Cercles of Mali

Cercles of Mali

Mali

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A cercle is the second level administrative unit in Mali. Mali is divided into eight regions and one capital district (Bamako). These subdivisions bear the name of their principal city. The regions are divided into 49 cercles.

During French colonial rule in Mali, a cercle was the smallest unit of French political administration that was headed by a European officer. A cercle consisted of several cantons, each of which in turn consisted of several villages. In 1887 the Cercle of Bafoulabé was the first cercle to be created in Mali. In most of former French West Africa, the term cercle was changed to Prefecture or Department after independence.

Some cercles (and the district) were, prior to the 1999 local government reorganisation, further divided into Arrondissements, especially in urban areas or the vast northern regions (such as Kidal), which consisted of a collection of Communes. Since these reforms, cercles are now directly subdivided into rural and urban communes, which in turn are divided in Quartiers (Quarters, or Villages and encampments in rural areas) which have elected councils at each level.^[1] There are 703 communes, 36 urban communes and 667 rural communes.^[2] The cercles are listed below.

Bamako Capital District

Bamako district

• Bamako

Gao Region

Cercles of Gao Region

• Ansongo Cercle
• Bourem Cercle
• Gao Cercle
• Menaka Cercle

Kayes Region

Cercles of Kayes Region

• Bafoulabé Cercle
• Diema Cercle
• Kita Cercle
• Kéniéba Cercle
• Kayes Cercle
• Nioro du Sahel Cercle
• Yélimané Cercle

Kidal Region

Cercles of Kidal Region

• Abeibara Cercle
• Kidal Cercle
• Tessalit Cercle
• Tin-Essako Cercle

Koulikoro Region

Cercles of Koulikoro Region

• Banamba Cercle
• Dioila Cercle
• Kangaba Cercle
• Koulikoro Cercle
• Kolokani Cercle
• Kati Cercle
• Nara Cercle

Mopti Region

Cercles of Mopti Region

• Bandiagara Cercle
• Bankass Cercle
• Djenné Cercle
• Douentza Cercle
• Koro Cercle
• Mopti Cercle
• Tenenkou Cercle
• Youwarou Cercle

Ségou Region

Cercles of Segou Region

• Bla Cercle
• Barouéli Cercle
• Macina Cercle
• Niono Cercle
• Ségou Cercle
• San Cercle
• Tominian Cercle

Sikasso Region

Cercles of Sikasso Region

• Bougouni Cercle
• Kolondieba Cercle
• Kadiolo Cercle
• Koutiala Cercle
• Sikasso Cercle
• Yanfolila Cercle
• Yorosso Cercle

Tombouctou Region

Cercles of Tombouctou Region

• Diré Cercle
• Goundam Cercle
• Gourma-Rharous Cercle
• Niafunke Cercle
• Timbuktu Cercle

See also

• Arrondissements of Mali
• Regions of Mali

References

1. ^ La Délégation Générale aux Elections, Government of Mali: database of all registered electors in Mali (2007), includes a hierarchical list of every cercle, commune, and quarter in the nation.
2. ^ (in French) Loi N°99-035/ Du 10 Aout 1999 Portant Creation des Collectivites Territoriales de Cercles et de Regions, Ministère de l'Administration Territoriales et des Collectivités Locales, République du Mali, 1999 

• MATCL - Ministère de l'Administration Territoriale et des Collectivités Locales: government of the Republic Mali.
• Mali
• Maplibrary: vector maps of national subdivisions of Mali.
• See Projet de réforme du secteur des télécommunications au Mali: Government of Mali, Project for Reform of the Telecommunications Sector. (2001–2002). Site includes 1998 population figures for all Cercles and Communes, and administrative structure as of 2001. Cartographie des infrastructures communales du Mali and Prévisions de desserte des communes pour la période de 2001-2005.
• Regions, Cercles and Places in Mali, African Development Information Services Database. Contains listing of Arrondissements under each Cercle page, as well as some Communes and places of interest in each Cercle.

Colonial usage

• Benton, Lauren: Colonial Law and Cultural Difference: Jurisdictional Politics and the Formation of the Colonial State in Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 41, No. 3 (Jul., 1999)
• Crowder, Michael: West Africa Under Colonial Rule Northwestern Univ. Press (1968) ASIN: B000NUU584
• Crowder, Michael: Indirect Rule: French and British Style Africa: Journal of the International African Institute, Vol. 34, No. 3 (Jul., 1964)
• Mortimer, Edward France and the Africans, 1944–1960, A Political History (1970)
• Jean Suret-Canele. French Colonialism in Tropical Africa 1900-1945. Trans. Pica Press (1971)