- Jeseník
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Jeseník Frývaldov (until 1948) Town FlagCoat of armsCountry Czech Republic Region Olomouc District Jeseník Commune Jeseník Elevation 432 m (1,417 ft) Coordinates 50°13′47″N 17°12′17″E / 50.22972°N 17.20472°E Area 38.22 km2 (14.76 sq mi) Population 12,510 (2006-10-02) Density 327 / km2 (847 / sq mi) First mentioned 1267 Mayor Marie Fomiczewová Timezone CET (UTC+1) - summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2) Postal code 790 01 Wikimedia Commons: Jeseník Statistics: statnisprava.cz Website: www.jesenik.org Jeseník (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjɛsɛɲiːk]), Frývaldov until 1948 (Czech pronunciation: [ˈfriːvaldof]; German: Freiwaldau) is a city and a district in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic.
Contents
Districts
- Bukovice (Buchelsdorf)
- Dětřichov (Dittershof)
- Jeseník (Freiwaldau)
- Lázně Jeseník (Bad Gräfenberg)
History
According to the Austrian census of 1910 the town had 6,859 inhabitants, 6,619 of whom had permanent residence there. Census asked people for their native language, 6,588 (99.5%) were German-speaking, 16 (0.2%) were Czech-speaking and 13 (0.2%) were Polish-speaking. Jews were not allowed to declare Yiddish, most of them thus declared the German language as their native. Most populous religious groups were Roman Catholics with 6,552 (95.5%), followed by Protestants with 208 (3%) and the Jews with 83 (1.2%).[1]
The Freiwaldau massacre
On November 25, 1931, the local Communist party organised a hunger march of around 1,000 unemployed stoneworkers ('Steinklopfer') to Freiwaldau. The police chief at Setzdorf instructed his men to prevent the demonstration from reaching the town. The police forced the marchers to take an alternative route through the forest. The police soon caught up with them at Nieder-Lindewiese, and a clash ensued during which the marchers threw sticks, stones and other objects at the gendarmes. After two stones hit the commander of the unit, First Lieutenant Oldřich Jirkovský, on the forehead, gave his men the order to fire on the crowd. As a result, ten people, including six women - among them a 60-year-old woman and a 14-year-old girl - were killed and fifteen men and women seriously injured and taken to the hospital in Freiwaldau. The Vienna Neue Zeitung attributed the march to the growing indebtedness of local stone- and chalkworkers, who could no longer earn enough for subsistence.[2][3]
Famous personalities
See also Category: People from Jeseník District.- Martin Johann Weidlich (1600–1678), scribe, chronist of Mährisch Trübau
- (August) Carl Ditters (von Dittersdorf) (1739, Laimgrube, Vienna - 1799, Červená Lhota château, Nový Dvůr, Deštná u Jindřichova Hradce), composer and violinist; In 1773, the prince-bishop made him the Amtshauptmann of nearby this town. He sent to Vienna and received a noble title "von Dittersdorf", his surname became "Ditters von Dittersdorf". One of this city's distinct Dětřichov was named after him; See also Javorník, Jánský vrch.
- Johann Nepomuk Raimann (1780–1847), doctor
- Vincenz Priessnitz (1799), founder of Hydropathy
- Oskar Paul (1836–1898), music historian (de)
- Adolph (Adolf Gustav) Weiß (1837–1894, Prague), botanist
- Edmund Weiss (Weiß) (1837–1917), astronomer
- Adolf Kettner (1849, Schwarzwasser bei Freiwaldau - 1932), local historian
- Oskar Hein (1863–1940), politician, writer
- Emi Hauck (1866–1936), physician, mayor
- Si(e)gmund Hein (1868–1945, Vienna), scientist
- Richard (Victor) Werner (1875–1943, Theresienstadt), physician
- Franz Wittelsbach, Prinz von Bayern (1919–1999), a son of Prince Georg of Bavaria, died in Jeseník[4]
- Franz Karl Mohr (1887, Sandhübel bei Freiwaldau - 1965), Sudeten and American Germanist and poet
- Engelbert Kaps (1888–1975, Regensburg), sculptor[5]
- Adalbert Willmann (1889–1928), painter
- Josef Werdecker (1907, Sandhübel - 1979), geographer
- Walter Reder (born 1915), Waffen-SS officer and a convicted war criminal
- Rudolf Hanke (born 1931, Gross-Krosse bei Freiwaldau)
- Radko Tichavsky (born 1959), compossitor, Honorary Consul for Coahuila, Monterrey and Tamaulipas, Mexico.
International relations
Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech RepublicTwin towns — Sister cities
Jeseník is twinned with:
References
External links
- (Czech) Official website
Towns and villages of Jeseník District Bělá pod Pradědem · Bernartice · Bílá Voda · Bílý Potok · Černá Voda · Česká Ves · Hradec-Nová Ves · Javorník · Jeseník · Kobylá nad Vidnavkou · Lipová-lázně · Mikulovice · Ostružná (Jeseník District) · Písečná · Skorošice · Stará Červená Voda · Supíkovice · Uhelná · Vápenná · Velká Kraš · Velké Kunětice · Vidnava · Vlčice · Zlaté Hory · ŽulováCategories:- Jeseník District
- Cities and towns in the Czech Republic
- Spa towns in the Czech Republic
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