- Beary bashe
The dialect of
Malayalam spoken by theMuslim community ofDakshina Kannada ,Udupi districts ofKarnataka and some pockets such asUppala andManjeshwaram ofKasaragod Taluk inKerala , calledBeary (Byaris), is known as Beary Bashe. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- ix . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] While Muslims of Uttara Kannada, calledNawayath s, speak a dialect of Konkani andMappila s of Kerala speakMalayalam (Mappila Malayalam ), Bearys spoke a language made of Malayalam idioms with Tulu phonology and grammar. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- ix . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] This dialect was traditionally known as Mappila Malayalam because of Bearys close contact with Mappilas. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- ix . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] Due to vast influence ofTulu for centuries, it is today considered as a language, close to both Malayalam and Tulu. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- ix . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973]Features
Being a distant cousin of other dialects of Malayalam and surrounded by other linguistic groups for centuries,mainly Tulu and
Kannada , one can see ancient features as well as modern innovations not seen in other well known dialects of Malayalam. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 63 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] Surrounded by Tulu speaking community, the impact of Tulu on the phonological, morphological and syntactical structure of the dialect is evident. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 64 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973]Distinction of "ḻ", "ṇ", "ṟ"
Sounds peculiar to Malayalam such as 'ḻ', 'ṇ', 'ṟ' are not found in this dialect. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 65 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] Even 'ḷ' and 'ṇ' are merged with l and n respectively. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 65 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] The sound 'ṟ' is merged with r and tt, 'tt' to t. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 66 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] This is same as case in Tulu. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 66 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973]
Distinction of ‘n’ and ‘m’
The word final ‘n’ and ‘m’ of standard Malayalam are dropped in Beary bashe. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 66 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973]
Degeminated Consonants
Geminated consonants occurring after a long vowel and also after a second short vowel of a word in standard Malayalam get degeminated in Beary bashe. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 67 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973]
Lexical Relations
Almost all lexical items in Beary bashe can be related to corresponding lexical items in Malayalam, Tulu or Perso-Arabic origin. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 79 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] However, some equivalents can only be found in
Mappila dialects of Malayalam in Kerala. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 79 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973]Personal Terminations/Suffixes
Verbs in primitive
Dravidian languages did not have any personal terminations. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 68 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] Personal terminations of verbs observed in modern Dravidian languages are later innovations. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 68 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] Malayalam is the only Dravidian language that does not show any personal terminations or suffixes to the verbs. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 68 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] Thus Malayalam verbs represents the primitive stage of Dravidian verbs. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 68 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] The personal terminations found in Beary bashe can be the case of an innovation which was borrowed fromTulu . [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 68 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] Even Mappila Malayalam dialect of Malayalam does not show any personal terminations or suffixes to verbs. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 68 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] Personal suffixes found in Beary bashe closely resemble that of Tulu. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 68 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973] But in formation of past tense, the dialect agrees with the standard Malayalam in shape as well as the distribution of allomorphs in the suffix. [Upadhyaya, U. Padmanabha. Coastal Karnataka: Studies in Folkloristic and Linguistic Traditions of Dakshina Kannada Region of the Western Coast of India. Udupi: Rashtrakavi Govind Pai Samshodhana Kendra, 1996.P- 68 . ISBN 81-86668-06-3 .First All India Conference of Dravidian Linguistics, Thiruvananthapuram, 1973]ee also
*
Beary
*Mappila Malayalam
*Malayalam
*Tulu
*Kannada
*Mappila
*Nawayath References
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