KIR2DS4

KIR2DS4

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 4, also known as KIR2DS4, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: KIR2DS4 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3809| accessdate = ]

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summary_text = Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several "framework" genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: KIR2DS4 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3809| accessdate = ]

ee also

* Cluster of differentiation

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Wagtmann N, Biassoni R, Cantoni C, "et al." |title=Molecular clones of the p58 NK cell receptor reveal immunoglobulin-related molecules with diversity in both the extra- and intracellular domains. |journal=Immunity |volume=2 |issue= 5 |pages= 439–49 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7749980 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Döhring C, Samaridis J, Colonna M |title=Alternatively spliced forms of human killer inhibitory receptors. |journal=Immunogenetics |volume=44 |issue= 3 |pages= 227–30 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8662091 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Bottino C, Sivori S, Vitale M, "et al." |title=A novel surface molecule homologous to the p58/p50 family of receptors is selectively expressed on a subset of human natural killer cells and induces both triggering of cell functions and proliferation. |journal=Eur. J. Immunol. |volume=26 |issue= 8 |pages= 1816–24 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8765026 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kim J, Chwae YJ, Kim MY, "et al." |title=Molecular basis of HLA-C recognition by p58 natural killer cell inhibitory receptors. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=159 |issue= 8 |pages= 3875–82 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9378975 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Campbell KS, Cella M, Carretero M, "et al." |title=Signaling through human killer cell activating receptors triggers tyrosine phosphorylation of an associated protein complex. |journal=Eur. J. Immunol. |volume=28 |issue= 2 |pages= 599–609 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9521070 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Chwae YJ, Cho SE, Kim SJ, Kim J |title=Diversity of the repertoire of p58 killer cell inhibitory receptors in a single individual. |journal=Immunol. Lett. |volume=68 |issue= 2-3 |pages= 267–74 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10424431 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Fan QR, Long EO, Wiley DC |title=Cobalt-mediated dimerization of the human natural killer cell inhibitory receptor. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 31 |pages= 23700–6 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10816589 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M003318200
*cite journal | author=Rajalingam R, Gardiner CM, Canavez F, "et al." |title=Identification of seventeen novel KIR variants: fourteen of them from two non-Caucasian donors. |journal=Tissue Antigens |volume=57 |issue= 1 |pages= 22–31 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11169255 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Katz G, Markel G, Mizrahi S, "et al." |title=Recognition of HLA-Cw4 but not HLA-Cw6 by the NK cell receptor killer cell Ig-like receptor two-domain short tail number 4. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=166 |issue= 12 |pages= 7260–7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11390475 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hsu KC, Liu XR, Selvakumar A, "et al." |title=Killer Ig-like receptor haplotype analysis by gene content: evidence for genomic diversity with a minimum of six basic framework haplotypes, each with multiple subsets. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=169 |issue= 9 |pages= 5118–29 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12391228 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Maxwell LD, Wallace A, Middleton D, Curran MD |title=A common KIR2DS4 deletion variant in the human that predicts a soluble KIR molecule analogous to the KIR1D molecule observed in the rhesus monkey. |journal=Tissue Antigens |volume=60 |issue= 3 |pages= 254–8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12445308 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, "et al." |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899
*cite journal | author=Artavanis-Tsakonas K, Eleme K, McQueen KL, "et al." |title=Activation of a subset of human NK cells upon contact with Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=171 |issue= 10 |pages= 5396–405 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14607943 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Maxwell LD, Williams F, Gilmore P, "et al." |title=Investigation of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene diversity: II. KIR2DS4. |journal=Hum. Immunol. |volume=65 |issue= 6 |pages= 613–21 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15219381 |doi= 10.1016/j.humimm.2004.02.028
*cite journal | author=Katz G, Gazit R, Arnon TI, "et al." |title=MHC class I-independent recognition of NK-activating receptor KIR2DS4. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=173 |issue= 3 |pages= 1819–25 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15265913 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yen JH, Lin CH, Tsai WC, "et al." |title=Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene's repertoire in rheumatoid arthritis. |journal=Scand. J. Rheumatol. |volume=35 |issue= 2 |pages= 124–7 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16641046 |doi= 10.1080/03009740500381252

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