Oppido Mamertina

Oppido Mamertina
—  Comune  —
Comune di Oppido Mamertina
Coat of arms
Oppido Mamertina Location of Oppido Mamertina in Italy
Coordinates: 38°18′N 15°59′E / 38.3°N 15.983°E / 38.3; 15.983Coordinates: 38°18′N 15°59′E / 38.3°N 15.983°E / 38.3; 15.983
Country	Italy
Region	Calabria
Province	Reggio Calabria (RC)
Frazioni	Castellace, Messignadi, Piminoro, Tresilico
Government
- Mayor	Bruno Barillaro
Area
- Total	58 km2 (22.4 sq mi)
Elevation	342 m (1,122 ft)
Population (December 2007)[1]
- Total	5,484
- Density	94.6/km2 (244.9/sq mi)
Demonym	Oppidesi
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
- Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code	89014
Dialing code	0966
Patron saint	Annunciation
Saint day	25 March
Website	Official website

Oppido Mamertina (Greek-Calabrian dialect: Oppidù, Ofidus) is a town and comune of the province of Reggio Calabria in Calabria in southern Italy at about 62 kilometres northeast of Reggio Calabria and about 120 kilometres southwest of Catanzaro.

It is the seat of the Diocese of Oppido Mamertina.

The municipality includes the following boroughs (frazioni): Castellace, Messignadi, Piminoro, and Tresilico.

History

The ancient history of the town is largely unknown, but archeological excavations in Mella might point its origins to the mythical Mamerto (3rd century BC – 1st century AD).^[2] The first mention of the town (Oppidium in Latin, meaning citadel) is 1040, during the Byzantine Era.^[2]

The town is famous for its prolonged resistance before falling to Roger the Norman in 1056.^[2]

On February 5, 1783 an earthquake completely destroyed the town killing 1,198 people.^[3] The town was rebuilt near the neighbouring village Tresilico (incorporated in the municipality in 1927). Other earthquakes hit the town in 1894 and on December 28, 1908, which destroyed the neighbouring township Castellace.^[2]

Economy

The economy is based on agriculture, in particular olive groves and the production of olive oil, as well citrus orchards in the plain. Forestry and sheep husbandry are also sources of income.^[2]

Crime

The town is home to the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. Several powerful criminal clans originate from the town, such as the Mammoliti-Rugolo.^[4]

Demographic evolution

The population halved during the last century. Many inhabitants moved to the industrial centres in northern Italy or joined the Italian diaspora to escape the extreme poverty.^[2]

Notable people

• Saverio Mammoliti (born 1942), 'Ndrangheta boss
• Candido Zerbi (1827–1889), politician and senator

References

1. ^ All demographics and other statistics from the Italian statistical institute (Istat)
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Oppido Mamertina: Tour in City
3. ^ Faulting and earthquake triggering during the 1783 Calabria seismic sequence, Jacques E., Monaco C., Tapponnier P., Tortorici L. & Winter T., Geophysical Journal International, Volume 147, Number 3, 2002, pp.499-516
4. ^ Woman of honour, The Independent, February 25, 1996

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed (1913). "Oppido Mamertina". Catholic Encyclopedia. Robert Appleton Company.