Panaeolina foenisecii

Panaeolina foenisecii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Phylum:	Basidiomycota
Class:	Hymenomycetes
Order:	Agaricales
Family:	Bolbitiaceae
Genus:	Panaeolina
Species:	P. foenisecii
Binomial name
Panaeolina foenisecii (Persoon) R. Maire.
Synonyms
Panaeolus foenisecii Agaricus foenisecii

Panaeolina foenisecii
Mycological characteristics
	gills on hymenium
	cap is convex
	hymenium is adnexed
	stipe is bare
	spore print is blackish-brown
	ecology is saprotrophic
	edibility: inedible

Panaeolina foenisecii, commonly called the mower's mushroom, haymaker or brown hay mushroom, is a very common and widely distributed little brown mushroom often found on lawns. It fruits in warm weather and contains the hallucinogen psilocybin.^[1] In 1963 Tyler and Smith found that this mushroom contains serotonin, 5-htp and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.^{[citation needed]}

It is sometimes mistaken for the hallucinogenic Panaeolus subbalteatus or Panaeolus castaneifolius which both share the same habitat and can be differentiated by their jet black spores.

Description

• Cap: 1.5 to 3 cm across, conic to convex, chestnut brown to tan, hygrophanous, often with a dark band around the margin which fades as the mushroom dries.
• Gills: Broad, adnate, brown with lighter edges, becoming mottled as the spores mature.
• Spores: Walnut brown, 13 x 7 micrometers, finely roughened with an apical germ pore.
• Stipe: 4 to 6 cm by 2 to 3 mm, fragile, hollow, white to light brown, pruinose and slightly striate.
• Taste: A slightly unpleasant nutty fungal taste.
• Odor: Nutty, slightly unpleasant.

Panaeolina foenisecii spores

References

1. ^ Anastos N, Lewis SW, Barnett NW, Sims DN. (2006). "The determination of psilocin and psilocybin in hallucinogenic mushrooms by HPLC utilizing a dual reagent acidic potassium permanganate and tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chemiluminescence detection system". Journal of Forensic Sciences 51 (1): 45–51. doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2005.00033.x. PMID 16423222. 

See also

Fungi portal

• List of Panaeolus species

External links

• Mushroom Expert – Panaeolus foenisecii
• Mykoweb – Panaeolus foenisecii
• Mushroom Observer – Panaeolina foenisecii images
• Rough Spored Panaeoloideae spore comparison