Nysa, Poland

Nysa, Poland
Nysa
Main Square

Flag
Coat of arms
Nickname(s): Śląski Rzym
Silesian Rome
Nysa is located in Poland
Nysa
Coordinates: 50°28′17″N 17°20′2″E / 50.47139°N 17.33389°E / 50.47139; 17.33389
Country  Poland
Voivodeship Opole
County Nysa County
Gmina Gmina Nysa
Established 10th century
Town rights 1223
Government
 – Mayor Jolanta Barska
Area
 – Total 27.5 km2 (10.6 sq mi)
Elevation 195 m (640 ft)
Population (2006)
 – Total 47,283
 – Density 1,719.4/km2 (4,453.2/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 – Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 48-300
Area code(s) +48 77
Car plates ONY
Website http://www.nysa.pl

Nysa [ˈnɨsa] (German: Neisse or Neiße) is a town in southwestern Poland on the Nysa Kłodzka river with 47,545 inhabitants (2006 official estimate), situated in the Opole Voivodeship. It is the capital of Nysa County. It comprises the urban portion of the surrounding Gmina Nysa, a mixed urban-rural commune with a total population of 60,123 inhabitants. It is the largest city in Poland that is not located in a strictly "urban" commune.

Contents

History

Neisse in 1561 on 1. map of Silesia by Martin Helwig of Neisse (map in reverse)
St. Jacob's and St. Agnes' Church in Nysa

Nysa is one of the oldest towns in Silesia. It was probably founded in the 10th century and afterwards became the capital of a principality of its name, which around 1200 became part of the Bishopric of Wrocław as the Duchy of Nysa. The town's fortifications from 1350 served to defend against the Hussites in 1424.

During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) it was besieged three times. The first Silesian War (1740–41, War of the Austrian Succession) ended Austrian sovereignty over Silesia and left the town in the hands of King Frederick II of Prussia, who laid the foundations of its modern fortifications. On 25 August 1769 Neisse was the site of a meeting between Frederick II and Emperor Joseph II, co-regent in the Habsburg Monarchy of Austria.

During the Napoleonic Wars, Neisse was taken by the French in 1807. It retained its mostly Catholic character within the predominantly Protestant province of Silesia in the Kingdom of Prussia. Because of its many churches from the Gothic and Baroque periods the town was nicknamed "the Silesian Rome". From 1816-1911, the town was the seat of the Neisse District, after which it became an independent city.

After World War I, Neisse became part of the new Province of Upper Silesia. Conquered by the Red Army during World War II, the town was placed under Polish administration according to the Potsdam Agreement and renamed to the traditional Polish Nysa. The town's German population was largely evacuated or forcibly expelled and replaced with Poles, many of whom were themselves expelled or resettled from what is now Western Ukraine (see: Kresy).


Nysa's monuments

A list of the monuments of Nysa is seen on page Nysa's monuments

Sports

People

Other residents

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland

Twin towns — Sister cities

Nysa, Poland is twinned with:

See also

References

  • "NEISSE BUCH DER ERINNERUNG", Dr. Max Warmbrunn & Alfred Jahn, Gedruckt bei Druckhaus Nürnberg GmbH, 1966

External links

Coordinates: 50°28′N 17°20′E / 50.467°N 17.333°E / 50.467; 17.333

v · Nysa County
Seat: Nysa
Urban-rural gminas Coat of arms of Nysa County
Rural gminas
v · Gmina Nysa
Town and seat
Nysa
 POL Nysa COA.svg
Villages
Biała Nyska • Domaszkowice • Głębinów • Goświnowice • Hajduki Nyskie • Hanuszów • Iława • Jędrzychów • Kępnica • Konradowa • Koperniki • Kubice • Lipowa • Morów • Niwnica • Podkamień • Przełęk • Radzikowice • Regulice • Rusocin • Sękowice • Siestrzechowice • Skorochów • Wierzbięcice • Wyszków Śląski • Złotogłowice

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