani Dowding, British glamour model
*1980 - Wilmer Valderrama, American actor
* 1980 - Pavel Ponomaryov, Russian-Estonian actor
* 1980 - Joãozinho, Brazilian footballer
*1981 - Dimitar Berbatov, Bulgarian footballer
* 1981 - Peter Crouch, English footballer
* 1981 - Josh Kelley, American musician
* 1981 - Mathias Lauda, Austrian racing driver
*1982 - Jorge Cantu, Mexican baseball player
*1984 - Jeremy Hermida, American baseball player
*1985 - Aaadietya Pandey, Indian astrologer
* 1985 - Trae Williams, American football player
*1986 - Sam Duckworth, British singer-songwriter
* 1986 - Nick Evans, American baseball player
*1987 - Rebecca Knox, Irish professional wrestler
*1988 - Rob Pinkston, American actor
*1989 - Khleo Thomas, American actor and rapper
*1990 - Jake Thomas, American actor
* 1990 - Eiza Gonzalez, Mexican actress/singer
*1991 - Matthew Werkmeister, Australian actor
*1993 - Christina Kirkman, American actress
*2005 - Prince Hashem bin Al Abdullah II, of Jordan

Deaths

*1030 - William V, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 969)
*1181 - Emperor Takakura of Japan (b. 1161)
*1384 - Louis II of Flanders (b. 1330)
*1574 - Damião de Góis, Portuguese philosopher (b. 1502)
*1606 - Everard Digby, English conspirator (b. 1578)
*1649 - King Charles I of England (executed) (b. 1600)
*1730 - Tsar Peter II of Russia (b. 1715)
*1836 - Betsy Ross, American seamstress (b. 1752)
*1858 - Coenraad Jacob Temminck, Dutch zoologist (b. 1778)
*1867 - Emperor Kōmei of Japan (b. 1831)
*1869 - William Carleton, Irish novelist (b. 1794)
*1889 - Crown Prince Rudolph of Austria (b. 1858)
*1926 - Barbara La Marr, American actress (b. 1896)
*1928 - Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger, Danish scientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1867)
*1929 - La Goulue, French Cancan dancer (b. 1866)
*1934 - Frank Nelson Doubleday, American publisher (b. 1862)
*1948 - Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Mahatma Gandhi, Indian freedom fighter (b. 1869)
* 1948 - Orville Wright, American aviation pioneer (b. 1871)
*1951 - Ferdinand Porsche, Austrian automotive engineer (b. 1875)
*1958 - Jean Crotti, Swiss artist (b. 1878)
* 1958 - Ernst Heinkel, German aviation engineer (b. 1888)
*1962 - Manuel de Abreu, Brazilian physician (b. 1894)
*1963 - Francis Poulenc, French composer (b. 1899)
*1969 - Georges Pire, Belgian monk, Nobel laureate (b. 1910)
*1980 - Professor Longhair, American musician (b. 1918)
*1982 - Lightnin' Hopkins, American musician (b. 1912)
*1991 - John Bardeen, American physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1908)
* 1991 - Clifton C. Edom, American photojournalism educator (b. 1907)
* 1991 - John McIntire, American actor (b. 1907)
*1994 - Pierre Boulle, French author (b. 1912)
*1995 - Gerald Durrell, British naturalist, zookeeper, author, and television presenter (b. 1925)
*1998 - Richard Cassilly, American tenor (b. 1927)
*1999 - Huntz Hall, American actor (b. 1919)
* 1999 - Ed Herlihy, American broadcaster (b. 1909)
*2001 - Jean-Pierre Aumont, French actor (b. 1911)
* 2001 - Johnnie Johnson, British fighter pilot (b. 1915)
* 2001 - Joseph Ransohoff, the father of modern neurosurgery (b. 1915)
*2005 - Martyn Bennet, Canadian musician (b. 1971)
* 2005 - Wes Wehmiller, American musician (b. 1971)
*2006 - Coretta Scott King, American activist and wife of Martin Luther King, Jr. (b. 1927)
*2007 - Nikos Kourkoulos, Greek actor and artistic director (b. 1934)
* 2007 - Sidney Sheldon, American author, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1917)
*2008 - Jeremy Beadle, British television host, (b. 1948)
* 2008 - Roland Selmeczi, Hungarian actor (b. 1969)
* 2008 - Marcial Maciel, Mexican religious leader (b. 1920)

Holidays and observances

*St. Mutien-Marie Wiaux (+1917)
*St. Hippolytus
*St. Hyacintha Mariscotti
*St. Aldegonde
*St. Bathild
*St. Martina, Virgin and Martyr, c. 226 AD
*St. Savina, martyred under Emperor Diocletian
*St. Anthony the Great's feast in the Coptic Church
*King Charles the Martyr (Anglicanism)
*Eastern (Byzantine) Catholic Church: Feast of the Three Holy Hierarchs
**This Feast honors the three great Fathers of the Eastern Church --St. Basil the Great, St. Gregory the Theologian, and St. John Chrysostom

External links

* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/30 BBC: On This Day]
*
* [http://www1.sympatico.ca/cgi-bin/on_this_day?mth=Jan&day=30 On this day in Canada] ----