Marc Morjé Howard

Marc Morjé Howard is a professor in the Department of Government at Georgetown University.^[1] He received his M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley and did his undergraduate work at Yale University. He is the author of the book, The Weakness of Civil Society in Post-Communist Europe. His latest book, The Politics of Citizenship in Europe,^[2] was published in 2009.

Redefining civil society

Howard's major contribution to the field could be his redefining of civil society. The definition in his first chapter makes clear that civil society is distinct from the state, the rule of law, and the market, but there is still overlap with these arenas.

For Howard, the arena of civil society includes clubs, groups, and associations such as religious organizations, sports clubs, cultural appreciation or expression groups, artistic organizations, environmental groups, recreational clubs, and support groups. The crossover with the political realm exists in organizations like political parties, lobbyist groups, and political action committees. The crossover with the economic arena occurs in the form of labor unions and small business groups.^[3]

Publications

• The Weakness of Civil Society in Post-Communist Europe. Cambridge University Press, 2003.
• World Order After Leninism. University of Washington Press, 2006 (co-edited with Vladimir Tismaneanu and Rudra Sil).
• The Politics of Citizenship in Europe. Cambridge University Press, 2009.

References

1. ^ Marc Howard Homepage
2. ^ Marc Morjé Howard
3. ^ *The Weakness of Civil Society in Post-Communist Europe. Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pages 20-35.

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Name	Howard, Marc Morje
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