Murid herpesvirus 68

Murid herpesvirus 68
Virus classification
Group:	Group I (dsDNA)
Family:	Herpesviridae
Subfamily:	Gammaherpesvirinae
Genus:	Rhadinovirus
Species:	Murid herpesvirus 4
Subspecies:	Murid herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68)

Murid herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) is an isolate of Murid herpesvirus 4 which is a virus in the genus Rhadinovirus. It is a member of the subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae in the family of Herpesviridae. MHV-68 serves as a model for study of human gammaherpesviruses which cause significant human disease including B-cell lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma. The WUMS strain of MHV-68 was fully sequenced and annotated in 1997 ,^[1] and the necessity of most of its genes in viral replication was characterized by random transposon mutagenesis study .^[2]

MHV-68 surface proteins

Alpha-, beta-, and gammaherpesviruses display a heterodimer composed of glycoprotein H (gH) and glycoprotein L (gL) on their envelopes. This receptor is involved in the cell-to-cell transmission of the virus. Glycoprotein H has two conformations. Glycoprotein L is a chaperone protein which assures that gH takes on the correct conformation. When herpesviruses lack gL, gH misfolds. When alpha- or betaherpesviruses lack gL, they are noninfectious. When Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 lacks gL, it remains infectious but is less able to bind to fibroblasts and epithelial cells.^[3]

The open reading frame M7 of the MHV-68 genome encodes for the surface receptor glycoprotein 150 (gp150). It is homologous to the Epstein-Barr virus membrane antigen gp350/220.^[4] MHV-68 is more closely related to the Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) than it is to the Epstein-Barr virus. Glycoprotein K8.1 is the KSHV homolog of MHV-68 gp150.^[5] MHV-68 is a very close relative of MHV-72. The MHV-68 M7 gene differs from the corresponding MHV-72 gene by five point mutations which alter four codons.^[4] Glycoprotein 150 allows MHV-68 to bind to B-cells.^[5]

References

1. ^ Herbet W. Virgin IV, Philip Latreille, Pamela Wamsley, Kymberlie Hallsworth, Karen E. Weck, Albert J. Dal Canto, and Samuel H. Speck (August 1997). "Complete sequence and genomic analysis of murine gammaherpesvirus 68". Journal of Virology 71 (8): 5894–904. http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/reprint/71/8/5894?view=long&pmid=9223479. 
2. ^ Moon Jung Song, Seungmin Hwang, Wendy H. Wong, Ting-Ting Wu, Sangmi Lee, Hsiang-I Liao, and Ren Sun (March 2005). "Identification of viral genes essential for replication of murine γ-herpesvirus 68 using signature-tagged mutagenesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102 (10): 3805–10. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404521102. http://www.pnas.org/content/102/10/3805.abstract?ck=nck. 
3. ^ Laurent Gillet, Janet S. May, Susanna Colaco, and Philip G. Stevenson (January 2007). "Glycoprotein L Disruption Reveals Two Functional Forms of the Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Glycoprotein H". Journal of Virology 81 (1): 280–291. http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/81/1/280. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Macáková K, Matis J, Rezuchová I, Kúdela O, Raslová H, Kúdelová M (Jan 2003). "Murine gammaherpesvirus (MHV) M7 gene encoding glycoprotein 150 (gp150): difference in the sequence between 72 and 68 strains". Virus Genes 26 (1): 89–95. PMID 12683351. 
5. ^ ^{a b} James P. Stewart, Ondine J. Silvia, Isobel M. D. Atkin, David J. Hughes, Bahram Ebrahimi, and Heiko Adler (October 2004). "In Vivo Function of a Gammaherpesvirus Virion Glycoprotein: Influence on B-Cell Infection and Mononucleosis". Journal of Virology 78 (19): 10449–10459. http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/full/78/19/10449.