Echinocereus

Echinocereus
Echinocereus
Echinocereus triglochidiatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Core eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Tribe: Pachycereeae
Genus: Echinocereus
Engelm.[1]
Species

See text
Synonyms

Morangaya G.D.Rowley
Wilcoxia Britton & Rose[1]

Echinocereus is a genus of ribbed, usually small to medium-sized cylindrical cacti, comprising about 70 species from the southern United States and Mexico in very sunny rocky places. Usually the flowers are large and the fruit edible.

The name comes from the Ancient Greek ἐχῖνος (echinos), meaning "hedgehog," and the Latin cereus meaning "candle." They are sometimes known as hedgehog cacti,[2] a term also used for the Pediocactus and Echinopsis.[3]

Contents

Description

Echinocerus are bushy and globular with tight spines which are often colorful and decorative. The flowers last slightly longer than other those of other cacti.

Cultivation

Echinocereus is easier to culture than other cacti. They need a light soil, a sunny exposure, a fresh and dry winter to flower. They like a soil slightly richer than other cacti.

In the wild, several of the species are cold-hardy, tolerating temperatures as low as -23°C but only in dry conditions. Sometimes, they shrink in winter but they look fine again with first waterings in the first sunny days.

Species

  • Echinocereus acifer
  • Echinocereus adustus
  • Echinocereus albatus
  • Echinocereus amoenus
  • Echinocereus apachensis
  • Echinocereus arizonicus Rose ex Orcutt
  • Echinocereus barthelowanus
  • Echinocereus berlandieri (Engelm.) Haage f.
  • Echinocereus blankii
  • Echinocereus bonkerae
  • Echinocereus boyce-thompsonii
  • Echinocereus brandegeei
  • Echinocereus chisoensis W.T.Marshall
    • Echinocereus chisoensis var. chisoensis
    • Echinocereus chisoensis var. fobeanus (Oehme) N.P.Taylor
  • Echinocereus chloranthus
  • Echinocereus chlorophtalmus
  • Echinocereus cinerascens
  • Echinocereus coccineus Engelm.
  • Echinocereus ctenoides
  • Echinocereus cucumis
  • Echinocereus dasyacanthus Engelm.
  • Echinocereus davisii Houghton
  • Echinocereus delaetii
  • Echinocereus ehrenbergii
  • Echinocereus enneacanthus Engelm.
  • Echinocereus engelmannii (Parry ex Engelm.) Lem.
  • Echinocereus fasciculatus (Engelm. ex B.D.Jacks.) L.D.Benson
  • Echinocereus fendleri (Engelm.) Sencke ex J.N.Haage
    • Echinocereus fendleri subsp. fendleri
    • Echinocereus fendleri subsp. hempelii (Fobe) W.Blum
    • Echinocereus fendleri subsp. rectispinus (Peebles) N.P.Taylor
  • Echinocereus ferreirianus H.E.Gates
    • Echinocereus ferreirianus subsp. ferreirianus
    • Echinocereus ferreirianus subsp. lindsayi (J.Meyrán) N.P.Taylor
  • Echinocereus fitchii
  • Echinocereus gentryi
  • Echinocereus grandis
  • Echinocereus knippelianus
  • Echinocereus longisetus
  • Echinocereus ledingii
  • Echinocereus leonensis
  • Echinocereus milleri
  • Echinocereus mojavensis (Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow) Rümpler
  • Echinocereus morricalii
  • Echinocereus nicholii (L.Benson) Parfitt
  • Echinocereus nivosus
  • Echinocereus pacificus
  • Echinocereus paucispinus
  • Echinocereus papillosus Linke ex Rumpl.
  • Echinocereus pectinatus (Scheidw.) Engelm.
  • Echinocereus pentalophus (DC.) Haage
  • Echinocereus polyacanthus Engelm.
  • Echinocereus poselgeri Lem.
  • Echinocereus procumbens
  • Echinocereus pulchellus
  • Echinocereus purpureus
  • Echinocereus reichenbachii (Terscheck ex Walp.) hort. ex Haage
    • Echinocereus reichenbachii subsp. armatus (Poselg.) N.P.Taylor
    • Echinocereus reichenbachii subsp. baileyi (Rose) N.P.Taylor
    • Echinocereus reichenbachii subsp. fitchii (Britton & Rose) N.P.Taylor
    • Echinocereus reichenbachii subsp. perbellus (Britton & Rose) N.P.Taylor
    • Echinocereus reichenbachii subsp. reichenbachii
  • Echinocereus rigidissimus (Engelm.) hort. ex F.Haage
  • Echinocereus ×roetteri (Engelm.) Engelm. ex Rümpler
  • Echinocereus rosei
  • Echinocereus salm-dyckianus
  • Echinocereus scheerii
  • Echinocereus schmollii (Weing.) N.P.Taylor
  • Echinocereus spinibarbis
  • Echinocereus stramineus (Engelm.) F.Seitz
  • Echinocereus stoloniferus
  • Echinocereus subterraneus
  • Echinocereus subinermis
  • Echinocereus triglochidiatus Engelm. – King Cup Cactus, Claret Cup Cactus
  • Echinocereus uspenskii
  • Echinocereus viereckii
  • Echinocereus viridiflorus Engelm. – Green Pitaya
    • Echinocereus viridiflorus var. chloranthus (Engelm.) Backeb.
    • Echinocereus viridiflorus var. correllii L.D.Benson
    • Echinocereus viridiflorus var. cylindricus Rümpler
    • Echinocereus viridiflorus var. russanthus (D.Weniger) A.D.Zimm.
    • Echinocereus viridiflorus var. viridiflorus
  • Echinocereus websterianus [2][4]

Formerly placed here

  • Echinopsis candicans (Gillies ex Salm-Dyck) F.A.C.Weber ex D.R.Hunt (as E. candicans (Gillies ex Salm-Dyck) Rümpler)[4]

References

  1. ^ a b "Genus: Echinocereus Engelm.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2004-02-13. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?4097. Retrieved 2011-04-10. 
  2. ^ a b "Echinocereus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=19803. Retrieved 2011-04-10. 
  3. ^ "Echinopsis (Hedgehog Cacti)". Cactus and Succulent Society of Australia. Archived from the original on 2008-07-20. http://web.archive.org/web/20080720010527/http://cssaustralia.org.au/content/view/72/104/. Retrieved 2008-07-29. 
  4. ^ a b "GRIN Species Records of Echinocereus". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?4097. Retrieved 2011-04-10. 

Bibliography

  • Fischer, Pierre C. 70 Common Cacti of the Southwest. City unknown: Southwest Parks and Monuments Association, 1989.
  • Anderson, Miles (1998). The Ultimate Book of Cacti and Succulents. ISBN 1-85967-460-7. Lorenz Books.
  • Innes C, Wall B (1995). Cacti' Succulents and Bromaliads. Cassell & The Royal Horticultural Society.
  • Anderson, Edward F. : "The Cactus Family" (2001)
  • Taylor, Nigel P.: The Genus Echinocereus. Kew Magazine Monograph, Timber Press 1985, ISBN 0881920525
  • Blum, Lange, Rischer & Rutow: "Echinocereus", (1998)

External links

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