Dave Swarbrick

Dave Swarbrick
At Convocation Hall, Toronto, 1977 Photo: Jean-Luc Ourlin
Background information
Birth name	David Cyril Eric Swarbrick
Also known as	'Swarb'
Born	5 April 1941 (1941-04-05) (age 70) New Malden, England
Genres	Folk music, folk rock, electric folk
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, musician, arranger
Instruments	Violin, viola, mandolin, guitar, vocals
Years active	1960s to present
Associated acts	Ian Campbell Folk Group, Martin Carthy, Fairport Convention, Whippersnapper, Swarb's Lazarus
Website	http://www.folkicons.co.uk/swarb.htm

Dave Swarbrick (born 5 April 1941) is an English folk musician and singer-songwriter. He has been described by Ashley Hutchings as 'the most influential [British] fiddle player bar none' and his style has been copied or developed by almost every British, and many World folk violin players that have followed him.^[1] He was one of the most highly regarded musicians produced by the second British folk revival, contributing to some of the most important groups and projects of the 1960s, he became a much sought after session musician, which has led him throughout his career to work with many of the major figures in folk and folk rock music. His work for the group Fairport Convention from 1969 is usually credited with leading them to produce their seminal album Liege and Lief (1969) which initiated the electric folk movement. This, and his subsequent career, helped create greater interest in British traditional music and was highly influential within mainstream rock. After 1970 he emerged as Fairport Convention's leading figure and guided the band through a series of important albums until its disbandment in 1979. Since then he has played in a series of smaller, acoustic units and engaged in solo projects which have maintained a massive output of recordings, a significant profile and have made a major contribution to the interpretation of traditional British music.

History

Early Career to 1968

Born in 1941 in New Malden, now in Greater London, his family soon moved to Birmingham where he grew up.^[2] He learned to play the basics of violin from a local fiddler and he attended Birmingham College of Art (now absorbed into the Birmingham Institute of Art and Design) in the late 1950s, with the intention of becoming a printer.^[2] He began performing as a guitar player in Beryl Marriot's Ceilidh Band. Marriot encouraged him to take up the fiddle again and he soon evidenced an obvious talent.^[2]

He joined the Ian Campbell Folk Group in 1960 and embarked on his long and prolific recording career, playing on one single, three EPs and seven albums with the group over the next few years.^[2] He also played on recordings for the three most important figures in the British folk movement of the time A.L. Lloyd, Ewan MacColl his wife Peggy Seeger as well as part of several collections to which the Ian Campbell Group contributed.^[3]

From 1965 he began to work with the rising star of English folk, the guitarist and singer Martin Carthy, supporting him on his eponymous first album.^[2] The association was such a success that the next recording, Second Album (1966), gave them equal billing. They produced another four highly regarded recordings between 1967 and 1968, including Byker Hill (1967), whose innovative arrangements of traditional songs made it one of the most influential folk albums of the decade.^[3] Swarbrick also played on albums by Julie Felix, A. L. Lloyd and on The Radio Ballads, and had become perhaps the most highly regarded interpreter of traditional material on the violin and certainly one of the most sought after session musicians.^[2]

Fairport Convention 1969-79

It was as a session musician that Swarbrick was called in by Joe Boyd, the manager of rising folk rock group Fairport Convention, in 1969, originally to undertake some over-dubs on their cover of the Bob Dylan track 'Cajun Woman'.^[2] Fairport had decided to play a traditional song 'A Sailor's Life', which was probably already known to Swarbrick and he was asked to contribute violin to the session. The result was an eleven minute mini-epic that appeared on the 1969 album Unhalfbricking and which marked out a new direction for the band.^[4]

Subsequently, Swarbrick was asked to contribute to what became the group's most important album, Liege and Lief (1969). His energetic fiddle style was essential to the new sound and direction of the band, most marked on the medley of four jigs and reels that Swarbrick arranged for the album and which were to become an essential part of almost every subsequent Fairport performance.^[3] Before the album was released, key members of the band, founder Ashley Hutchings and singer, guitarist and songwriter Sandy Denny left, and Swarbrick joined the band full time, excited by the possibilities of performing traditional music in a rock context.^[4] His greater maturity, knowledge of folk song, reputation and personality meant that he soon emerged as the leading force in the band and continued to be so for the next decade, encouraging the band to bring in Dave Pegg, another graduate of the Ian Campbell Folk Group, on bass.^[5] However, he was already beginning to suffer the hearing problems that would dog the rest of his career.^[6]

The first album of this new line up, Full House (1970), although not as commercially successful as Liege and Lief, sold relatively well, and remains highly regarded. Like Liege and Lief it contained interpretations of traditional tunes, including the epic 'Sir Patrick Spens' and another instrumental arranged by Swarbrick, 'Dirty Linen', but also contained songs jointly penned by Swarbrick and guitarist Richard Thompson, including what would become their opening live song 'Walk Awhile', and the anti-war anthem 'Sloth'.^[7] The partnership produced another three songs on the next album Angel Delight (1971), however the collaboration was ended when Thompson departed the band soon after.^[8]

As ex-Fairport Convention members embarked on their own careers, Swarbrick was often called upon to provide musical support, as he did for albums by Sandy Denny and Richard Thompson. He also played on some of the most significant folk albums of the era, including work by John Renbourn, Al Stewart and Peter Bellamy. In the second half of the 1970s he would begin to release a series of solo albums.

Without Thompson Swarbrick now shouldered even more responsibility for leadership, writing and singing and the result was a remarkably ambitious folk-rock opera album Babbacombe Lee, largely written and sung by Swarbrick. The result gained the band some mainstream attention, including a BBC TV programme devoted to the work, but was a mixed artistic achievement, with critics noting the lack of variety in the album.^[9] When Simon Nicol quit the band in 1971, Swarbrick was the longest standing member and responsible for keeping the group afloat through a bewildering series of line-up changes and problematic projects.^[10]

The next album 'Rosie' is chiefly notable for the title track, written by Swarbrick, which is perhaps the song most closely associated with him, but overall it was not a critical success.^[11] The following release Nine (1974), relied heavily on the writing partnership between Swarbrick and new member Trevor Lucas, but it perhaps lacked the vitality of previous collaborations. The fortunes of the band rallied when Denny rejoined in 1974 and on the resulting album Rising for the Moon Swarbrick took more of a back seat in writing and singing.^[12]

After Denny's final departure from the band, Swarbrick managed to steer it through three more studio albums, turning a solo project into a Fairport album Gottle O'Geer (1976) and two albums for Vertigo; The Bonny Bunch of Roses (1977) and Tipplers Tales (1978), which sold poorly, but have since been seen as containing some of Swarbrick's best fiddle work.^[13] However, all this was done amid financial and contractual difficulties and Swarbrick's hearing problems were becoming severe and were aggravated by amplified performances. In 1979 the band played a farewell concert in Cropredy Oxfordshire and disbanded.^[14]

Return to the folk circuit from 1980

Apart from occasional reunions, particularly at the Cropredy Festival, Swarbrick's performing career since 1980 has focused on small venues and acoustic performances. His first project was a highly regarded duo with former Fairport guitarist Simon Nicol, which produced three albums.^[15] In 1984 Swarbrick decided to move to Scotland, while Nicol remained in Oxfordshire and the partnership dissolved. This also meant that he was unavailable when Fairport regrouped to record the album Gladys' Leap (1985) and made public his dislike of the project, refusing to play the material at the next Cropredy Festival. When the band reformed in 1986 it did so without him, although he has played with them on several occasions, particularly at the Cropredy Festival.^[16]

By the time of the Fairport reformation Swarbrick was already occupied with his next project as part of a quartet under the name Whippersnapper, with the highly regarded musicians Martin Jenkins, Chris Leslie and Kevin Dempsey.^[17] The group produced four albums between 1985 and 1989. From this point Swarbrick left to renew his partnership with Martin Carthy, but after two albums: Life And Limb (1990) and Skin And Bone (1992), he decided to emigrate to Australia in 1994.^[18]

There he formed a new partnership with guitarist and singer-songwriter Alistair Hulett. They produced one album in Australia, Saturday Johnny and Jimmy The Rat (1996) and following Swarbrick's return soon after, made two more.^[19] In this period Swarbrick guested on projects some of the most highly regarded figures in folk rock, including Steve Ashley, John Kirkpatrick, and Bert Jansch as well as continuing to record and tour with Martin Carthy.

Health and premature obituary

For many years Swarbrick suffered steadily worsening health due to emphysema. There was considerable embarrassment for the Daily Telegraph newspaper in 1999 when it published a premature obituary for Swarbrick after he was admitted to hospital with a chest infection.^[19][20]

Dave and Christine Pegg launched the SwarbAid, including a fund-raising concert at Birmingham's Symphony Hall in July 1999, and a limited-edition EP recorded live, in order to raise funds for Swarbrick whilst his poor health was preventing him from working. After a relapse they launched SwarbAid II with a similar concert in 2004.^[21]

Swarbrick was fortunate enough, in October 2004, to receive a double lung transplant and has since enjoyed a new lease of life. He has resumed his career with fervour, back on the road globally as a solo performer and annually on tour in the UK every Autumn with Martin Carthy. Swarbrick is also linked with Canadian reggae legend Jason Wilson and his band. Swarbrick's highly acclaimed album "raison d'être" was released in July 2010.

Recent work

In 2006 Swarbrick started touring again with ex-Fairporter Maartin Allcock and Kevin Dempsey as the aptly named Swarb's Lazarus, producing the album Live and Kicking (2006); and appearing at the Cropredy Festival.^[22] On 10 August 2007, Swarbrick joined the 1969 Fairport Convention line up, with Chris While standing in for the late Sandy Denny, to perform the whole of the album Liege and Lief.^[23]

In 2008 Whippersnapper reformed and played a short 5 date tour. There is a possibility of a live album and a further reunion in 2009.^[24]

In 2009, Swarbrick played a two-show "Ballads, Reels & One-Drops" swing with a pair of well-known Canadian artists: award-winning folk singer David Francey and reggae/jazz innovator Jason Wilson, on 8 May at Hugh's Room in Toronto, Canada and the following evening in Wakefield, Quebec at the Blacksheep Inn.^[25]

On 14 August 2010 Swarbrick joined Fairport Convention on stage for an impromptu performance of Sir Patrick Spens.

During 2010 he also joined with another veteran British Folk artist Martin Carthy to play at the Cornwall Folk Festival in Wadebridge.^[26]

He made a guest appearance with Fairport at the Town Hall, Birmingham March 2011 and on 31st July 2011 Swarbrick and Carthy celebrated their 70th birthdays on stage at Sidmouth Folk Week.

Awards

In 2003, he was awarded a 'Gold Badge' by the English Folk Dance and Song Society and the 'Gold Badge of Merit' by the British Academy of Composers and Songwriters. In 2004 he was given a Lifetime Achievement Award at the BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards. At the 2006 Folk Awards he shared with current and past Fairport Convention members when they received an award when their seminal album Liege & Lief was voted 'Most Influential Folk Album of All Time' by Radio 2 listeners. At the 2007 awards Martin Carthy and Dave Swarbrick won the 'Best Duo' Award.^[27]

Discography

With Fairport Convention see Fairport Convention discography

With the Ian Campbell Folk Group

• Ceilidh at the Crown (EP) (Topic, 1962)
• Songs of Protest (EP) (Topic, 1962)
• The Sun Is Burning / The Crow and the Cradle (single) (Topic, 1963)
• This Is The Ian Campbell Folk Group (Transatlantic, 1963)
• Across the Hills (Transatlantic, 1964)
• The Ian Campbell Folk Group (Decca, 1964)
• Presenting the Ian Campbell Folk Group (Contour, 1964)
• Coaldust Ballads (Transatlantic, 1965)
• A Sample of The Ian Campbell Folk Group (Transatlantic, 1966)
• Contemporary Campbells (Transatlantic, 1966)
• Four Highland Songs (EP) (Transatlantic, 1966)
• The Ian Campbell Folk Group, This Is The Ian Campbell Folk Group / Across the Hills (Castle Music, 1996)
• Contemporary Campbells / New Impressions (Castle Music, 1997)
• The Times They Are A-Changin (Castle Music, 2004)

On Ewan MacColl, A.L. Lloyd and Peggy Seeger albums

• Whaler Out of New Bedford (Folkways, 1962)
• The Big Hewer (The Radio Ballads Vol 4) (Argo, 1967)
• The Fight Game (The Radio Ballads Vol 7) (Argo, 1967)
• The Travelling People (The Radio Ballads Vol 8) (Argo, 1968)

On Ewan MacColl and A.L. Lloyd albums

• A Sailor's Garland (Prestige, 1962)

With various artists

• Edinburgh Folk Festival Vol. 1 (Decca, 1963)
• Edinburgh Folk Festival Vol. 2 (Decca, 1964)
• Farewell Nancy: Sea Songs and Shanties (Topic, 1964)
• The Bird in the Bush: Traditional Erotic Songs (Topic, 1966)
• The Best of British Folk Music (Transatlantic, 1966)
• Nice Enough to Eat (Island, 1969)
• El Pea (Island, 1971)
• Clogs (Peg Records, 1972)
• Club Folk Volume 1 (Peg Records, 1972)
• Club Folk Volume 2 (Peg Records, 1972)
• Rave On (B&C/Mooncrest, 1974)
• The Camera and the Song (Super Beeb, 1975)
• The Electric Muse (Island/Transatlantic, 1975)
• Rosin the Bow: An Introduction to the World of Fiddle Music (Transatlantic, 1977)
• The Best of Irish Folk (1978)
• Transatlantic - The Vintage Years (Transatlantic, 1978)
• 40 Folk Favourites (Pickwick, 1979)
• Chants de Marins IV: Ballades, Complaintes et Shanties des Matelots Anglais (Le Chasse-Marée, 1984)
• Flash Company - A Celebration of the First 10 Years of Fellside Recordings (Fellside, 1986)
• Island Life: 25 Years of Island Record (Island, 1988)
• Blow the Man Down: A Collection of Sea Songs and Shanties (Topic, 1993).
• Club Sandwich (cassette) (Musikfolk, 1993)
• Tanz- & Folkfest Rudolstadt 1992 (HeiDeck, 1993)
• The World Is a Wonderful Place (Hokey Pokey, 1993)
• Undefeated (cassette) (Fuse, 1993)
• Folk Routes (Island, 1994)
• Troubadours of British Folk, Vol. 1: Unearthing the Tradition, (Rhino, 1995)
• Troubadours of British Folk, Vol. 2: Folk into Rock (Rhino, 1995)
• Various Artists, The Bird in the Bush: Traditional Songs of Love and Lust (Topic, 1996)
• Georgia on Our Mind (Deep Sea, 1997)
• New Electric Muse II (Castle Music, 1997)
• Bold Sportsmen All (Topic, 1998)
• The Rough Guide to English Roots Music (World Music Network, 1998)
• Various Artists, English Originals (Topic, 1999)
• The Fiddle Collection Volume One (Hands On Music, 1999)
• The Folk Collection (Topic, 1999)
• Heart of England: In Aid of Teenage Cancer Trust (Teenage Cancer Trust, 2001)
• Flash Company - A Celebration of 25 Years of Fellside Recordings (Fellside, 2001)
• Raise Your Banners: Festival of Political Song (Raise Your Banners Festival, 2001)
• The Acoustic Folk Box (Topic, 2002)
• Red Roots (Red Planet, 2002)
• Heart of England 2: In Aid of Teenage Cancer Trust (Teenage Cancer Trust, 2002)
• Strangely Strange But Oddly Normal: An Island Anthology 1967-1972 (Universal/Island, 2005)
• Anthems in Eden: An Anthology of British & Irish Folk 1955-1978 (Castle, 2006)
• The Fairport Companion: Loose Chippings from the Fairport Family Tree (Castle Music, 2006)
• Garden of Delight (Discothèque, 2006)
• Scarborough Fair (Castle Music, 2006)
• Various Artists, White Bicycles: Making Music in the 1960s (Fledg'ling, 2006)
• Folk Awards 2007 (Proper Folk, 2006)

On Martin Carthy albums

• Martin Carthy (Fontana, 1965)
• Martin Carthy, This is ... Martin Carthy: The Bonny Black Hare and Other Songs (Philips, 1971)
• Martin Carthy, The Carthy Chronicles (Free Reed, 2001)

With Martin Carthy

• Second Album (Fontana, 1966)
• Byker Hill (Fontana, 1967)
• No Songs (EP) (Fontana, 1967)
• But Two Came By (Fontana, 1968)
• Prince Heathen (Fontana, 1969)
• Selections (Pegasus, 1971)
• Life And Limb (Special Delivery, 1990)
• Skin And Bone (Special Delivery, 1992)
• Both Ears and the Tail: Live at the Folkus Folk Club, Nottingham, 1966 (Atrax, 2000)
• Straws In The Wind (Topic, 2006)

On Julie Felix albums

• Changes (Fontana, 1966)

On A.L. Lloyd albums

• First Person (Topic, 1966)
• Leviathan! Ballads and Songs of the Whaling Trade (Topic, 1967)
• The Great Australian Legend: A Panorama of Bush Balladry and Song (Topic, 1971)
• Classic A. L. Lloyd (Fellside, 1994)
• A.L. Lloyd, The Old Bush Songs (Larrikin, 1994)

With Martin Carthy and Diz Dizley

• Rags, Reels & Airs (Polydor, 1967)

On Nigel Denver albums

• Rebellion! (Decca, 1967)

On Vashti Bunyan albums

• Just Another Diamond Day (Philips, 1970)

On John Renbourn albums

• The Lady and the Unicorn (Transatlantic, 1970)

On Sandy Denny albums

• Sandy (Island, 1972)
• Who Knows Where the Time Goes? (Island, 1986)
• The Best of Sandy Denny (Island, 1987)
• No More Sad Refrains: The Anthology (Island, 2000)
• A Boxful of Treasures (Fledg'ling, 2004)

On Al Stewart albums

• Past, Present & Future (CBS, 1973)

On Brian Maxine albums

• Ribbon of Stainless Steel (Columbia, 1974)

On Lorna Campbell albums

• Adam's Rib (Transatlantic, 1976)

On Richard Thompson albums

• (guitar, vocal) (Island, 1976)
• Watching the Dark - The History of Richard Thompson (Hannibal, 1993)
• RT: The Life and Music of Richard Thompson (Free Reed, 2006)

On Peter Bellamy albums

• The Transports (Free Reed, 1977)
• Both Sides Then (Topic, 1979)

Solo albums

• Swarbrick (Transatlantic, 1976)
• Swarbrick 2 (Transatlantic, 1977)
• Lift The Lid and Listen (Sonet, 1978)
• The Ceilidh Album (Sonet, 1978)
• Smiddyburn (Logo, 1981)
• Flittin' (Spindrift, 1983)
• When the Battle is Over [compilation from: Swarbrick (1976); Swarbrick 2 (1977); Smiddyburn (1981)] (Conifer, 1986)
• Live At Jackson's Lane (Musikfolk, 1996)
• Dave Swarbrick, Swarb! (Free Reed, 2002)
• English Fiddler: Swarbrick plays Swarbrick (Naxos World, 2003)
• It Suits Me Well:The Transatlantic Anthology (Castle Music, 2004)
• raison d'être (Shirty, 2010)

On Bat McGrath albums

• Whatever Happened to Jousting? (Manana, 1980)

With Simon Nicol

• Live at the White Bear (White Bear, 1981)
• In the Club (cassette)(1982)
• Close to the Wind (Woodworm, 1984)
• Close to the White Bear (Woodworm, 1998)
• Another Fine Mess: Live in New York '84 (Atrax, 2002)
• When We Were Very Young (Talking Elephant, 2010)

With Whippersnapper

• Promises (WPS, 1985)
• Tsubo (WPS, 1987)
• These Foolish Strings (WPS, 1988)
• Fortune (WPS, 1989)

On Voice of the Beehive albums

• Let It Bee (London, 1988)

On Leon Rosselson albums

• Wo sind die Elefanten? (Fuse Records, 1992)

On Band of Hope albums

• Rhythm & Reds (Musikfolk, 1994)

On Pete Hawkes albums

• Secrets, Vows & Lies (Select Records, 1996)
• Unspoken Riddles (Select Records, 1996)

With Alistair Hulett

• Saturday Johnny and Jimmy The Rat (Red Rattler, 1996)
• The Cold Grey Light of Dawn (Musikfolk, 1998)
• Red Clydeside (Red Rattler, 2002)

On Keith Hancock albums

• Born Blue (Nico's Records, 1997)

Collaboration with Eureka!

• With Gypsy (Word of Mouth, 1998)

Compilations including other artists

• Folk on 2: Dave Swarbrick's 50th Birthday Concert (Cooking Vinyl, 1996)
• Dave Pegg and Friends, Birthday Party (Woodworm, 1998)
• Swarb (box set) (2003)
• It Suits Me Well (2004)

Collaboration with Dave Swarbrick and Fairport Convention

• SwarbAid (1999)

On Steve Ashley albums

• Stroll On - Revisited (Market Square, 1999)

On Roy Bailey albums

• Coda (Fuse, 2000)

On John Kirkpatrick albums

• Mazurka Berserker (Fledg'ling, 2001)

On Bert Jansch albums

• Edge of a Dream (Sanctuary, 2002)

With Swarb's Lazarus

• Live and Kicking (Squiggle, 2006)

With The Jason Wilson Band

• The Peacemaker's Chauffeur (Wheel, 2008)

Notes

1. ^ Fairport Convention, The Cropredy Box (Woodworm, WR3CD026, 1998) disk 2.
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} Humphries 1997, p. 34
3. ^ ^{a b c} Sweers 2005, p. 74
4. ^ ^{a b} Humphries 1997, pp. 28–29,38–39
5. ^ Humphries 1997, pp. 66,74
6. ^ Humphries 1997, p. 35
7. ^ Humphries 1997, pp. 74–76
8. ^ Sweers 2005, pp. 92–93
9. ^ Humphries 1997, pp. 91–93
10. ^ P. Frame, Rock Family Trees (Omnibus, 3rd edn., 1993), p. 15.
11. ^ Humphries 1997, pp. 97–99
12. ^ Sweers 2005, p. 93
13. ^ Sweers 2005, p. 94
14. ^ Redwood & Woodward 1995, p. 14
15. ^ Redwood & Woodward 1995, p. 18
16. ^ Redwood & Woodward 1995, p. 19
17. ^ Redwood & Woodward 1995, pp. 20–21
18. ^ Sweers 2005, p. 76
19. ^ ^{a b} Sweers 2005, p. 268
20. ^ McKie, Andrew (Obituaries Editor)The day I managed to 'kill off' Tex Ritter's wife The Telegraph (UK) 30 August 2001
21. ^ 'It's not the first time I've died', Guardian 5 June 2004, http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2004/jun/15/folk, retrieved 06/02/09.
22. ^ 'Dave Swarbrick', official website, http://www.folkicons.co.uk/swarbnew.htm, retrieved 6 February 2009
23. ^ T.J. McGrath, 'Liege & Lief: The Best British Folk-Rock Album of All?', Dirty Linen' 133 (December 2007/January 2008), album. http://www.dirtynelson.com/linen/133/133liege.html, retrieved 5 February 2009.
24. ^ 'Dave Swarbrick', official website, http://www.folkicons.co.uk/swarbnew.htm, retrieved 6 February 2009.
25. ^ "Event Listing". Music From the Glen. http://www.musicfromtheglen.ca/events/170.html. Retrieved 16 July 2011. 
26. ^ "Wadebridge Cornwall Folk Festival, August 2010: Martin Carthy & Dave Swarbrick". http://www.wadebridgefolk.co.uk/artists.php#65. Retrieved 27 August 2010. 
27. ^ BBC 2 Folk Awards, previous winners, http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio2/events/folkawards2008/previouswinners.shtml, retrieved on 13/01/09.

References

• Humphries, P. (1997). Meet on the Ledge: Fairport Convention, the Classic Years (2nd ed.). Virgin. 
• Sweers, B. (2005). Electric Folk: The Changing Face of English Traditional Music. Oxford University Press. 
• Redwood, Fred; Woodward, Martin (1995). The Woodworm Era: The story of today's Fairport Convention. Thatcham: Jeneva Publishing. ISBN 0 9525860 0 2. 

External links

• Dave Swarbrick Official Website
• Swarb's Lazarus
• BBC Music Biography of Swarbrick

Persondata
Name	Swarbrick, Dave
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	5 April 1941
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death