- Panaeolus olivaceus
Taxobox
name = "Panaeolus olivaceus"
regnum =Fungi
phylum =Basidiomycota
classis =Hymenomycetes
ordo =Agaricales
familia =Bolbitiaceae
genus = "Panaeolus "
species = "P. olivaceus"
binomial = "Panaeolus olivaceus"
binomial_authority = F.H. Møllermycomorphbox
name = "Panaeolus olivaceus"
whichGills = adnexed
whichGills2 = adnate
capShape = campanulate
capShape2 = convex
hymeniumType=gills
stipeCharacter=bare
ecologicalType=saprotrophic
sporePrintColor=black
howEdible=psychoactivePanaeolus olivaceus is a semi-rare and widely distributed little brown mushroom which contains the hallucinogen
psilocybin .Description
*Cap: 1-4 cm across, campanulate with an incurved margin when young, becoming convex in age, smoky grey, drying to a straw yellow or pale ochraceous buff, remaining darker towards the center, hygrophanous, sometimes striated or wrinkled, flesh thick and firm.
*Gills: Adnate to adnexed, close, thin; pallid, becoming dark purplish gray-black.
*Stipe: 4-6 cm by 3-4 mm thick, hollow, brittle, and striated, no veil remnants. Grayish to ochraceous or tan at the base.
*Spores: Jet black and slightly roughened, 12 - 17 x 7 - 10 micrometres.
*Microscopic features: Cheilocystidia 20-30 x 5 - 10 micrometers, pleurocystidia rare or absent.Habitat and formation
Panaeolus olivaceus grows in grass and dung. This species is rare and widely distributed; it has been collected in Washington, Oregon, Georgia, Quebec and the United Kingdom.This mushroom is often mistaken for "
Panaeolina foenisecii ", and is distinguished by its black spore print and darker gill coloration when mature. It is even more easily mistaken for "Panaeolus subbalteatus " and can be distinguished from that species by its more campanulate cap shape when young and slightly roughened spores. It is also easily confused with "Panaeolina castaneifolia ", a species which has spores that are dark brown and significantly more roughened.External links
* [http://www.svims.ca/council/illust/Panaeolus%20castaneifolius%201%20Michael%20Beug.htm Panaeolus olivaceus image]
* [http://mushroomobserver.org/8203 Mushroom Observer - Panaeolus olivaceus]
* [http://www.svims.ca/council/Panaeo.htm Key to Panaeolus in the Pacific Northwest]
* [http://www.sporeworksgallery.com/Subgenus-Panaeolina/Panaeolus_castaneifolius_Georgia Panaeolus olivaceus microscopy composite, Georgia]
* [http://www.sporeworksgallery.com/Subgenus-Panaeolina/Panaeolus_olivaceus_Seattle Panaeolus olivaceus microscopy composite, Washington]
* [http://www.sporeworksgallery.com/Subgenus-Panaeolina/Rough_spored_Panaeolus Rough Spored Panaeoloideae spore comparison]
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