List of avant-garde artists

Avant-garde (pronounced IPA|/ɑvɑ̃ gɑʁd/) in French means "front guard", "advance guard", or "vanguard".Cite web|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=avant-garde|title=Avant-garde definitions|accessdate=2007-03-14|publisher=Lexico Publishing Group, LLC|work=Dictionary.com] The term is commonly used in French, English, and German to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art and culture.

Avant-garde represents a pushing of the boundaries of what is accepted as the norm or the status quo, primarily in the cultural realm. The notion of the existence of the avant-garde is considered by some to be a hallmark of modernism, as distinct from postmodernism. Postmodernism posits that the age of the constant pushing of boundaries is no longer with us and that avant-garde has little to no applicability in the age of Postmodern art.

Avant Garde: Visual Artist

*Joseph Beuys (German Artist) [See Claudia Schmuckli: ‘Chronology and Selected Exhibition History,’ in Joseph Beuys: Actions, Vitrines, Environments (Tate, 2005).This account of Beuys’s biography is indebted to Schmuckli’s chronology.]
*Constantin Brancusi (sculptor) [http://www.brain-juice.com/cgi-bin/show_bio.cgi?p_id=108 "Constantin Brancusi"] at brainjuice.com. (Accessed March 27, 2007.)]
*Georges Braque (painter) [ [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/braque_georges.html Artcyclopedia] - Links to Braque's works and information]
*David Burliuk. painter, illustrator
*Wladimir Burliuk, illustrator, Jack of Diamonds
*Giorgio de Chirico (painter) [Giorgio de Chirico in the Museum of Modern Art]
*Marcel Duchamp (French artist) [Calvin Tomkins: "Duchamp: A Biography".]
*Naum Gabo (sculptor) [ [http://www.tate.org.uk/research/researchservices/archive/ Naum Gabo at the Tate Gallery Archive] ]
*Alberto Giacometti (sculptor) [James Lord (1997) "Giacometti: A Biography", Farrar, Straus and Giroux* Alberto Giacometti. Kunsthaus Zürich, 2001; New York, The Museum of Modern Art, 2001-2002.]
*Julio González (sculptor) [ [http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_55.html Guggenheim Museum biography] ]
*Wassily Kandinsky (Russian artist) [Hajo Düchting. "Wassily Kandinsky 1866–1944: A Revolution in Painting". (Taschen, 2000). ISBN 3-8228-5982-6]
*Damien Hirst (painter/sculptor)
*Allan Kaprow (painter/happenings)Citation
last =Cotter
first =Holland
publication-date =November 19, 1999
title =ART IN REVIEW; Allan Kaprow and Robert Watts -- 'Experiments in the Everyday'
periodical =The New York Times
url =http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C03E5D6173CF93AA25752C1A96F958260&fta=y
accessdate =2008-04-29]
*Roger Kemp (Pioneer Australian abstractionist)
*Willem de Kooning (painter) [ [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9029596/Willem-de-Kooning Willem de Kooning, Britannica.com, p1] ]
*El Lissitzky (Russian artist) [cite book | author=Mayakovsky, Vladimir; El Lissitzky | title=For the Voice (Dlia golosa) | publisher=The MIT Press | year=2000 | id=ISBN 0-262-13377-6]
*Kazimir Malevich (Russian artist) [ [http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_94.html Guggenheim: Kazimir Malevich] ]
*Henri Matisse (painter) [Hilary Spurling. "The Unknown Matisse: A Life of Henri Matisse, Vol. 1, 1869-1908". London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1998. ISBN 0-679-43428-3.]
*Piet Mondrian (Dutch artist) [Hans Locher: "Piet Mondrian. Colour, Structure, and Symbolism". Bern-Berlin: Verlag Gachnang & Springer, 1994. ISBN 978-3-906127-44-6]
*Henry Moore (sculptor) [ [http://www.sculpture.org/documents/scmag01/julaug01/moore/moore.shtml Review in Sculpture Magazine] ]
*Barnett Newman (painter) ["Barnett Newman Selected Writings and Interviews", (ed.) by John P. O'Neill, University of California Press, 1990.]
*Georgia O'Keeffe (American artist) [Roxana Robinson. 1990. Georgia O'Keeffe: A life. Bloomsbury, London. ISBN 0-7475-0557-8]
*Claes Oldenburg (sculptor) [ [http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_121.html Oldenburg Biography at the Guggenheim Museum] ]
*Yoko Ono (Japanese-American sculptor/installation artist/musician)
*Francis Picabia (painter)
*Pablo Picasso (painter and sculptor)
*Antoine Pevsner (sculptor)
*Jackson Pollock (painter)Piper, David. "The Illustrated History of Art", ISBN 0753701790, p460-461.]
*Robert Rauschenberg (painter)cite news
url= http://www.csmonitor.com/durable/1997/11/28/feat/arts.1.html
title= Rauschenberg's Signature on the Century
work= Christian Science Monitor
date= 28 November, 1997
author= Marlena Donohue
quote= Rauschenberg's mammoth career retrospective at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (and other New York sites) from Sept. 19 to Jan. 7, 1998… along with longtime friends pre-Pop painter Jasper Johns and the late conceptual composer John Cage, Rauschenberg pretty much defined the technical and philosophic art landscape and its offshoots after Abstract Expressionism. ]
*Ad Reinhardt (painter) [ [http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_133A.html Ad Reinhardt bio at Guggenheim Museum site] ]
*Alexander Rodchenko (Russian artist)
*Olga Rozanova (Russian artist)
*David Smith (sculptor)
*Kenneth Snelson (sculptor)
*Frank Stella (painter) [ [http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_148.html Frank Stella Biography, Guggenheim Museum] ]

*Vladimir Tatlin (Russian artist)
*Sergei Tretyakov (Russian artist)
*Andy Warhol (painter) [ [http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O%3AAD%3AE%3A6246&page_number=1&template_id=6&sort_order=1 Andy Warhol at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)] ]

Avant Garde:Architects

*Steve Baer
*Le Corbusier
*Norman Foster
*Buckminster Fuller
*Frank Geary
*Walter Gropius
*Louis Kahn
*Rem Koolhaas
*I. M. Pei
*Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
*Eero Saarinen
*Ettore Sottsass
*Frank Lloyd Wright

Avant Garde:Jazz, composers, performance artists

*Laurie Anderson (American composer)
*Louis Armstrong (American pioneer of jazz)
*John Balance (Music Composer, poet)
*Graham Bowers (British artist and composer)
*Glenn Branca (American guitarist and composer)
*Harold Budd (American composer)
*John Cage (American composer)
*Les Claypool (American musician, singer, bassist, film maker, novelist, composer)
*Ornette Coleman (American jazz musician)
*John Coltrane (American jazz musician)
*Ivor Cutler (Scottish avant-musician and poet)
*Miles Davis (American jazz musician)
*Eric Dolphy (American jazz musician)
*Brian Eno (English musician and composer)
*Morton Feldman (American composer)
*Diamanda Galás (American Musician, composer and performance artist)
*Philip Glass (American composer)
*Dave Holland (British jazz musician)
*Roland Kirk (American jazz musician)
*Bill Laswell (Avant-Garde musician)
*Lydia Lunch (American singer, poet, writer and actress)
*Angus MacLise (American percussionist)
*Charles Mingus (American jazz musician)
*Thelonius Monk (American jazz musician)
*Max Neuhaus (composer)
*Mike Oldfield (English composer)
*Yoko Ono (Japanese artist and musician)
*Mike Patton (American musician, singer and composer)
*Pharoah Sanders (American jazz musician)
*Archie Shepp (American jazz musician)
*Sun Ra (Free jazz innovator)
*Steve Reich (American composer)
*Terry Riley (American composer)
*Arthur Russell (American musician, singer and composer)
*Karlheinz Stockhausen (German composer)
*Igor Stravinsky (Russian composer)
*Arto Tunçboyacıyan (Armenian vocalist, multiinstrumentalist)
*Aphex Twin (electronica)
*Edgard Varèse (French composer, later naturalized American citizen)
*Igor Wakhevitch (French composer)
*Robert Wyatt (English singer and songwriter)
*Iannis Xenakis (Greek composer and architect)
*La Monte Young (American composer)
*Frank Zappa (American composer, guitarist and satirist)

Avant Garde: bands/musicians

*Autopsia (Czech post-industrial band)
*Beck (alternative singer)
*Björk (Icelandic experimental singer)
*Captain Beefheart (experimental rock singer)
*Boredoms (Japanese noise band)
*Arthur Brown (English rock singer and performer)
*Buckethead (American composer and guitarist)
*John Cale (Welsh musician)
*Can (Avant-garde rock band)
*Chris Connelly (Alternative singer and songwriter)
*Einstürzende Neubauten (German industrial band)
*Fantômas (Noise metal band)
*Kayo Dot (American avant-rock band)
*Meshuggah (Swedish experimental progressive metal band)cite web
url = http://www.nuclearblastusa.com/bands/meshuggah.html
publisher = Nuclear Blast
title = Meshuggah
author =
accessdate = 2008-06-10]
*Public Image Ltd (British post-punk band)
*Rasputina (Experimental rock band)
*The Residents (American avant-rock band)
*Sigh (Japanese avant-garde black metal band)
*They Might Be Giants (Alternative Band)
*Ours To Destroy (avant-garde folk rock band)
*Radiohead (alternative rock band)
*Sonic Youth (American alternative band)
*Throbbing Gristle (experimental Industrial Band)
*TV on the Radio (Avant-garde rock band)
*Unexpect (Canadian avant-garde metal group)
*The Velvet Underground (protopunk, avant-garde, taboo drones)
*John Zorn (American musician and composer)
*Patti Smith (American singer)

Avant Garde: authors, playwrights, actors, directors (theater) and poets

*JoAnne Akalaitis (writer/director/ Mabou Mines)
*Antonin Artaud (French playwright)
*James Graham Ballard (British author)
*Julian Beck (actor/director/ The Living Theater)
*Samuel Beckett (Irish playwright)
*André Breton (French author)
*William S. Burroughs (author, poet, essayist)
*Jim Carroll (avant-garde poet)
*Louis-Ferdinand Celine (author)
*Gregory Corso (experimental Beat poet)
*E. E. Cummings (poet)
*Jeffrey Daniels (American Poet)
*Guy Debord (French artist and philosopher)
*Richard Foreman (American Director/designer/playwright/compositional theater maker)
*Akasegawa Genpei (Japanese artist and novelist)
*Allen Ginsberg (poet)
*James Joyce (writer)
*Lajos Kassák (1887-1967, Hungarian avant-garde poet and painter)
*Srečko Kosovel (Slovene poet)
*Jackson Mac Low, American poet
*Judith Malina (actor/director/ The Living Theater)
*Henry Miller (author)
*Anaïs Nin (French diarist, author, poet)
*Alain Robbe-Grillet (French author, playwright, filmmaker)
*Gertrude Stein ((author, essayist)
*Ellen Stewart (theater director/ La MaMa)
*Tristan Tzara (Romanian poet)
*William Carlos Williams (American poet)
*Robert Wilson (director)

Avant garde: photographers, filmmakers, video artists, directors

*John Abraham 1937-1987 (Indian Movie Director)
*Kenneth Anger (American filmmaker)
*Diane Arbus (American photographer)
*Matthew Barney (American performance artist, filmmaker, photographer)
*Stan Brakhage (American filmmaker)
*Luis Buñuel (Spanish filmmaker)
*Jean Cocteau (French poet, artist, filmmaker)
*Tony Conrad (American video artist, experimental filmmaker)
*Maya Deren (American filmmaker)
*Jean-Luc Godard (French filmmaker)
*Ken Jacobs (American filmmaker)
*Alejandro Jodorowsky (director)
*David Lynch (American filmmaker)
*Robert Mapplethorpe (American photographer)
*Jonas Mekas (American filmmaker)
*Mamoru Oshii (Japanese filmmaker)
*Man Ray (American/French, photographer and filmmaker)
*Alain Resnais (French filmmaker)
*Jean Rouch Ethnographic filmmaker
*Jack Smith (American filmmaker)
*Andy Warhol (American artist)
*Fred Worden (American filmmaker)

Avant garde: Dancers and Choreographers

*Loie Fuller (pioneer of modern dance)
*Isadora Duncan (pioneer of modern dance)
*Vaslav Nijinsky (pioneer of modern dance)
*Léonide Massine (pioneer of modern dance)
*Ruth St. Denis (pioneer of modern dance)
*Ted Shawn (pioneer of modern dance)
*Doris Humphrey (pioneer of modern dance)
*Charles Weidman (pioneer of modern dance)
*Hanya Holm (pioneer of modern dance)
*Helen Tamiris (pioneer of modern dance)
*Martha Graham (American dancer, choreographer)
*Anna Sokolow (American dancer, choreographer)
*Merce Cunningham (American dancer, choreographer)
*Alwin Nikolais (American dancer, choreographer)
*Twyla Tharp (American choreographer, dancer)
*Lucinda Childs (American dancer, choreographer)
*Deborah Hay (American dancer, choreographer)
*Anna Halprin, (American dancer, choreographer)
*Yvonne Rainer (American dancer, choreographer)
*Trisha Brown (American dancer, choreographer)

Other

*James Lee (Korean anthropologist)
*Yuri Landman (Experimental instrument builder)

ee also

*Russian avant-garde
*Bohemianism
*Intelligentsia
*Experimental film
*Experimental music
*Experimental theatre
*Experimental literature
*Modernism

ources

* Cage, John. 1961. "Silence: Lectures and Writings". Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. Unaltered reprints: Weslyan University press, 1966 (pbk), 1967 (cloth), 1973 (pbk ["First Wesleyan paperback edition"] , 1975 (unknown binding); Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1971; London: Calder & Boyars, 1968, 1971, 1973 ISBN 0714505269 (cloth) ISBN 0714510432 (pbk). London: Marion Boyars, 1986, 1999 ISBN: 0714510432 (pbk); [n.p.] : Reprint Services Corporation, 1988 (cloth) ISBN 9991178015 [In particular the essays "Experimental Music", pp. 7–12, and "Experimental Music: Doctrine", pp. 13–17.]
* Cope, David. 1997. "Techniques of the Contemporary Composer". New York, New York: Schirmer Books. ISBN 0-02-864737-8.
* Mauceri, Frank X. 1997. "From Experimental Music to Musical Experiment". "Perspectives of New Music" 35, no. 1 (Winter): 187-204.
* Meyer, Leonard B. 1994. "Music, the Arts, and Ideas: Patterns and Predictions in Twentieth-Century Culture". Second edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-52143-5
* Nicholls, David. 1998. "Avant-garde and Experimental Music." In "Cambridge History of American Music". Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521454298
* Nyman, Michael. 1974. "Experimental Music: Cage and Beyond". New York: Schirmer Books. ISBN 0028712005. Second edition, Cambridge & New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. ISBN 0521652979
*A. L. Rees, A History of Experimental Film and Video (BFI, 1999).
*Malcolm Le Grice, Abstract Film and Beyond (MIT, 1977).
*Scott MacDonald, A Critical Cinema, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988, 1992 and 1998).
*Scott MacDonald, Avant-Garde Film: Motion Studies (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993).
*James Peterson, Dreams of Chaos, Visions of Order: Understanding the American Avant-Garde Cinema (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1994).
*Jack Sargeant, Naked Lens: Beat Cinema (Creation, 1997).
*P. Adams Sitney, Visionary Film: The American Avant-Garde, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1974).
*Michael O’Pray, Avant-Garde Film: Forms, Themes and Passions (London: Wallflower Press, 2003).
*David Curtis (ed.), A Directory of British Film and Video Artists (Arts Council, 1999).
*David Curtis, Experimental Cinema - A Fifty Year Evolution. (London. Studio Vista. 1971)
*Wheeler Winston Dixon, The Exploding Eye: A Re-Visionary History of 1960s American Experimental Cinema. (Albany, NY. State University of New York Press, 1997)
*Wheeler Winston Dixon and Gwendolyn Audrey Foster (eds.) Experimental Cinema - The Film Reader, (London: Routledge, 2002)
*Stan Brakhage. Film at Wit's End - Essays on American Independent Filmmakers. (Edinburgh, Polygon. 1989)
*Stan Brakhage. Essential Brakhage - Selected Writings on Filmmaking. (New York, McPherson. 2001)
*Parker Tyler, Underground Film: A Critical History. (New York: Grove Press, 1969)
* Saunders, Frances Stonor, [http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/43114251&referer=brief_results "The cultural cold war: the CIA and the world of arts and letters"] (New York: New Press: Distributed by W.W. Norton & Co., 2000) ISBN 1-56584-596-X
* O'Connor, Francis V. [http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/165852&referer=brief_results "Jackson Pollock"] [exhibition catalogue] (New York, Museum of Modern Art, [1967] ) OCLC 165852
* "The Philosophy and Politics of Abstract Expressionism 1940-1960" Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2000 ISBN 0-521-65154-9
* Tapié, Michel. [http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/62515192&referer=brief_results "Hans Hofmann: peintures 1962 : 23 avril-18 mai 1963."] (Paris: Galerie Anderson-Mayer, 1963.) [exhibition catalogue and commentary] OCLC: 62515192
* Tapié, Michel. [http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/30601793?tab=details "Pollock"] (Paris, P. Facchetti, 1952) OCLC: 30601793
*
*cite book |last=Graham |first=Martha |title=Blood Memory: An autobiography |year=1991 |publisher=Doubleday |location=NYC |id=ISBN 0-385-26503-4
*cite book |last=Freedman |first=Russell |title=Martha Graham: A Dancer's Life |year=1998 |publisher=Clarion Books |location=NYC |id=ISBN 0-395-74655-8
*cite book |last=Horosko |first=Marian |title=Martha Graham: The Evolution of Her Dance Theory and Training |year=2002 |publisher=Univ. Press of Florida |location=Gainesville, FL |id=ISBN 0-8130-2473-0
*cite book |last=Morgan |first=Barbara |title=Martha Graham: Sixteen Dances in Photographs |year=1980 |publisher=Morgan & Morgan |id=ISBN 0-87100-176-4
*cite book |last=Tracy |first=Robert |title=Goddess - Martha Graham's Dancers Remember |year=1997 |publisher=Limelight Editions |location=Pompton Plains, NJ |id=ISBN 0-87910-086-9
*cite book |last=Bird |first=Dorothy |coauthors=Greenberg, Joyce |title=Bird's Eye View: Dancing With Martha Graham and on Broadway |year=2002 reprint |publisher=Univ. of Pittsburgh Press |location=Pittsburgh, PA |id=ISBN 0-8229-5791-4

References

External links

* [http://www.dekaro.it/soviet.html "Why did Soviet Photographic Avant-garde decline?"]