- Monk's spade
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Monk's SpadeA monk's spade (Traditional Chinese: 月牙鏟; Simplified Chinese: 月牙铲; pinyin: yuèyáchǎn; literally "Crescent Moon Spade"; also, Traditional Chinese: 禪仗; Simplified Chinese: 禅仗; pinyin: chánzhàng; literally, "Zen Weapon". Romanized Japanese: getsugasan, Hiragana: げつがさん), also called a Shaolin Spade, is a Chinese pole weapon consisting of a long pole with a flat spade-like blade on one end and a smaller crescent shaped blade on the other. In old China, Buddhist monks often carried spades (shovels) with them when travelling. This served two purposes: if they came upon a corpse on the road, they could properly bury it with Buddhist rites, and the large implement could serve as a weapon for defence against bandits. Over time, they were stylised into the monk's spade weapon.
Popular culture
It is most famous for being the weapon of Sha Wujing, the "Sand Monk" from the 16th-century classic Chinese novel Journey to the West, as well as that of Lu Zhishen in Water Margin, but the weapon is also historically associated with the Shaolin monks and features in the martial arts wushu, gongfu, and Shaolin kung fu. It has been widely used in kung fu cinema (notably by Lau Kar-Fai in The 36th Chamber of Shaolin), and is used by the Shaolin priest in the online game Dragon Fist II and by Abbot Song in Jade Empire.
The character Sha Gojyo in the Japanese manga and anime series Saiyuki wields a modified form of this weapon with great skill and dexterity.
The monk's spade (under the name "Shaolin spade") was listed in Max Brooks' Zombie Survival Guide as a highly effective hand-to-hand anti-zombie weapon, as it can decapitate a rotting corpse with ease and its length allows users to engage opponents both from a distance and with both sides of the spade. A character in Brooks' follow-up novel World War Z makes use of this weapon to great effect despite the character's age and blindness.
In the movie Big Trouble in Little China, many guests at Lo Pan's wedding are seen carrying the weapon.
In the duel between Shulien (Michelle Yeoh) and Jen Yu (Zhang Ziyi) in the movie Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, Shulien picks up a Monk's Spade, intending to use it, but gives up due to its unwieldy weight, and chooses instead a number of other weapons to use in turn. (The other weapons are the single-edged sword or Dao; the spear or Qiang; the hook swords or Shuang Gou; the staff or Gùn; and the double-edged straight sword or Jian.)
In the video game, Jade Empire Limited Edition, a monk's spade is usable under the name "Tien's Vengeance."
References
- Holmes Welch, The Practice of Chinese Buddhism 1900—1950, Harvard University Press, 1973
Types of Chinese weapons Short Swords Long Swords Polearms Roped/Chained Liuxing Chui (Meteor Hammer) 流星錘 · Sheng Biao (Rope Dart) 繩鏢 · Jiujie bian (nine section whip) 九節鞭 · Sanjie Gun 三節棍 · Shuangjie Gun 雙節棍Projectile Handheld Chui 錘 · Emeici 峨嵋刺 · Lujiao Dao (Deer Horn Knives) 鹿角刀 · Hook Sword 鉤 · Ji Lian 鷄鐮 · Fenghuo Lun 風火輪
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