Cithaeronidae

Cithaeronidae
Cithaeronidae
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Suborder: Araneomorphae
Superfamily: Gnaphosoidea
Family: Cithaeronidae
Simon, 1893
Genera

see text

Diversity
2 genera, 6 species

The Cithaeronidae are a small spider family with only six species in two genera.

Contents

Biology

Cithaeronidae are fast moving spiders which actively hunt at night and rest during the day in silken retreats they construct below rocks.[1]. Female Cithaeron are about 5 to 7 mm long, males about 4 mm. They are pale yellowish, and have a preference for very hot, dry stony places.[2]

Distribution

While Inthaeron occurs only in India, members of the genus Cithaeron can be found in Africa, India and parts of Eurasia. Three adult females of C. praedonius were found in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. As they were found in and near human housings, they presumably were accidentally introduced.[1] This is probably also the case for finds in the Northern Territory of Australia.

Species

Cithaeron O. P-Cambridge, 1872

  • Cithaeron delimbatus Strand, 1906East Africa
  • Cithaeron indicus Platnick & Gajbe, 1994 — India
  • Cithaeron jocqueorum Platnick, 1991 — Ivory Coast
  • Cithaeron praedonius O. P.-Cambridge, 1872Greece, Libya to Malaysia, Australia and Brazil
  • Cithaeron reimoseri Platnick, 1991Ethiopia

Inthaeron Platnick, 1991

  • Inthaeron rossi Platnick, 1991 — India

Notes

  1. ^ a b Carvalho et al. 2007
  2. ^ Murphy & Murphy 2000: 134

References

  • Murphy, Frances & Murphy, John (2000): An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.
  • Platnick, N.I. (2002): A revision of the Australasian ground spiders of the families Ammoxenidae, Cithaeronidae, Gallieniellidae, and Trochanteriidae (Araneae, Gnaphosoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 271. PDF (26Mb)Abstract
  • Carvalho, L.S.; Bonaldo, A.B. & Brescovit, A.D. (2007): The first record of the family Cithaeronidae (Araneae, Gnaphosoidea) to the new world. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 24(2): 512–514. PDF (124kb)
  • Platnick, Norman I. (2009): The world spider catalog, version 10.0. American Museum of Natural History.

External links


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