Gainesville, Texas

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Gainesville, Texas
settlement_type = City
nickname =
motto =

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imagesize = 250px
image_caption = Gainesville in 1883


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mapsize = 250px
map_caption = Location of Gainesville, Texas

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mapsize1 = 250px
map_caption1 =

subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = Texas
subdivision_type2 = County
subdivision_name2 = Cooke

government_footnotes =
government_type =
leader_title =
leader_name =
leader_title1 =
leader_name1 =
established_title =
established_date =

unit_pref = Imperial
area_footnotes =
area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 44.1
area_land_km2 = 44.0
area_water_km2 = 0.1
area_total_sq_mi = 17.0
area_land_sq_mi = 17.0
area_water_sq_mi = 0.0

population_as_of = 2000
population_footnotes =
population_total = 15538
population_density_km2 = 352.9
population_density_sq_mi = 914.1

timezone = Central (CST)
utc_offset = -6
timezone_DST = CDT
utc_offset_DST = -5
elevation_footnotes =
elevation_m = 229
elevation_ft = 751
latd = 33 |latm = 37 |lats = 49 |latNS = N
longd = 97 |longm = 8 |longs = 25 |longEW = W

postal_code_type = ZIP codes
postal_code = 76240-76241
area_code = 940
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 48-27984GR|2
blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
blank1_info = 1373791GR|3
website =
footnotes =

Gainesville is a city in Cooke County, Texas, United States. The population was 15,538 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Cooke County.GR|6

1920 Olympic Champion Charlie Paddock was born in Gainesville, as were exotic animal trapper Frank Buck and Country music singer and poet Red Steagall. Air Force Chief of Staff Lew Allen graduated from high school in Gainesville. Atlanta Falcons football player Kevin Mathis graduated from Gainesville High School in 1992.

Geography

Gainesville is located at coor dms|33|37|49|N|97|8|25|W|city (33.630360, -97.140323).GR|1

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 17.0 square miles (44.1 km²), of which, 17.0 square miles (44.0 km²) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.1 km²) of it (0.18%) is water.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 15,538 people, 5,969 households, and 4,005 families residing in the city. The population density was 914.1 people per square mile (352.9/km²). There were 6,423 housing units at an average density of 377.9/sq mi (145.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 80.77% White, 6.00% African American, 1.33% Native American, 0.55% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 9.09% from other races, and 2.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.47% of the population.

There were 5,969 households out of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.2% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.9% were non-families. 29.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the city the population was spread out with 27.2% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 88.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,571, and the median income for a family was $37,137. Males had a median income of $30,480 versus $21,459 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,154. About 17.0% of families and 20.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.5% of those under age 18 and 12.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education

The City of Gainesville is served by the Gainesville Independent School District. Gainesville High School boasts a 15.3 student to teacher ratioFact|date=February 2007. Enrollment figures for the 2005–2006 school year stand at 800 students attending the high school. On the state administered reading proficiency tests, GISD grades 10 and 11 scored substantially lower than the state averageFact|date=February 2007.

The main campus for North Central Texas College is located on the west side of Gainesville.

Things of note

Gainesville is home to a courthouse with an octagonal rotunda topped by stained glass, erected in 1910. "The 1912 Cooke County Courthouse was designed by the Dallas firm of Lang & Witchell. The courthouse was designed in the Beaux Arts style with some Prairie Style features and influences from famed Chicago architect Louis Sullivan. The courthouse in the center of Gainesville features black and white marbled interiors and a tall central atrium capped by a stained glass skylight under the tower." [cite web
title = Historic Courthouses in Texas
publisher = Texas Historical Commission
url = http://www.thc.state.tx.us/courthouses/chlistpages/cooke.html
accessdate = 2007-07-23 ]

The courthouse grounds feature one of the most impressive Confederate soldier memorials in Texas, erected in the early 20th century by the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC), topped by a Confederate soldier facing northward, and bearing the following poetic inscription honoring Confederate casualties of war:

"God holds the scales of justice;"
"He will measure praise and blame;"
"And the South will stand the verdict,"
"And will stand it without shame."

"Oh, home of tears, but let her bear"
"This blazoned to the end of time;"
"No nation rose so white and fair,"
"None fell so free of crime."

Other memorials on the courthouse grounds honor veterans of other U.S. wars.

The presence of these monuments praising the Confederacy is ironic, given that Gainesville was the site of a notorious massacre of Texans by Confederate forces. The Confederacy had promised that Texans would not be drafted to fight the United States outside Texas. When it broke this promise Confederate officials feared that Cooke County, known to be loyal to the United States, would be the site of protests and would possibly secede back to America as several counties in Tennessee already hadFact|date=February 2007.

Confederate soldiers rounded up over 200 Texans, and on October 1, 1862 hanged 42 after a mock trial. This event sparked a reign of terror in which dozens of Texans suspected of being loyal to America were lynched by Confederate soldiers. [cite web
last = McCaslin
first = Richard
title = Great Hanging at Gainesville
url= http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/GG/jig1.html
accessdate = 2007-08-09 ] [ cite book
last = McCaslin
first = Richard
title = Tainted Breeze: The Great Hanging at Gainesville, Texas 1862
publisher = Louisiana State University Press
date= 1994
isbn = 0807118257 ]

Gainesville was once home to Camp Howze, one of the largest infantry replacement training centers during World War II.

Gainesville is also home to a large outlet mall (The Gainesville Factory Shops) attracting visitors from north Texas as well as southern Oklahoma. This mall continues to remain open although many shops are closed. Gainesville also boasts state championships in High School Football (3A-I 2003) and High School Basketball (3A 2002).

On one of Germany's biggest commercial television station there is a weekly docu-soap about the Reimann family, which emigrated to Gainesville, Texas, in 2004. They opened a bed and breakfast business at Moss Lake in 2007.

On June 18, 2007, thunderstorms moved through Gainesville, resulting in intense flooding. Over 7 inches fell in Gainesville and nearby Sherman. On June 20 around 5:00 A.M., straight lines winds hit and Wichita Falls had winds up to 94 mph.

Notable residents

* 1920 Olympics gold medal sprinter Charles Paddock was immortalized in the film Chariots of Fire.

* Aurelian Smith, known as Jake "the snake" Roberts.

Transportation

*Gainesville, Texas (Amtrak station)

References

External links