Tikkun (book)

Tikkun (book)

A tikkun or tiqqun is a book used by Jews to prepare for reading or writing a Torah scroll. There are two types of tikkun, a tikkun kor'im and a tikkun soferim.

Contents

Tikkun kor'im

A tikkun kor'im.

A tikkun kor'im or tiqqun qor'im (readers' tikkun) is a study guide used when preparing to chant the Torah reading from the Torah in a Jewish synagogue. Each tikkun contains two renditions of the masoretic text in Hebrew. The right side of each page is written with the cantillation marks and vowel points, while the left is written in unpointed Hebrew, as it is written in the actual scroll. People who chant from the Torah must learn the tune and the pronunciation of the words beforehand, as the scroll itself has neither points nor cantilation marks, and since there are places where the word to be read (the Qere) differs from that written (the Kethib) in the scroll.

Tikkun soferim

A tikkun soferim (scribes' tikkun) is similar, but is designed as a guide for scribes writing a copy of the Torah by hand. It contains additional information of use to scribes, such as directions concerning writing particular words, traditions of calligraphic ornamentation, and information about spacing and justification. For instance, it helps the scribe to know how many letters there are per line, so a tikkun soferim gives the size of each line, measured in yud-widths (because yud is the smallest Hebrew letter).[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ Taylor Friedman, Jen. "Tikkun soferim". http://www.geniza.net/ritual/tikkun.shtml. Retrieved 2006-10-05. 

Resources

  • The Kestenbaum Edition Tikkun: The Torah Reader's Compendium (ISBN 1-57819-313-3) – Complete tikkun with pointed Hebrew, unpointed Hebrew, plus English translation and commentary.
  • Tanakh on Demand – On-line PDF's in Hebrew of any Torah section, including option for tikkun format.
  • Navigating the Bible II – Online version of the Hebrew Bible, including tikkun format of a few verses at a time, and audio of cantillation.
  • ScrollScraper – An online tikkun for an arbitrary excerpt of Torah verses, leveraging the bible.ort.org infrastructure.
  • Mechon Mamre – Innovative online 'tikkun', with vowels and cantillation appearing and disappearing with a mouse rollover.


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Readings
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Process
Aliyah · Maftir
Equipment
Ark  · Bimah · Sefer Torah · Tikkun · Yad
Cantillation
Katan group
Mahpach · Pashta · Munach · Zakef katan · Kadma · Yetiv
Etnachta group
Mercha · Tipcha · Munach · Etnachta
Sof Passuk group
Mercha · Tipcha · Mercha · Sof passuk
Segol group
Munach · Zarka · Munach · Segol
Telisha group
Munach · Pazer · Telisha Ketana/Gedola
Other
Zakef gadol · Rivia · Gershayim · Darga · Tevir · Kadma (V'Azla) · Geresh
Rare
Shalshelet · Mercha kefula · Yerach ben yomo · Karne parah

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