- Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 710
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Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 710 Accident summary Date 17 March 1960 Type In-flight disintegration Site Cannelton, Indiana
37°54′39.62″N 86°37′58.83″W / 37.9110056°N 86.6330083°WCoordinates: 37°54′39.62″N 86°37′58.83″W / 37.9110056°N 86.6330083°WPassengers 57 Crew 6 Fatalities 63 (all) Survivors 0 Aircraft type Lockheed L-188 Electra Operator Northwest Orient Airlines Tail number N121US Flight origin Chicago Midway Airport, Chicago, Illinois Destination Miami International Airport, Miami, Florida Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 710, a Lockheed L-188 Electra, disintegrated in-flight and crashed near Cannelton, Indiana (10 miles east of Tell City, Indiana) on March 17, 1960. The flight carried 57 passengers and 6 crew members. There were no survivors.
Contents
Crash and causes
Flight 710 was a regularly scheduled flight departing Minneapolis-St. Paul to Miami with a stop at Chicago Midway Airport. Radio contact with the Indianapolis Control Center was made at approximately 3:00 pm local time. About 15 minutes later, witnesses reported seeing the airplane break into two pieces with the right wing falling as one piece and the remainder of the craft plunging to earth near Tell City in southern Indiana.[1]
At the time, investigators organized by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) worked on three major theories:
—That a bomber blew up the plane and its passengers and crew members as they passed over southern Indiana on a Chicago-to-Miami flight.
—That violent air turbulence could have destroyed the craft, the first Electra purchased by Northwest and in service only seven months. Such turbulence was reported over southern Indiana at about the time of the crash.
—That the plane disintegrated through "metal fatigue" which has caused other crashes of high-speed airliners recently. The crash was the third Electra disaster in a little more than a year and the third unexplained accident in four months. It came within days of the Washington hearings on the death of 34 persons in a National Airlines plane crash near Bolivia, North Carolina (that disaster was later discovered to have been due to a bomb).
"Obviously, this plane broke up in the air," CAB spokesman Edward Slattery said at the time. "It is too early to tell the cause of the tragedy, but we will investigate all possibilities, including a bomb." (Edwardsville Examiner, March 19, 1960)
The New York Times reported that at 5:44 P.M., an hour and a half after news of the crash in the snow-covered Indiana-Kentucky border country, an anonymous caller told the Chicago police that a bomb had been placed aboard a plane at Midway Airport. The police searched the airport, but found nothing and said that they were convinced the call was a prank. The operator said she thought the caller was a young teenager.
The craft's fuselage plunged into an Ohio River country farm and disintegrated. The Federal Bureau of Investigation sent agents to the scene to determine whether there was any violation of Federal law. Such an investigation would include the possibility of sabotage. State Police Sgt. Joe O'Brien said that the plane was last heard from over Scotland, Indiana, about 37 miles (60 km) from the crash site. He said the pilot, Capt. Edgar LaParle, had reported rumble and the weather was very muggy and cloudy.
So much wreckage rained over a wide area, as the plane came apart in the air, that it was first believed that two planes had collided. However, the Federal Aviation Agency and the State Police said that all the pieces they could find were from one plane — Northwest's Lockheed Electra Flight 710. A wing and two engines of the wrecked turboprop were found about five miles (8 km) from the place where the plane's fuselage hit. Almost nothing was left of the craft. Hours after the crash, a column of blue-gray smoke still rose from the crater, about 25 ft (7.6 m) deep and 40 ft (12 m) wide.
Among the victims were Judge John A. Sharbaro of Chicago, 71-year-old jurist who helped prosecute Nathan Leopold and Richard Loeb for the "crime of the century" murder of little Bobby Franks in 1924; the wife and three children of Morris Chalfen, producer of the Holiday on Ice skating shows (they were flying from their Minneapolis home to a Florida vacation); Masami Nakamura, 43, a Tokyo police superintendent touring the United States; Chiyoki Ikeda, 39, a CIA training commander and Mrs. Andy Frain of Chicago, mother of six and wife of the nation's top expert on controlling crowds at such gatherings as the World Series and presidential conventions.
In an ironic postscript, a grief-stricken husband and father of four of the plane crash victims almost followed his loved ones in violent death, a day after the Tell City disaster. Morris C. Chalfen of Minneapolis, was among the 73 persons buffeted about a Northwest Airlines Stratocruiser when it dived 300 ft (91 m) to avoid crashing into two National Guard jets. "Chalfen's wife and three children were killed Thursday when another Northwest Airliner disintegrated in the air over Tell City, Ind. Northwest officials here said the near-collision occurred while the airliner was flying over Lansing, Mich. (Edwardsville Examiner, March 19, 1960)."
NASA, Boeing and Lockheed engineers determined that the probable cause for the accident was in-flight separation of the right wing while cruising at 18,000 ft (5,500 m) due to flutter caused by unexplained reduced stiffness of the engine mounts. This was subsequently defined as "whirl mode."[2][3] Six months earlier, a Braniff International Airways L-188 Electra disintegrated over Buffalo, Texas at 15,000 ft (4,600 m), killing all on board.[2] This second similar crash moved the Federal Aviation Administration to immediately issue a reduced cruise speed directive while investigators tried to determine the cause of the fatal crashes.
Kiwanis Electra Memorial
The citizens of Perry County and the Cannelton Kiwanis Club raised funds for a memorial at the site of the 1960 crash. Dedicated in 1961, the Kiwanis Electra Memorial marks the site. It is located on Millstone Road, which may be reached via Indiana highways 66 and 166, eight miles (13 km) east of Cannelton, Indiana.
Cannelton newspaper editor and civic booster Bob Cummings wrote the words which are inscribed on the memorial along with the names and symbols of the religious faiths of those who died aboard the plane. The inscription reads: "This memorial, dedicated to the memory of 63 persons who died in an airplane crash at this location, March 17, 1960, was erected by public subscription in the hope that such tragedies will be eliminated."
See also
- List of notable accidents and incidents on commercial aircraft
References
- ^ "Disasters: Why This Failure . . .". TIME. March 28, 1960. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,826119,00.html. Retrieved 2009-12-6.
- ^ a b "NASA Wind Tunnel Tests"
- ^ NWA 710 Accident Report
External links
- CAB Aircraft Accident Report on Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 710
- Accident description at the Aviation Safety Network
- Newspaper article recalling 50 years of service in maintaining the memorial site by local residents
- CIA Operative on Flight 710
- Comprehensive details of accident with additional references and authentic video simulation of crash
Mar 17 Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 710
May 01 U-2 incident
Jun 10 Trans Australia Airlines Flight 538
Jul 15 Ethiopian Airlines Flight 372Oct 04 Eastern Air Lines Flight 375
Oct 29 Cal Poly football team
Dec 16 New York disaster
Dec 17 Munich Convair 340 crashIncidents resulting in at least 50 deaths shown in italics. Deadliest incident shown in bold smallcaps. Categories:- Aviation accidents and incidents in 1960
- Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States
- In-flight airliner structural failures
- Disasters in Indiana
- Accidents and incidents involving the Lockheed L-188 Electra
- Monuments and memorials in Indiana
- Buildings and structures in Perry County, Indiana
- 1960 in Indiana
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