United States Court of International Trade

United States Court of International Trade
The James L. Watson Court of International Trade Building on Foley Square

The United States Court of International Trade is an Article III court, with full powers in law and equity. The Customs Court Act of 1980 replaced the old United States Customs Court with the United States Court of International Trade. The Court has nine sitting Judges, as well as Senior Judges. The Court sits in New York City, although it is authorized to sit elsewhere, including in foreign nations.

Contents

Jurisdiction

The Court possesses limited subject matter jurisdiction, meaning that it may hear only cases involving particular international trade and customs law questions. For example, the Court hears disputes such as those involving protests filed with U.S. Customs and Border Protection, decisions regarding Trade Adjustment Assistance by the United States Department of Labor or United States Department of Agriculture, customs broker licensing, and disputes relating to determinations made by the United States International Trade Commission and the Department of Commerce's International Trade Administration regarding antidumping and countervailing duties.

There is one notable exception to the Court's jurisdiction. In cases involving antidumping and countervailing duties imposed on Canadian or Mexican merchandise, an interested party can request that the case be heard before a special ad hoc binational panel organized under Chapter 19 of the 1988 Canadian-U.S. Free Trade Agreement.

Procedure

Most cases are heard by a single judge. If a case challenges the constitutionality of a U.S. law or has important implications regarding the administration or interpretation of the customs laws, then it may be heard by a three-judge panel. Many Judges of the Court of International Trade also regularly sit by designation on three-judge panels of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.

Although the Court maintains its own rules of procedure, they are patterned for the most part on the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The court has held that decisions interpreting the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure are "instructive" in interpreting its own rules.

Appeals from the Court of International Trade are heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which normally sits in Washington, D.C. Further appeals from the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit are heard by the Supreme Court of the United States.

Courthouse

The James L. Watson Court of International Trade Building, located on Foley Square in lower Manhattan in New York City, houses the court. It is also known as 1 Federal Plaza and is adjacent to the Jacob K. Javits Federal Building.

The building is named for James L. Watson, a judge of the United States Customs Court. The legislation naming the building for Watson was authored by U.S. Representative Charles Rangel of New York.[1]

Judges and Senior Judges (current as of June 2011)

There will be another vacancy on the court when Evan Wallach takes his commission to be a Circuit Judge for the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, to which position he was confirmed by the Senate on November 8, 2011.

Judge Began active
service
Ended active
service
Ended senior
service
Appointed by
Restani, Jane A.Jane A. Restani[2] 1983 - - Ronald Reagan
Carman, Gregory W.Gregory W. Carman[3] 1983 - - Ronald Reagan
Pogue, Donald C.Donald C. Pogue 1995 - - Bill Clinton
Wallach, EvanEvan Wallach 1995 - - Bill Clinton
Ridgway, Delissa A.Delissa A. Ridgway 1998 - - Bill Clinton
Eaton, Richard K.Richard K. Eaton 1999 - - Bill Clinton
Stanceu, Timothy C.Timothy C. Stanceu 2003 - - George W. Bush
Gordon, Leo M.Leo M. Gordon 2006 - - George W. Bush
(vacant since 2011-06-02 - formerly Barzilay) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a)
Aquilino, Jr., Thomas J.Thomas J. Aquilino, Jr. 1985 2004 - Ronald Reagan
Tsoucalas, NicholasNicholas Tsoucalas 1986 1996 - Ronald Reagan
Musgrave, R. KentonR. Kenton Musgrave 1987 1997 - Ronald Reagan
Goldberg, Richard W.Richard W. Goldberg 1991 2001 - George H.W. Bush
Barzilay, Judith M.Judith M. Barzilay 1998 2011 - Bill Clinton

Past Judges

Judge Began active
service
Ended active
service
Ended senior
service
Appointed by
Watson, James LopezJames Lopez Watson 1966 1991 2001 (death) Lyndon Johnson
Re, Edward DominicEdward Dominic Re 1968 1991[4] - Lyndon Johnson
Newman, BernardBernard Newman 1968 1983 1999 (death) Lyndon Johnson
DiCarlo, Dominick L.Dominick L. DiCarlo 1984 1996[5] 2009 (death) Ronald Reagan
Rao, Paul PeterPaul Peter Rao 1948 ? ? Harry Truman
Richardson, ScovelScovel Richardson 1957 ? ? Dwight Eisenhower
Landis, Jr., FrederickFrederick Landis, Jr. 1965 ? ? Lyndon Johnson
Maletz, Herbert NaamanHerbert Naaman Maletz 1967 ? ? Lyndon Johnson
Rosenstein, Samuel MurraySamuel Murray Rosenstein 1968 ? ? Lyndon Johnson
Boe, Nils AndreasNils Andreas Boe 1971 ? ? Richard Nixon

U.S. Customs Court Judges

Judge Began active
service
Ended active
service
Appointed by
Ham, Charles H.Charles H. Ham 1890 1902 Benjamin Harrison
Jewell, James A.James A. Jewell 1890 1903 Benjamin Harrison
Sharpe, George H.George H. Sharpe 1890 1900 Benjamin Harrison
Sharretts, Thaddeus S.Thaddeus S. Sharretts 1890 1913 Benjamin Harrison
Shurtleff, Ferdinand N.Ferdinand N. Shurtleff 1890 1899 Benjamin Harrison
Somerville, Henderson M.Henderson M. Somerville 1890 1915 Benjamin Harrison
Stackpole, Joseph LewisJoseph Lewis Stackpole 1890 1891 Benjamin Harrison
Tichenor, George C.George C. Tichenor 1890 1902 Benjamin Harrison
Wilkinson, Jr., Joseph BiddleJoseph Biddle Wilkinson, Jr. 1890 1900 Benjamin Harrison
Lunt, Wilbur FiskWilbur Fisk Lunt 1891 1907 Benjamin Harrison
Howell, William BarberieWilliam Barberie Howell 1899 1927 William McKinley
Fischer, Israel FredrickIsrael Fredrick Fischer 1899 1940 William McKinley
De Vries, MarionMarion De Vries 1900 1910 William McKinley
Waite, Byron SylvesterByron Sylvester Waite 1902 1930 Theodore Roosevelt
Hay, Eugene GanoEugene Gano Hay 1903 1924 Theodore Roosevelt
McClelland, Charles PaulCharles Paul McClelland 1903 1939 Theodore Roosevelt
Chamberlain, RoyRoy Chamberlain 1908 1913 Theodore Roosevelt
Cooper, Samuel BronsonSamuel Bronson Cooper 1910 1918 William H. Taft
Brown, George StewartGeorge Stewart Brown 1913 1941 Woodrow Wilson
Sullivan, Jerry BartholomewJerry Bartholomew Sullivan 1913 1948 Woodrow Wilson
Adamson, William CharlesWilliam Charles Adamson 1917 1928 Woodrow Wilson
Weller, George EmeryGeorge Emery Weller 1919 1932 Woodrow Wilson
Young, George M.George M. Young 1924 1932 Calvin Coolidge
Cline, Genevieve RoseGenevieve Rose Cline 1928 1959 Calvin Coolidge
Tilson, William JosiahWilliam Josiah Tilson 1928 1949 Calvin Coolidge
Evans, Walter HowardWalter Howard Evans 1931 1959 Herbert Hoover
Kincheloe, David HayesDavid Hayes Kincheloe 1931 1950 Herbert Hoover
Dallinger, Fredrick WilliamFredrick William Dallinger 1932 1955 Herbert Hoover
Keefe, William JohnWilliam John Keefe 1933 1955 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Oliver, WebsterWebster Oliver 1940 1969 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Walker, Thomas JosephThomas Joseph Walker 1940 1945 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Cole, William PurringtonWilliam Purrington Cole 1942 1952 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Ekwall, William AlexanderWilliam Alexander Ekwall 1942 1956 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Lawrence, Charles DrummondCharles Drummond Lawrence 1943 1975 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Ford, MorganMorgan Ford 1949 1980 Harry Truman
Johnson, Jed JosephJed Joseph Johnson 1947 1963 Harry Truman
Mollison, Irving CharlesIrving Charles Mollison 1945 1962 Harry Truman
Rao, Paul PeterPaul Peter Rao 1948 1980[6] Harry Truman
Wilson, David JohnDavid John Wilson 1954 1976 Dwight Eisenhower
Alger, Mary DonlonMary Donlon Alger 1955 1977 Dwight Eisenhower
Richardson, ScovelScovel Richardson 1957 1980[6] Dwight Eisenhower
Nichols, Jr., PhilipPhilip Nichols, Jr. 1964 1966 Lyndon Johnson
Landis, Jr., FrederickFrederick Landis, Jr. 1965 1980[6] Lyndon Johnson
Watson, James LopezJames Lopez Watson 1966 1980[6] Lyndon Johnson
Beckworth, Sr., Lindley GarrisonLindley Garrison Beckworth, Sr. 1967 1968 Lyndon Johnson
Maletz, Herbert NaamanHerbert Naaman Maletz 1967 1980[6] Lyndon Johnson
Newman, BernardBernard Newman 1968 1980[6] Lyndon Johnson
Re, Edward D.Edward D. Re 1968 1980[6] Lyndon Johnson
Rosenstein, Samuel MurraySamuel Murray Rosenstein 1968 1980[6] Lyndon Johnson
Boe, Nils AndreasNils Andreas Boe 1971 1980[6] Richard Nixon

References

  1. ^ Press release from the office of Rep. Charles Rangel
  2. ^ Current chief judge
  3. ^ Past chief judge.
  4. ^ appointed Chief Judge by Jimmy Carter in 1977
  5. ^ chief judge from 1991 to 1996
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i Reassigned to the Court of International Trade when the Customs Court was dissolved, receiving his commission on November 1, 1980.

External links

Coordinates: 40°42′54″N 74°0′13″W / 40.715°N 74.00361°W / 40.715; -74.00361


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