Berne, New York

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Berne, New York
settlement_type = Town
nickname =
motto = "It's all down hill from here"

imagesize =
image_caption =


image_

|pushpin_

pushpin_label_position =
pushpin_map_caption =Location within the state of New York
pushpin_mapsize =


mapsize =
map_caption =


mapsize1 =
map_caption1 =

subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = New York
subdivision_type2 = County
subdivision_name2 = Albany
government_footnotes =
government_type =
leader_title =
leader_name =
leader_title1 =
leader_name1 =
established_title =
established_date =

unit_pref = Imperial
area_footnotes =
area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 167.7
area_land_km2 = 166.1
area_water_km2 = 1.6
area_total_sq_mi = 64.8
area_land_sq_mi = 64.1
area_water_sq_mi = 0.6

population_as_of = 2000
population_footnotes =
population_total = 2846
population_density_km2 = 17.1
population_density_sq_mi = 44.4

timezone = Eastern (EST)
utc_offset = -5
timezone_DST = EDT
utc_offset_DST = -4
elevation_footnotes =
elevation_m = 410
elevation_ft = 1345
latd = 42 |latm = 35 |lats = 50 |latNS = N
longd = 74 |longm = 7 |longs = 25 |longEW = W

postal_code_type = ZIP code
postal_code = 12023
area_code = 518
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 36-06211
blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
blank1_info = 0978728
website =
footnotes =

Berne is a town in Albany County, New York, United States. The population was 2,846 at the 2000 census.

The Town of Berne is at the west border of Albany County.

History

The Town of Berne (originally spelled "Bern") was created in 1795 from part of the Town of Rensselaerville. In 1822 the north half of Berne was spun off to form the new Town of Knox.

The earliest settlers were [http://www.bernehistory.org/area_history/palatines.htm Palatine German refugees] . [http://www.bernehistory.org/local/settling_berne.htm Settlement] began before 1750. At that time it was called Beaver Dam (also spelled Beaverdam). The settlers were actually squatters, since in the 18th and most of the 19th centuries, Berne was part of the Rensselaerwyck estate. The head of the Van Rensselaer family was the patroon who owned all the land on which the tenants in the Hudson Valley lived, and used feudal leases to maintain control of the region. Before the Revolutionary War, the patroons acted as feudal lords, with the right to make laws.

The [http://www.bernehistory.org/area_history/dietz_massacre.htm massacre of the Dietz family] in 1781 was the only Iroquois incursion in Beaver Dam during the American Revolution. During the War inhabitants fought on both sides of the conflict. Loyalists who supported the British left and went to Canada. Those who stayed and fought the British expected that if they won, they would either be released from their tenancy, or at the least, be allowed to purchase the land at fair market value. Instead, the new government of New York decided to honor the lease contracts of the patroons, who contributed heavily to the politicians.

The first mass meeting of tenant farmers leading to the Anti-Rent War was held in Berne on July 4th, 1839. In January, 1845 one hundred and fifty delegates from eleven counties assembled in [http://www.bernehistory.org/churchDetails.asp?ID=4 St. Paul's Lutheran Church] to call for political action to redress their grievances. [Christman, Henry, "Tin Horns and Calico", Hope Farm Press, 1978, pp. 128-130]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 64.8 square miles (167.7 km²), of which, 64.1 square miles (166.1 km²) of it is land and 0.6 square miles (1.7 km²) of it (0.99%) is water.

Here is a [http://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&safe=off&rlz=1B3GGGL_enMX256&q=%22maple+inn%22+%22east+berne%22&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wl map] of Berne. The west town line is the border of Schoharie County, New York.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 2,846 people, 1,099 households, and 805 families residing in the town. The population density was 44.4 people per square mile (17.1/km²). There were 1,385 housing units at an average density of 21.6/sq mi (8.3/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.89% White, 0.39% African American, 0.39% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.25% from other races, and 1.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.77% of the population.

There were 1,099 households out of which 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.0% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.7% were non-families. 21.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the town the population was spread out with 25.4% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 27.2% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $47,174, and the median income for a family was $55,685. Males had a median income of $37,324 versus $29,125 for females. The per capita income for the town was $22,095. About 3.7% of families and 5.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.3% of those under age 18 and 2.9% of those age 65 or over.

Natural History

* Partridge Run State Wildlife Management Area, on West Mountain, consists of convert|4594|acre|km2 of former abandoned upland farms. It has been improved with hiking trails, and parking lots and is available for birdwatching, cross-county skiing, snowshoeing, hunting, fishing and trapping. Partridge Run and Cole Hill State Forest are units in the [http://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/28316.html Helderbergs Management Area] of the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation.
* Cole Hill State Forest, accessed from County Routes 2 and 3, has been improved with hiking trails, and parking lots and is available for birdwatching, cross-county skiing, snowshoeing, hunting, fishing and trapping.
* Thacher State Park is on the eastern town line partly in Berne but mainly in New Scotland, New York. It has campgrounds.
* The Long Path, runs from George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, New Jersey to Altamont, Albany County, New York. It crosses the Town of Berne, going from Cotton Hill and Cannady State Forests in Schoharie County, New York to the west, across the Partridge Run Wildlife Management Area, through Cole Hill State Forest where it has 270-degree views of both the Catskills and Adirondacks from Roemer's High Point along the Helderberg Escarpment, and continues north to Thacher State Park, the Indian Ladder and finally its current end at NY 146.
* Thompson's Lake State Park is a state park at the north end of Thompson's Lake.

Prominent Residents

* John Warren Butterfield (see also [http://www.desertusa.com/mag98/dec/papr/butter.html John Warren Butterfield] ) (Nov. 18, 1801 - Nov. 14, 1869), born in Berne, went on to found the Butterfield Overland Mail, the stage that was an early operation of American Express and Wells Fargo.
* Justice Joseph Philo Bradley (Mar. 14, 1813 - Jan. 22, 1892), born on a farm on the top of Cole Hill, served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court from 1870-1892. Bradley is best remembered as being the 15th and final member of the Electoral Commission that decided the disputed 1876 presidential election between Republican Rutherford B. Hayes and Democrat Samuel J. Tilden.
* [http://www.bernehistory.org/bioDetail.asp?ID=89 Corporal Harold C. Mattice] (Apr. 9, 1890 - Apr. 22, 1923), born in the hamlet of Berne the son of a blacksmith, was the first NYS trooper to be shot while making an arrest.
* Capt. Adam Bogardus (Sep. 17, 1834 - Mar. 23, 1913), born on a farm on Ravine Road on West Mountain, became the World Champion and United States Champion trap shootist. He is credited with popularizing trap shooting. He invented the first practical glass ball trap in 1877. He and his sons were renowned crack shots who toured with the Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show. He is in the [http://www.traphof.org/inductees/bogardus1.htm National Trapshooting Hall of Fame] . (For a more complete biograph see [http://www.traphof.org/roadtoyesterday/december2000.htm Capt. Adam Henry Bogardus] .)
* Albert Gallup (January 30, 1796 - November 5, 1851), born in Berne, was a U.S. Representative from New York from 1837 - 1839.
* M. E. Grenander (Mary Elizabeth Grenander) (21 November 1918 – 28 May 1998), born in Rewey, Wisconsin, was a professor of English and philanthropist, for whom the M.E. Grenander Department of Special Collections & Archives of the University Libraries of the University at Albany, the State University of New York is named. She and her second husband, James Corbett (a professor of physics at SUNY), prospered through the stock market. She donated $1 million to SUNY in his memory after his death in 1994. Grenander died in East Berne, New York, at 79 years of age.
* Hiram Walden (August 21, 1800 - July 21, 1880), born in Pawlet, Vermont, lived in Berne from 1818-1821 and manufactured axes. He then moved his axe factory to the Town of Wright to what became known as Waldensville. From 1849 - 1851 he was a United States Representative from New York 21st District.

Churches

* [http://users.churchserve.com/ny/rcaberne/ First Reformed Church of Berne] in the hamlet of Berne was [http://www.bernehistory.org/churchDetails.asp?ID=3 founded] about 1765.
* [http://churches.rca.org/secondberne/index.html Second Reformed Church of Bern] was [http://www.bernehistory.org/churchDetails.asp?ID=6 organized] in 1826 and is more commonly known as the Thompson Lake Reformed Church because of its location near the Lake.
* [http://www.bernehistory.org/churchDetails.asp?ID=4 St. Paul's Lutheran Church] in the hamlet of Berne was incorporated in 1790.
* [http://www.rcda.org/churches/StLucyStBernadetteChurch/index.html St. Bernadette's Catholic Church] in the hamlet of Berne was built in 1960 as a mission of St. Lucy's Catholic Church, Altamont, NY
* [http://www.geocities.com/iambuilders/ Rock Road Chapel] on Rock Road, was organized in 1981
* [http://www.thecenterforwisdomandcompassion.org/ Tenzin Gyatso Institute for Wisdom and Compassion] a Buddhist retreat center operated by Rigpa.
* [http://www.elca.org/ScriptLib/OS/Congregations/cdsDetail.asp?Id=A5A3A6AF93 St. John's Lutheran Church] , East Berne, was [http://www.bernehistory.org/churchDetails.asp?ID=1 organized] in 1873.

Communities and locations in Berne

*Berne -- The largest hamlet in the Town, it is located at the intersection of New York State Route 443 and New York State Route 156. Before the Post Office was located here in the latter half of the 19th century it was called "Bernville." In the 19th and first half of the 20th century it had a number of stores, up to three hotels, several blacksmith shops, a funeral home, cabinet makers, harness makers, etc.; now it almost entirely residential. The [http://www.berneny.org Town Hall] is located here in a former hotel. The same building houses the [http://www.uhls.org/uhls/members/library.cfm?id=11 Berne Public Library] . Upstairs is the Berne Museum with "ten rooms of history" operated by the [http://www.bernehistory.org/bhsociety.htm Berne Historical Society] . The [http://www.switchboard.com/_1_WVMUJ303FIYF3V__usps.1355/dir/poresults.htm?MEMID=&SD=100&CN=100&CID=1222&Z=12023&A=&T=&S=&Search.x=22&Search.y=7&Search=Search Post Office] is next door. The [http://www.bkwcsd.k12.ny.us/ Berne Knox Westerlo Central School] is at the west end of the hamlet. Here is a [http://timesunion.com/reportcard/schools.asp?county=01&district=01020104 "report card"] on the elementary and Junior-Senior High Schools.
*East Berne -- A hamlet east of Berne village on New York State Route 443. It has a gas station, a couple of restaurants, and a hardware store.
*Reidsville -- A hamlet in the southeast part of the town.
*South Berne -- A hamlet near the south town line.
*Thompsons Lake -- A small community in the northeast part of the town, south of Thompsons Lake. In the late 18th and 19th century it was a popular summer resort. Now the big hotels are gone and most of the cottages around the lake now are lived in year around.
* [http://www.warnerslake.org/ Warner's Lake] -- A lake and surrounding community in the north central part of the town near East Berne. In the late 18th and 19th century it was a popular summer resort. Now the public beaches are closed and the boarding houses are private residences. Many of the cottages around the lake now are lived in year around. There is one restaurant at the northeast side of the lake.
*West Berne -- A hamlet near the west town line and west of Berne village on New York State Route 443. The community was once called "Mechanicsville" and "Peoria." In the 19th and first half of the 20th century it had a number of stores and a couple of blacksmith shops; now it is strictly residential.

References

External links

* [http://www.berneny.org Town of Berne] , official web page.
* [http://www.bernehistory.org Berne Historical Project] , (not associated with the Berne Historical Society) collects census, cemetery, and church records to make information on local people, genealogy of area families and local history available on the Internet.
* [http://www.bkwcsd.k12.ny.us/ Berne Knox Westerlo Central School District] was organized in 1931. It has since been enlarged through the annexation of several common school districts and now includes the towns of Berne, most of Knox, and most of the town of Westerlo, along with small portions of the towns of New Scotland, Rensselaerville, Middleburgh and Wright.
* [http://www.uhls.org/uhls/members/library.cfm?id=11 Berne Public Library] is located in the Town Hall. [http://www.berneny.org/06CourierWinter.htm Friends of the Library] , raises funds for improvements to the Berne Library.
* [http://www.geocities.com/hilltownramblers/ Hilltown Ramblers] , a local Blue Grass Band.
* [http://www.hilltownsplayers.org/ The Hilltown Players] , a local amateur theater company.
* [http://www.uhls.org/NICHE/Links-LocalHistOrgs.htm Berne Historical Society] preserves historical records and artifacts in the Berne Museum, upstairs in the Town Hall.