Nash-Healey

Nash-Healey

1951 Nash-Healey
Manufacturer	Nash Motors
Production	1951–1954
Assembly	Warwick, England Turin, Italy Kenosha, Wisconsin, USA
Class	Sports car
Body style	2-seat hardtop 2-seat roadster
Layout	FR layout
Engine	Nash Ambassador I6: 1951: 234.8 cu in (3.8 L) 125 hp (93 kW; 127 PS) 1952-1954: 252 cu in (4.1 L) 140 hp (104 kW; 142 PS)
Transmission	3-speed manual with overdrive
Wheelbase	roadster: 102 in (2,591 mm) hardtop: 108 in (2,743 mm)
Length	roadster: 170.75 in (4,337 mm) hardtop: 180.5 in (4,585 mm)[1]
Width	roadster: 64 in (1,626 mm) hardtop: 65 in (1,651 mm)
Height	roadster: 48 in (1,219 mm) hardtop: 55 in (1,397 mm)
Curb weight	2,400 lb (1,089 kg) approximate

The Nash-Healey is a two-seat sports car that was produced for the American market between 1951 and 1954. Marketed by Nash-Kelvinator Corporation with a Nash Ambassador drivetrain and a European chassis and body, it served as a halo (or image) vehicle for the automaker to promote the sales of the other Nash models. It was "America's first post-war sports car",^[2] and the first introduced in the U.S. by a major automaker since the Great Depression.^[3] The Nash-Healey was the product of a partnership between Nash-Kelvinator Corporation and British automaker Donald Healey, as well as a later restyle by Pinin Farina and subassembly in Italy.

Origin

Donald Healey and Nash-Kelvinator CEO George W. Mason met on the Queen Elizabeth, an ocean liner going from the United States to Great Britain. Healey was returning to England after his attempt to purchase engines from Cadillac, but General Motors declined his idea. His idea was expand production of the Healey Silverstone that race car driver Briggs Cunningham had customized with Cadillac’s new 1949 overhead-valve V8 engine.^[4] Mason and Healey met over dinner and a production plan ensued during the remainder of the voyage. The two became friends because they were both interested in photography. Mason had a stereo (3-D) camera that intrigued Healey.

1951

1951 Nash-Healey

Nash Motors supplied the Donald Healey Motor Company with the powertrain components: the Ambassador’s inline six-cylinder OHV 234.8 cu in (3.8 L) engine and three-speed manual transmission with Borg-Warner overdrive, plus torque tube and differential. Healey fitted a lighter, higher-compression aluminum cylinder head (in place of the cast-iron stock item) with twin 1¾” SU carburetors that were popular on British sports cars at the time. This increased power from the stock 112 hp (84 kW; 114 PS) version to 125 hp (93 kW; 127 PS). Compared to other contemporary British sports cars, the Nash-Healey's engine was long, heavy, and bulky^[5] yet Donald Healey's original plan was to use an even heavier Cadillac V8 engine. The Nash-Healey was designed with an engine bay that allowed a few later owners to convert their cars to V8 power.^[6]

The chassis was a widened and reinforced Healey Silverstone^[7] box-section ladder-type steel frame. Independent front suspension, also Healey Silverstone, was by coil springs, trailing link and sway bar. The rear suspension featured Nash's rear end and coil springs replaced the Silverstone’s leaf springs, while the beam axle was located by Panhard rod.

Healey designed the aluminum body, but it was outsourced. Panelcraft Sheet Metal of Birmingham fabricated the body.^[8] It incorporated a Nash grille, bumpers, and other trim.^[9] Healey was responsible for the car's final assembly.

The car had drum brakes all round. Wheels were steel, dressed up with full-diameter chrome hubcaps and 4-ply es 6.40 x 15 inch whitewall tires. The interior featured luxurious leather upholstery, foam rubber cushions, adjustable steering wheel, and a cigarette lighter. Completed vehicles shipped to the United States for sale through the Nash dealership network.

A prototype was exhibited at the Paris Motor Show in September 1950. The production model debuted at the February 1951 Chicago Auto Show and Donald Healey gave the first example to Petula Clark.^[8] The only colors available were "Champagne Ivory" and "Sunset Maroon", and the suggested retail price (MSRP) of US$3,767 F.O.B. New York City proved uncompetitive.^[10]

Restyle

1952 Nash-Healey roadster

Nash-Healey roadster

1953 Nash-Healey "Le Mans" coupe

The Nash Ambassador I-6 engine with twin Carters

1952

For 1952, Nash commissioned Italian designer Pinin Farina to revise Healey's original body design. One objective was to make the sports car more similar to the rest of Nash's models. The front received a Nash-style gille incorporating inboard headlights. The sides now featured a distinct fender character lines ending with small tailfins in the rear. A curved windshield replaced the previous two-piece flat windshield. The restyled car appeared at that year's Chicago Auto Show.^[11]

Carrozzeria Pininfarina in Turin built the bodies which, save for aluminum hood, trunk lid and dashboard, were now all steel.^[12] The aluminum panels, plus careful engineering, reduced curb weight.^[13] The Nash engine was now the 252 cu in (4.1 L) with American-made twin Carters producing 140 hp (104 kW; 142 PS).

Shipping costs were considerable: From Kenosha, Wisconsin the Nash engines and drivelines went to England for installation in the Healey-fabricated frames. Healey then sent the rolling chassis to Italy, where Pininfarina's craftsmen fashioned the bodywork and assembled the finished product. Finally Farina exported the cars to America. The result was a $5,908 sticker price in 1953, while the new Chevrolet Corvette was $3,513.^[14]

1953

The 1953 model year saw the introduction of a new closed coupe^[15] alongside the roadster (now termed a "convertible"). Capitalizing on the 3rd place finish at Le Mans by a lightweight racing Nash-Healey purpose-built for the race (see below), the new model was called the "Le Mans" coupe.^[16] Nash had already named the powerplant the "Le-Mans Dual Jetfire Ambassador Six" in 1952, in reference to the previous racing exploits of the lightweight competition cars.^[13]

Some describe the new design as "magnificent".^[17] Some "people didn't take to the inboard headlights".^[18] This headlight mounting was described as "Safety-Vu" concentrating illumination, and their low position increased safety under foggy situations. The 1953 "Le Mans" model was awarded first prize in March of that year in the Italian International Concours d'Elegance held at Tresa, Italy.^[19]

Leveraging the popularity of golf to promote their cars, Nash Motors and Nash dealers sponsored what the automaker described as "more than 20 major golf tournaments across the country" in 1953, and golfer Sam Snead was shown with his Nash-Healey roadster on the cover of the June 1953 issue of Nash News.^{[20] [21]}

A roadster owned by Dick Powell was driven by George Reeves, as Clark Kent, in four TV episodes of the Adventures of Superman. ^[22][23]

1954

Nash Motors became a division of American Motors Corporation (AMC) that was formed as a result of a merger with Hudson Motor Car Company in January 1954. Nash was faced with limited resources for marketing, promotion, and further development of this niche market car in comparison to its volume models.^[24] By this time AMC knew that a similar luxurious two-seat Ford Thunderbird with V8 power was being planned. In light of the low sales for the preceding years, Nash delayed introduction of the 1954 models until June 3 and discontinued the convertible, leaving just a slightly reworked "Le Mans" coupe, distinguished by a three-piece rear window instead of the previous one-piece glass.

Healy was focusing on its new Austin-Healey 100, "and the Nash-Healey had to be abandoned."^[25] Although the international shipping charges were a significant cost factor, Nash cut the POE (port of entry) price by more than $1,200 to $5,128. Production ceased in August. A few leftover 1954s were sold as 1955 models.^[26]

Racing

Panamericana pace car

A Nash-Healey served as the course car for the 1951 Carrera Panamericana, described as one of the most dangerous automobile race of any type in the world. Driven by Chuck Stevenson, the Nash-Healey ran ahead of the racers to ensure the way was clear on "the world's greatest road race".^[27]

Endurance racers

To create a racing pedigree for the marque Donald Healey built four lightweight Nash-Healeys for endurance racing^[28] Like the road cars, they had Nash Ambassador engines and drivelines. However, fitting higher-compression aluminum cylinder heads, special manifolds, and twin SU carburetors increased their power to 200 hp (149 kW; 203 PS). The cars had spartan, lightweight aluminum racing bodies. Three open versions were built, and one coupe. These cars competed in four consecutive Le Mans races and one Mille Miglia.

1950 Le Mans

Tony Rolt and Duncan Hamilton debuted the prototype at Le Mans in 1950. It was the first-ever Le Mans entry to have an overdrive transmission. Not only was the car one of the 29 finishers from the field of 66,^[29] but also finished in fourth place. This outstanding achievement sealed Healey’s contract with Nash for a limited production run of the road cars.^[30] Roger Menadue, head of Healey’s experimental department, played a significant role in the success: He filed slots in the backplates of the brakes and extended the adjusting mechanism to a small exterior lever. Thus in a matter of seconds he could adjust the brakes during pit stops without jacking the car up—an innovation that was said to save as much as half an hour at each stop.^[31]

1951 Le Mans

In the 1951 Le Mans race Rolt and Hamilton (who would win two years later in a Jaguar C-Type) took fourth in class and sixth overall behind a Jaguar, two Talbot-Lagos and two Aston Martins. They finished immediately ahead of two Ferraris and another Aston Martin.^[32]

1952 Le Mans

Scale model of the lightweight Nash-Healey that placed third in the 1952 Le Mans 24-hour race

1952 Le Mans racer (model)

In the 1952 Le Mans race, when only 17 of the 58 starters finished, the entry driven by Leslie Johnson—a driver with the flair of Nuvolari, said Louis Chiron—and motoring journalist Tommy Wisdom^[33] took third overall behind two factory-entered Mercedes-Benz 300SLs; also first in class, ahead of Chinetti's Ferrari, and second in the Rudge-Whitworth Cup for the best performance over two consecutive years. In addition they won the Motor Gold Challenge Cup. The drivers said the car was more nimble through the corners than its more exotic competitors. It delivered 13 mpg_-US (18 L/100 km; 16 mpg_-imp) and the engine needed no oil or water during the entire 24 hours.^[34] The car had been built from scratch in a fortnight, Menadue and his assistant Jock Reid fabricating the body in less than a week, by eye, without any drawings. Healey said: “That’s an ugly bugger, isn’t it, Roger?”^[31]

1952 Mille Miglia

The same year, Johnson raced the car in the Mille Miglia, the thousand-mile Italian road race that would be banned as too dangerous five years later. Daily Telegraph motoring correspondent Bill McKenzie rode as passenger.^[35] They finished a creditable seventh overall to Bracco's winning works team Ferrari, the works Mercedes-Benz 300SLs of Kling and Caracciola, and three works Lancias;^[36] they also took fourth in class. The coupe driven by Donald Healey and his son Geoffrey crashed out.^[34]

1953 Le Mans

For the 1953 Le Mans race the factory partnered Johnson with Bert Hadley in one of two cars with redesigned bodies. Johnson started from 27th place. Although he and Hadley advanced steadily up the race order they were 11th at the finish, 39 laps behind the winning Jaguar, despite an average speed of 92.45 miles per hour (148.78 km/h)—higher than the previous year’s run to third place.^[16] However, they beat both of Donald Healey's new Austin-Healey 100s. The second Nash-Healey of Veyron and Giraud-Cabantous retired after nine laps.

This concluded the factory's race program with the lightweight competition cars. The 1952 Le Mans/Mille Miglia car passed into private ownership and raced in America.^[37]

Legacy

In the wake of the heavily publicized 1955 Le Mans disaster, American Motors adopted a new advertising slogan, "Why don't we enter high-performance Rambler V-8s in racing? Because the only race Rambler cares about is the human race!"^[38][39] The automaker abandoned sporting pretensions focusing on its successful compact family-sized Rambler line, as well as its new international-based subcompact car: the Nash Metropolitan.^[40]

Production

A total of 507 production Nash-Healeys were built during its four-year model run:

1951 - 104 (roadsters) lhd N-Type plus 1 rhd G-Type G525 (An additional 30 cars were sold with Alvis or 3 L Healey engines.^[6])
1952 - 150 (roadsters)
1953 - 162 (roadsters and coupes)
1954 - 90 (coupes only)

For contextual comparison, the Nash-Healey is framed in U.S. auto history with the 1953 Kaiser Darrin, 1953 Chevrolet Corvette, and 1955 Ford Thunderbird. The 1954 model year Nash-Healey price to the public was close to $6,000 compared with around $3,500 for a Chevrolet Corvette and $3,000 for a 1955 Ford Thunderbird.^[4]

References

Inline

1. ^ http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Nash/1953%20Nash/album_002/1953%20Nash%20Healey-06-07.html
2. ^ Adler, Dennis; Shelby, Carroll (2008). 50 Cars to Drive. Globe Pequot Press. pp. 233–234. ISBN 9781599212302. http://books.google.com/books?id=ZDoYdD_evy8C&pg=PA234&dq=America's+first+post+war+sports+car,+the+magnificent+1951+Nash-Healey. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
3. ^ "Nash Builds a Sports Car". Popular Mechanics 95 (3): 107–109. March 1951. http://books.google.com/books?id=tdkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA107&dq=the+1951+Nash-Healey+design. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Wilson, Jeremy. "History and Production Notes". Popular Restorations. http://www.popularrestorations.com/Restorations/Restoration008.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
5. ^ Bonds, Ray; Robson, Graham (2003). The Illustrated Directory of Sports Cars. MBI Publishing. ISBN 9780760314203. 
6. ^ ^{a b} "1951 Nash Healey Roadster". Anamera. 26 June 2008. http://www.finecars.cc/en/detail/car/16454/index.html. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
7. ^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (24 October 2007). "1950 Healey Silverstone". http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1950-healey-silverstone.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
8. ^ ^{a b} Hulme, Ann. "From Ann Hulme". Nash Car Club. http://www.nashcarclub.org/inquiry/hulmhely.html. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
9. ^ Vance, Bill (1994). Reflections on automotive history, Volume 1. Eramosa Valley Publications. p. 137. ISBN 9780969892205. 
10. ^ Vance, Bill (16 September 2005). "Reflections: Healey’s creations helped make British sports cars popular". The London Free Press. 
11. ^ "1952 Nash-Healey". Pacific Northwest Region Nash Car Club of America. http://www.pnwnash.org/common/closeup.php?frompage=/common/gallery.php&pos=17&PageNo=1&syear=1952&eyear=1952&make=&model=&owner=&year=1952&querytype=&personid=&carid=. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
12. ^ LaChance, David (1 October 2007). "1953 Nash-Healey LeMans Coupe". Hemmings Sports & Exotic Car. http://www.hemmings.com/hsx/stories/2007/10/01/hmn_feature20.html. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
13. ^ ^{a b} Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (27 October 2007). "1952 Nash-Healey". http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1951-1955-nash-healey7.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
14. ^ Lyons, Dan (2005). Cars of the Fantastic '50s. MBI Publishing. pp. 43–45. ISBN 9780873499262. http://books.google.com/books?id=cZZ21G08u-AC&pg=PA44&dq=1953+Nash+Healey+sticker+price. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
15. ^ "Nash-Healey Adds LeMans Hardtop to Sports Line". Popular Mechanics 99 (5): 101. May 1953. http://books.google.com/books?id=aNwDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA101&dq=1952+Nash+Healey+stylin. Retrieved 18 December 2009. 
16. ^ ^{a b} Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (27 October 2007). "1953 Nash-Healey". http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1951-1955-nash-healey9.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
17. ^ Adler, Dennis; Moss, Stirling (2001). Mercedes-Benz: Silver Star Century. MBI Publishing. p. 90. ISBN 9780760309490. http://books.google.com/books?id=o1rv-nyTXPoC&pg=PA90&dq=This+was+followed+by+the+magnificent+Nash-Healey. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
18. ^ Langworth, Richard M. (1975). Kaiser-Frazer, the last onslaught on Detroit: an intimate behind the scenes study of the postwar American car industry. Automobile Quarterly Publications. p. 200. ISBN 9780915038046. 
19. ^ Conde, John (8 September 1975). "Nash-Healey (1951-54)". www.carmemories. http://www.carmemories.com/cgi-bin/viewexperience.cgi?experience_id=560. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
20. ^ Nash News (June, 1953) "Nash cashes in on the popularity of golf to sell more cars"
21. ^ "Nash-Healey Roadster - Auction 20-21/1, Listing Date: 6 December 2010". carandclassic.com. http://www.carandclassic.com/car/C198228/. Retrieved 10 January 2010. 
22. ^ Koza, Lou (15 April 2006). "This is a car ... for Superman!". The Adventures Continue Website. http://www.jimnolt.com/nashhealeyJWP1.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
23. ^ Watterson, Thomas (31 January 1991). "Collectibles: Porky Pig Meets The Big, Bad Wolf". Boston Globe. "His collection includes the "Superman car," a 1953 Nash-Healey driven by the Clark Kent character in the 1950s television series." 
24. ^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (27 October 2007). "The Nash-Healey's Demise". http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1951-1955-nash-healey12.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
25. ^ Bonds, Ray (2003). Illustrated Directory of Sports Cars. MBI Publishing. pp. 378–379. ISBN 9780760314203. http://books.google.com/books?id=FKjP9wZcFDQC&pg=PA379&dq=1952+Nash+Healey+styling. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
26. ^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (27 October 2007). "1954 and 1955 Nash-Healey". http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1951-1955-nash-healey10.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
27. ^ Tipler, Johnny; Ramirez, Jo (2008). La Carrera Panamericana: "The World's Greatest Road Race!". Veloce Publishing. p. 26. ISBN 9781845841706. http://books.google.com/books?id=RuCTDr6mafcC&pg=PA26&dq=Nash-Healey+Carrera+Panamericana. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
28. ^ "Nash-Healey at Le Mans" by Richard M. Kaufmann (Nash-Healey Car Club president), Special Interest Autos magazine, October 1970, retrieved 1 March 2008.
29. ^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (27 October 2007). "The Nash-Healey and the 1950 LeMans 24 Hours". http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1951-1955-nash-healey4.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
30. ^ Conde, John. "Nash-Healey (1951-54)" 8 September 1975, retrieved 25 February 2008.
31. ^ ^{a b} "Roger Menadue: Motor engineer whose unorthodox approach fuelled the race-circuit success of the Healey's stable". The Times. 22 March 2003. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article1121802.ece. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
32. ^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (27 October 2007). "1951 Nash-Healey". http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1951-1955-nash-healey5.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
33. ^ "Image Preview: Tommy Wisdom, winner of the Grand Turismo Class of the Mille miglia". Motoring Picture Library. 2004. http://www.motoringpicturelibrary.com/preview_image.asp?lcID=31&fleID=3200. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
34. ^ ^{a b} Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (27 October 2007). "The Nash-Healey's 1952 Racing Record". http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1951-1955-nash-healey8.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
35. ^ Car Keys "Sports Cars on Stamps" 12 August 2004, retrieved 12 March 2008.
36. ^ World Sports Racing Prototypes, Non Championship Races 1952, Mille Miglia results, retrieved 22 March 2008.
37. ^ Wheels TV Film about the 1952 Le Mans/Mille Miglia Nash Healey; includes Le Mans footage, retrieved 22 March 2008.
38. ^ American Motors Corporation (12 June 1964). "Only race Rambler cares about is the human race". Life 56 (24): 129. http://books.google.com/books?id=W0EEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA129&dq=%22only+race+Rambler+cares+about+is+the+human+race. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
39. ^ Mitchell, Larry G. (2000). AMC muscle cars. MBI Publishing. p. 12. ISBN 9780760307618. http://books.google.com/books?id=JHVaQFDrx_MC&pg=PA1954&dq=%22only+race+Rambler+cares+about+is+the+human+race. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 
40. ^ Foster, Pat (1 October 2005). "Developing the Metropolitan". Hemmings Classic Car. http://www.hemmings.com/hcc/stories/2005/10/01/hmn_feature17.html. Retrieved 10 January 2011. 

General

• Conde, John A. (1987). The American Motors Family Album. American Motors Corporation. OCLC 3185581. 
• Gunnell, John, ed (1987). The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1946-1975. Krause Publications. ISBN 9780873410960. 
• Clarke, R.M. (1997). Nash & Nash-Healey: 1949-1957. Brooklands Books. ISBN 9781855203662. 
• Classic and Sportscar magazine, June 1996.
• The Motor magazine, July 1946.

External links

• Article written by Richard M. Kauffman (Nash-Healey Car Club president) October, 1970
• Postage stamp with the 1952 Nash-Healey issued by the USPS in 2005