Marie de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier

Marie
Duchess of Orléans Duchess of Montpensier
posthumous drawing of Marie
Spouse	Gaston, Duke of Orléans
Issue
Anne Marie Louise, Duchess of Montpensier
Full name
Marie de Bourbon
Father	Henri de Bourbon
Mother	Henriette Catherine de Joyeuse
Born	15 October 1605(1605-10-15) Château de Gaillon, Gaillon, France
Died	4 June 1627(1627-06-04) (aged 21) Palais du Louvre, Paris, France
Burial	Royal Basilica of Saint Denis, Paris, France

Marie de Bourbon (15 October 1605 – 4 June 1627), Duchess of Montpensier, and Duchess of Orléans by marriage, was a French noblewoman and one of the last members of the House of Bourbon-Montpensier. Her parents were Henri de Bourbon, Duke of Montpensier and Henriette Catherine de Joyeuse, Princess of Joinville and Duchess of Joyeuse in her own right.^[1]

Biography

Marie de Bourbon was born in the château de Gaillon, in Gaillon (Eure department of France), in the former province of Normandy.

Known as Mademoiselle de Montpensier before her marriage, she was the Duke and Duchess of Montpensier's only child. At the age of two, she had been engaged to the second son of Henry IV of France, Nicolas Henri de France, Duke of Orléans, but he died at the age of four in 1611. She was then betrothed to his brother, Gaston de France, Duke of Orléans, the younger brother of king Louis XIII, and the heir presumptive to the throne of France.

At the death of her father, in 1608, Marie became the Duchess of Montpensier in her own right; the Duchy was one of the oldest in France having been elevated from a County in 1589. Marie was a descendant of John II of France, of the House of Valois and of Saint Louis.

Because of the Montpensier's fortune, of which Marie was the only heiress, and despite the aversion shown by Gaston toward this arranged marriage, Louis XIII and Richelieu were determined the marriage would take place.

The wedding ceremony was celebrated in Nantes, on 6 August 1626, in the presence of Louis XIII, his wife, Queen Anne of Austria, and Marie de' Medici, the Queen Mother. According to her daughter's biographer, Nancy Mitford, quoting a member of her husband's household, A sadder wedding was never seen..^[2]

From this union, the new ducal couple had one child:

• Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier (Louvre, 29 May 1627 – Palais du Luxembourg, 3 April 1693), the future Grande Mademoiselle.

Marie died on 4 June 1627 at the Palais du Louvre in Paris, at the age of twenty-two, shortly after the birth of her daughter who, as her only child, inherited her fortune and titles. She was buried at the Royal Basilica of Saint Denis, north of Paris.

In a will intended to disinherit her niece,^[3] Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Marie's half-sister Marie de Lorraine,^[4]) chose Charles François de Stainville as beneficiary in 1688; but on the urging of her heirs, the will was broken by the Parlement of Paris in 1689.^[5][6]

After the death of her daughter, La Grande Mademoiselle, in 1693, Marie's fortune was handed over to Philippe de France, Louis XIV's younger and only brother.

Ancestors

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

• 13 October 1605 – 27 February 1608 Her Highness Mademoiselle de Montpensier
• 27 February 1608 – 6 August 1626 Her Highness the Duchess of Montpensier (duchesse de Montpensier)
• 6 August 1626 – 4 June 1627 Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Orléans (Madame la duchesse d'Orléans)^[7]

References

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	Kingdom of France portal
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1. ^ http://www.familysearch.org/ Familysearch.org
2. ^ Mitford, Nancy. Daughter of France:The life of Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, duchesse de Montpensier 1627-1693
3. ^ Patricia M. Ranum, "Mademoiselle de Guise, ou les défis de la quenouille," XVII^e Siècle (1984), pp.221-32.
4. ^ Ranum, Portraits, pp. 449-54
5. ^ Marie de Guise (1615-1688), French Wikipedia.
6. ^ Counts and Dukes of Guise
7. ^ http://www.heraldica.org/topics/france/frroyal.htm#sang Style of HRH and further information on Princes of the Blood

See also

Persondata
Name	Montpensier, Marie De Bourbon, Duchess Of
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	15 October 1605
Place of birth	Château de Gaillon, Gaillon, France
Date of death	4 June 1627
Place of death	Palais du Louvre, Paris, France