Yellow-shouldered Amazon

Taxobox
name = Yellow-shouldered Amazon
status = VU | status_system = IUCN3.1
trend = down

---

image_width = 300px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Psittaciformes
familia = Psittacidae
genus = "Amazona"
species = "A. barbadensis"
binomial = "Amazona barbadensis"
binomial_authority = (Gmelin, 1788)

The Yellow-shouldered Amazon, "Amazona barbadensis" also known as Yellow-shouldered Parrot is a parrot of the genus "Amazona" that is a resident breeder in the arid areas of northern Venezuela, the Venezuelan islands of Margarita and La Blanquilla, and the island of Bonaire (Netherlands Antilles). It has become extinct on Aruba and possibly also on Curaçao (Netherlands Antilles).

Description

The Yellow-shouldered Amazon is mainly green and about 33 cm long. It has a whitish forehead and lores, and a yellow crown, ocular region and - often - ear coverts and chin. The bare eye-ring is white. The thighs and the bend of the wing ("shoulder") are yellow, but both can be difficult to see. The throat, cheeks and belly often have a bluish tinge. As most members of the genus "Amazona", it has broad dark blue tips to the remiges and a red wing-speculum.cite web| publisher =BirdLife International (2008) |url = http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=1677&m=0 |title = Species factsheet: "Amazona barbadensis" |accessdaymonth = 22 August | accessyear = 2008] Its beak is horn coloured.

In its range the yellow shoulder patch and extensive yellow on the head distinguish the Yellow-shouldered Amazon from other "Amazona" species, which have red or orange on the shoulder and less yellow on the head (the Orange-winged Amazon, which has as much yellow to the head as some Yellow-shouldered Amazons, has a blue ocular region). However, outside its range, several other "Amazona" species have as much - or more - yellow on their heads.

Behaviour

The Yellow-shouldered Amazon call is a rolling "cur'r'r'k".

Diet and feeding

It feeds on fruits, seeds, and cactus flowers.

Breeding

The Yellow-shouldered Amazon nests in a tree hole and lays 3-4 eggs. It is highly gregarious when not breeding, forming flocks of up to 100 birds.

tatus

There are believed to be 2.500-10.000 Yellow-shouldered Amazon parrots in the wild.

Due to ongoing habitat lost, small population size, limited range and overhunting for the cagebird trade, the Yellow-shouldered Amazon is evaluated as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I and II of CITES.

Gallery

References

* Database entry includes a range map, a brief justification of why this species is vulnerable, and the criteria used
* "Birds of Venezuela" by Hilty, ISBN 0-7136-6418-5
* [http://www.irf.org/bbarden.htm Island Resource Foundation. Threatened and Endangered Birds of the Insular Caribbean, Yellow-shouldered Amazon, "Amazona barbadensis". Downloaded on 5th June 2006 from http://www.irf.org/bbarden.htm]

External links

* [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php?species=1048&tab=all IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Amazona barbadensis]
* [http://www.avianweb.com/yellowshoulderedamazon.html Yellow-Shouldered Amazon Parrots - Avian Web]
* [http://www.parrotwatch.org Parrotwatch - watch video of Yellow-shouldered Amazon Parrots in the nest]