126th Cavalry Regiment

Infobox Military Unit
unit_name=126th Cavalry Regiment


caption=126th Cavalry Regiment coat of arms
dates= July 12 1855 to Present
country= United States
allegiance=
branch= Army National Guard
type=
role= Reconnaissance
size= Regiment
command_structure=
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nickname=
patron=
motto="Courage Sans Peur" (Courage Without Fear)
colors=Blue and Silver
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battles=
anniversaries=
decorations= Presidential Unit Citation, Distinguished Unit Citation, Meritorious Unit Commendation
battle_honours=
current_commander= LTC Clark C. Barrett
current_commander_label=
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colonel_of_the_regiment=
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notable_commanders=
identification_symbol=
identification_symbol_label=Distinctive Insignia
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The 126th Cavalry Regiment is a United States military unit that was initially formed as an Infantry Regiment, then was converted into an armoured role, and then was converted to a Light Cavalry Reconnaissance Unit, with subordinate units stationed in Cadillac, Wyoming, Dowagiac, and Manistee.

History

The 126th Infantry existed for its first 144 years as an infantry unit. The 126th Infantry dates back as early as July 12, 1855 when the Grand Rapids Light Guard and Grand Rapids Artillery companies were organized. Later that year Ringgold’s Light Artillery was organized, and four years later in 1859, the Grand Rapids Rifles came into existence. These companies along with several others from Ionia formed the 51st Volunteer Uniformed Michigan Militia Regiment prior to the American Civil War.

The four companies formed the core of the Third Michigan that joined the Civil War on June 13, 1861. The regimental commander at the time was Colonel Daniel McConnell. The Third Michigan fought in twelve campaigns before it was mustered out in June 1864. Besides five Grand Rapids companies, the Third included companies from Boston and Lyons in Ionia County, Lansing, Muskegon, and Georgetown. Two soldiers in the Third earned the Medal of Honor.

After the Civil War

Several years after the end of the Civil War, the Grand Rapids Guard company was organized by veterans of the Third and other regiments. The company was mustered into state service in 1872 as part of the Michigan State Troops. It was called out to aid authorities during a riot at the Muskegon County jail in 1873 and to quell a disturbance at Greenville during the Flat River labor dispute in 1874. That year the Grand Rapids Guard became Company B 2nd Infantry Regiment when the regiment was organized at Grand Rapids. Over the course of the next 24 years through various reorganizations the 2nd Infantry included companies from Coldwater, Kalamazoo, Flint, Bay City, East Saginaw, Port Huron, Marquette, Niles, Ionia, Manistee, Big Rapids, Three Rivers, and Grand Haven.

In 1898, the 2nd Infantry was mobilized for the war with Spain as one of five Michigan regiments. It was redesignated the 32nd Volunteer Infantry Regiment and included twelve battalions: four from Grand Rapids, four from Detroit, and one each from Coldwater, Grand Haven, Kalamazoo and Battle Creek. The 32nd rendezvoused at Island Lake and was sent to Tampa, Florida with Colonel William T. McGurrin in command. It was just about to embark for Cuba when hostilities ceased and the 32nd returned home.

Back at home, the regiment resumed its 2nd Infantry designation and moved into a new armory. This was the first time since 1855 that all four Grand Rapids companies were located in one armory. The remaining companies were located at Coldwater, Kalamazoo, Big Rapids, Lansing, Manistee, Muskegon and Battle Creek. Owing to poor showings in annual inspections, the Manistee company was dropped for Grand Haven and a new company was organized at Manistee. The Battle Creek company also was disbanded and Adrian joined the regiment. The Lansing company was eventually redesignated as artillery, and an Ionia company joined the 2nd.

World War 1

In the summer of 1916, the 2nd was again redesignated the 32nd Regiment and mobilized for duty on the Mexican border. The organization of the 2nd included four companies from Grand Rapids, two from Kalamazoo, and one each from Coldwater, Adrian, Ionia, Grand Haven, Muskegon and Big Rapids. The 32nd returned the next spring only to find itself being activated for the World War. In September, it was ordered to Camp MacArthur, Texas, where it underwent another major reorganization to become part of the 32nd Division, which included Michigan and Wisconsin troops.

Under command of Colonel Joseph Westnedge, the 32nd became the 126th Infantry Regiment. The new regiment included the following companies: A-Coldwater, B-Adrian, C-Kalamazoo, D-Ionia, E-Ann Arbor, F-Jackson, G-Detroit, H-Detroit, I-Big Rapids/Muskegon, K-Grand Rapids, L-Grand Haven/Muskegon, and M-Grand Rapids. In addition, the regimental headquarters, machine gun company, supply company, sanitary detachment and band were all from Grand Rapids.

The regiment left the United States on 19 February 1918 bound for France. When it first arrived it was used for replacements and supply duty. Soon, the regiment, along with the 32nd Division, was sent into battle. When the war was over on November 11, the 126th had seen service in four major campaigns and earned the French Croix de Guerre. The 126th returned in May 1919 but without its dearly beloved Colonel Westnedge who had died that previous fall from the effects of mustard gas. PFC Joseph William Guyton, the first American killed on German-held territory in WWI, was posthumously awarded the French Croix de guerre.

Following the war, Colonel Earl R. Stewart reorganized the 126th with units coming from many of the same towns as those of the pre-war 32nd. The only actions the unit participated in between the World Wars were the 1936 Second Army maneuvers across Allegan County and the 1937 Flint Sit-Down Strike.

World War 2

On 15 October 1940, the 126th was headed to Louisiana along with the rest of the Red Arrow Division. The makeup of the 126th included the following units: Headquarters, Headquarters Company & Anti-Tank Platoon, Service Company, Band-Grand Rapids; 1st Battalion Headquarters Detachment-Adrian, Co A-Coldwater, Co B-Adrian, Co C-Kalamazoo, Co D-Holland; 2nd Battalion Headquarters Detachment-Muskegon, Co E-Big Rapids, Co F-Grand Haven, Co G-Muskegon, Co H-Ionia; 3rd Battalion Headquarters Detachment, Co I, Co K, Co L, Co M-all Grand Rapids.

The regiment was among the first US forces to arrive in Port Moresby in mid 1942. In Port Moresby the Regiment constructed the American base camp.

In October of 1942 a battalion of regiment was sent across the Owen Stanley Ranges via the Kapa Kapa Trail in an attempt to cut off Japanese forces retreating down the Kokoda Trail. Being unacclimatised the Battalion suffered greatly from exposure to the elements in the mountains. The troops also suffered from malaria, dysentery and their inability to tollerate bully beef rations.

The Battalion took 42 days to cross the mountains. Despite suffering no casualties from enemy action, the battalion reached the north coast after the Australians who had fought the Japanese down the Kokoda Trail. During this action the battalion earned the nickname of 'The Ghost Battalion'. General Eichelbaker noted that the survivors of the Kapa Kapa trail were in a deplorable state. It was many months before any survivors returned to combat.

The 126th participated in four major campaigns: Papua, New Guinea, Leyte and Luzon. Three soldiers earned the Medal of Honor.

Cold War and Beyond

Following the War, the 126th returned to its home stations, but over the course of the next 45 years it underwent many transformations and reorganizations. It lost its attachment to towns such as Adrian, Coldwater, Muskegon, Ionia, and Kalamazoo. For a time, Greenville, Alma and South Haven were elements of the 126th. With the loss of the 46th Division, the 126th was scaled down to a single Infantry battalion, and the 1st and 2nd battalions’ colors were retired. In the late 1990s, the companies at Grand Haven and Holland were disbanded. In 1999, the 3rd Battalion 126th Infantry was reorganized and redesignated as the 1st Battalion 126th Armor.

Following the attack on the United States on September 11, 2001, the 126th Armor was deployed to Afghanistan and Iraq as part of the War on Terrorism. On August 12, 2005, a permanent memorial to the 126th was dedicated at Camp Grayling, Michigan.

In September 2007 the 1-126 Armor officially transitioned to the 1-126 Cavalry, consisting of scout, infantry, and headquarters troops. In January 2008 the unit mobilized to Fort Hood, TX. In April 2008 they deployed to Kuwait and Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom.

The current commander of the 1-126 Cavalry is LTC Clark C. Barrett and the Squadron Command Sergeant Major is CSM Michael D. White. [ [http://www.ohionationalguard.com/37th%20BCT/Units/Bio_image%20indexes/HQ%2037th_index.htm The Ohio National Guard Web Site ] ]

References

External links

* [http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/Armored/126ArmorRegiment.htm 126th Armor Regiment Insignia Page at the Institute of Heraldry]