Munach

Munach
Munach
מוּנַח ֣ מָק֣וֹם
cantillation
Sof passuq ׃   paseq ׀
etnahta ֑   segol ֒
shalshelet ֓   zaqef qatan ֔
zaqef gadol ֕   tipeha ֖
revia ֗   zarqa ֘
pashta ֙   yetiv ֚
tevir ֛   geresh ֜
geresh muqdam ֝   gershayim ֞
qarney para ֟   telisha gedola ֠
pazer ֡   atnah hafukh ֢
munach ֣   mahapakh ֤
merkha ֥   merkha kefula ֦
darga ֧   qadma ֨
telisha qetana ֩   yerah ben yomo ֪
ole ֫   iluy ֬
dehi ֭   zinor ֮

view · cantillation sound. It is marked with a right angle below the corresponding word[1].

The munach is found in various groups, including the Katon, Etnachta, and Segol groups. One or more munachs can be followed by many different trope sounds, including Zakef katon, Etnachta, Rivia, Zarka, Segol, and Pazer. It is normally used when the number of syllables in a phrase are so long that an extra note is required to accommodate all the syllables[2].

The munach is normally a short note. But when it is the first of two munachs followed by a Rivia, it has a longer melody. In this case it may also be called legarmeh (מוּנַח לְגַרְמֵ֣הּ׀).

Contents

Appearances

The munach has the following appearances in the following sequences:

  • Katan group: Mahpach-Pashta-Munach-Zakef katan
  • Etnachta group: Mercha-Tipcha-Munach-Etnachta
  • Segol group: Munach-Zarka-Munach-Segol
  • Rivia group: Munach-Munach-Rivia *
  • Pazer/Telisha: Munach-Munach-Pazer (sometimes)-Telisha ketana or gedola

* When there are two Munachs before a Rivia (legarmeh), there is generally a vertical line (|) drawn between the words to indicate this.

The munach as shown is not always present in all cases.

Occasionally, in the Katon group, a second Munach will be inserted. This occurs when the words have more syllables, and cannot be accommodated by a single munach[3].

Munach occurs in the Torah 8777 times. Legarmeh occurs 283 times[4].

Total occurrences

Book Munach Legarmeh
Torah 8777[4] 283[4]
   Genesis 2271[4] 60[4]
   Exodus 1835[4] 62[4]
   Leviticus 1270[4] 45[4]
   Numbers 1748[4] 60[4]
   Deuteronomy 1653[4] 56[4]
Nevi'im 8624[5] 337[5]
Ketuvim 6150[5] 203[5]

Melody

Katon group

MunachKaton.jpg

Etnachta group

MunachEtnachta.jpg

Rivia group

The Munach preceding another Munach before a Rivia: MunachRivia1.jpg
The Munach immediately preceding a Rivia: MunachRivia2.jpg

Segol group

Before a Zarka: MunachRivia2.jpg
Before a Segol: MunachEtnachta.jpg

Telisha group

Munach.jpg

References

  1. ^ The Art of Cantillation, Volume 2: A Step-By-Step Guide to Chanting Haftarot ... By Marshall Portnoy, Josée Wolff, page 26
  2. ^ Outlines of Hebrew Accentuation By A. B. Davidson, page 39
  3. ^ Outlines of Hebrew Accentuation By A. B. Davidson, page 58
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1 By James D. Price, page 6
  5. ^ a b c d Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1 By James D. Price, page 5

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