Detour (1945 film)

Detour
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Edgar G. Ulmer
Produced by	Leon Fromkess
Written by	Martin Goldsmith Martin Mooney
Narrated by	Tom Neal
Starring	Tom Neal Ann Savage Claudia Drake Edmund MacDonald
Music by	Leo Erdody
Cinematography	Benjamin H. Kline
Editing by	George McGuire
Distributed by	Producers Releasing Corporation
Release date(s)	November 30, 1945 (1945-11-30)
Running time	68 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$20,000-$100,000

Detour (1945) is a film noir thriller that stars Tom Neal, Ann Savage, Claudia Drake and Edmund MacDonald. The movie was adapted by Martin Goldsmith and Martin Mooney (uncredited) from Goldsmith's novel of the same name and was directed by Edgar G. Ulmer. The 68-minute film was released by the Producers Releasing Corporation (PRC), one of the so-called "poverty row" film studios in mid-twentieth century Hollywood.^[1]

Although made on a small budget with bare sets and straightforward camera work, Detour has gathered much praise through the years and is held in high regard. The film has fallen into the public domain and is freely available from online sources. There are also many DVD editions.

Plot

Ann Savage and Tom Neal.

Piano player Al (Tom Neal) is bitter about having to work in a New York nightclub. After his girlfriend Sue (Claudia Drake) leaves to seek fame in Hollywood, he decides to join her. With little money, he has to hitchhike his way across the country.

In Arizona, bookie Charles Haskell Jr. (Edmund MacDonald) gives him a ride in his convertible. Haskell has Al pass him pills several times along the way. That night, Al is driving while Haskell sleeps, when a rainstorm forces Al to pull over to put up the top. Unable to rouse Haskell, Al opens the passenger-side door. Haskell falls out and strikes his head on the ground. Al then realizes the bookie is dead. Fearful that the police will believe he killed Haskell, Al dumps the body off the side of the road, takes Haskell's money, clothes and identification, then drives away. After spending the night in a motel, Al picks up another hitchhiker, Vera (Ann Savage), at a gas station. By sheer bad luck, it turns out that the femme fatale had also been picked up by Haskell earlier. She scratched him deeply in the arm and got out after he tried to become too friendly. When Al identifies himself as Haskell, she blackmails him by threatening to turn him in.

In Hollywood, they rent an apartment, posing as Mr. and Mrs. Haskell to provide an address when they go to sell the car. However, Vera learns from a newspaper that Haskell's wealthy father is near death and looking for his son, who ran away as a youth after accidentally injuring his friend. Vera demands that Al impersonate Haskell, but Al balks at this notion, pointing out that he knows nothing about the dead man. Back in the apartment, Vera gets drunk, and they begin arguing. She threatens to call the police, running into the bedroom with the telephone and locking the door. She falls into a stupor on the bed, with the telephone cord tangled around her neck. Al tries to break the cord. Then, when he breaks down the door, he sees that he has accidentally strangled her. He goes hitchhiking again, but is picked up by the police.

Cast

• Tom Neal as Al Roberts
• Ann Savage as Vera
• Claudia Drake as Sue Harvey
• Edmund MacDonald as Charles Haskell Jr
• Tim Ryan as Nevada Diner Proprietor
• Esther Howard as Holly, Diner Waitress
• Pat Gleason as Joe, Trucker at Diner
• Don Brodie as the Used Car Salesman

Production

Ann Savage in a publicity still taken for the film.

In 1972, Director Ulmer said in an interview that the film was shot in six days. In a 2004 documentary Ulmer’s daughter Arianne presented a shooting script title page which noted, "June 14, 1945-June 29. Camera days 14."^[2] Ann Savage was contracted to PRC for the production of Detour for three six-day weeks. She later said the film was shot in four six-day weeks with an additional four days of location work in the desert at Lancaster, California.^[3] While popular belief long held that Detour was shot for about $20,000,^[4] Noah Isenberg, in doing research for his book on the film, discovered that the film's actual cost was upwards of $100,000.^[5]

Editing

As detailed in Savage Detours: The Life and Work of Ann Savage, great care was taken during the post-production of Detour. The final picture was tightly cut down from a much longer shooting script, which had been shot with more extended dialogue sequences than appear in the final film. The soundtrack is fully realized, with ambient backgrounds, motivated sound effects, and a carefully scored original musical soundtrack by Leon Erdody. Ulmer and Erdody had previously worked together on Strange Illusion. Erdody took extra pains to underscore Vera's introduction with a sympathetic theme, giving the character a light musical shading in contrast to her razor-sharp dialogue, and its ferocious delivery by Ann Savage. The film was completed, negative cut and printed throughout the late summer and fall of 1945. It was released in November of that year. The total period of pre-production through post-production at PRC ran from March through November 1945. In contrast, during the period Detour was in post, PRC shot, posted and released Apology for Murder, also starring Ann Savage. Apology was given a shorter production period, a quick sound job, and used library music for the soundtrack. Clearly, Detour was a higher priority to PRC, and the release was well promoted in theaters with a full array of color print support, including a six sheet, standees, hand drawn portraits of the actors, and a jukebox tie-in record with Bing Crosby singing "I Can't Believe That You're in Love with Me".^[3] With re-shoots out of the question for such a low-budget movie, director Edgar G. Ulmer put storytelling above continuity, such as flipping the negative for some of the hitchhiking scenes. This showed the westbound New York to Los Angeles travel of the character with a right-to-left flow across the screen, but also made cars seem to be driving on the "wrong" side of the road, with the hitchhiker getting into the car on the driver's side.

Censorship

The Hollywood Production Code did not allow murderers to get away with their crimes, so Ulmer got through the censors by having Al picked up by a police car at the very end of the movie, after foreseeing his arrest in the earlier narration.

Critical reaction

Detour was well received upon initial release with positive reviews in the Los Angeles Times, Variety and The Hollywood Reporter, among many others. It was released to television in the early 1950s, and ran in syndicated TV markets until the dawn of mass cable systems in the 1980s. TV reviewers casually recommended it in the 1960s and 1970s as a worthwhile "B" movie. During the 1970s, Detour began be seen as a prime example of "Film Noir", and critics began to write about it at increasingly greater length. During the 1980s, revival houses, universities, and film festivals began to honor Edgar G. Ulmer with retrospective tributes to his work, and public interest in noir films and crime dramas increased with the rise of cable TV screenings and availability on VHS and Laserdisc in home video.

Edgar Ulmer died in 1972, well ahead of the full revival of Detour, and the critical re-evaluation of his career. Tom Neal also died in 1972. Ann Savage made live appearances with the film from 1985 to 2006, increasing public visibility as critical interest and analysis continued to grow.

In 1992, Detour was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". Critical response to the film today is almost universally positive. Most reviewers contrast the technical shoddiness of the film with its successful atmospherics. Film critic Roger Ebert wrote:

"This movie from Hollywood's poverty row, shot in six days, filled with technical errors and ham-handed narrative, starring a man who can only pout and a woman who can only sneer, should have faded from sight soon after it was released in 1945. And yet it lives on, haunting and creepy, an embodiment of the guilty soul of film noir. No one who has seen it has easily forgotten it."^[6]

He also included it in his list of great films.

Sight and Sound reviewer Phillip Kemp would later write:

"Using unknown actors and filming with no more than three minimal sets, a sole exterior (a used-car lot) to represent Los Angeles, a few stock shots, and some shaky back-projection, Ulmer conjures up a black, paranoid vision, totally untainted by glamour, of shabby characters trapped in a spiral of irrational guilt."^[7]

Novelists Edward Gorman and Dow Mossman wrote:

"...Detour remains a masterpiece of its kind. There have been hundreds of better movies, but none with the feel for doom portrayed by ... Ulmer. The random universe Stephen Crane warned us about—the berserk cosmic impulse that causes earthquakes and famine and AIDS—is nowhere better depicted than in the scene where Tom Neal stands by the roadside, soaking in the midnight rain, feeling for the first time the noose drawing tighter and tighter around his neck."^[8]

Remake

A remake of Detour was produced in 1992 starring Tom Neal's son Tom Neal Jr. and Lea Lavish along with Susanna Foster's first acting appearance in 43 years and her final appearance on film. Produced, written and directed by Wade Williams and released by his distribution company, Englewood Entertainment, it has not been released on DVD, but a VHS release has been available.

Honors

See also

• List of American films of 1945
• List of films in the public domain

References

1. ^ Detour at the Internet Movie Database
2. ^ "Detour Movie Review". A Life At The Movies. July 1, 2010. http://www.alifeatthemovies.com/movie-of-the-day/detour/. 
3. ^ ^{a b} Morton, Lisa; Adamson, Kent (2009). Savage Detours: The Life and Work of Ann Savage. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co.. ISBN 9780786443536. OCLC 423587955. 
4. ^ Macnab, Geoffrey (2004-05-08). "Magic on a shoestring". guardian.co.uk. http://film.guardian.co.uk/features/featurepages/0,,1276436,00.html. Retrieved 2008-03-07. 
5. ^ Isenberg, Noah (2008). Detour. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 39. ISBN 1-8445-7239-0
6. ^ Ebert, Roger (1998-06-07). "Great Movies: Detour". rogerebert.com. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19980607/REVIEWS08/401010312/1023. Retrieved 2007-12-11. 
7. ^ Kemp, Phillip (1987). Wakeman, John (ed.). ed. Word Film Directors, Volume 1: 1890–1945. New York: H. W. Wilson. pp. 1110. ISBN 0-8242-0757-2. 
8. ^ Gorman, Edward; Mossman, Dow (1988). "Introduction". In Gifford, Barry (book author). The Devil Thumbs a Ride & Other Unforgettable Films. New York: Grove Press. pp. 2. ISBN 0-8021-3078-X. 

External links

• Detour at the Internet Movie Database
• Detour is available for free download at the Internet Archive [more]
• Detour at Time Magazine All Time 100 Movies
• Detour film stills at YouTube
• Ann Savage discusses film at You Tube
• Detour at Sisters Noir by writer Ed Evans