Feinberg School of Medicine

Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Established	1859
Type	Private
Endowment	US$1.2 Billion
Dean	Eric G. Neilson [1]
Academic staff	3,804
Students	696
Location	Chicago, Illinois, USA 41°53′47″N 87°37′09″W / 41.8963°N 87.6193°W / 41.8963; -87.6193Coordinates: 41°53′47″N 87°37′09″W / 41.8963°N 87.6193°W / 41.8963; -87.6193
Campus	Urban

The Feinberg School of Medicine is one of Northwestern University's 11 schools and colleges. It is a leading, research-intensive American medical school located in the Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois, situated near Lake Michigan and the Magnificent Mile.

History

Originally founded as the medical department of Lind University in 1859 and renamed the Chicago Medical College in 1863, the school affiliated with Northwestern University in 1870. In 1891, the name was changed to Northwestern University Medical School. It had occupied buildings on the near south side of Chicago from 1870 until the Ward Building was constructed downtown.

Northwestern University Medical School was renamed the Feinberg School of Medicine in 2002, reflecting a $75 million donation from the Joseph and Bessie Feinberg Foundation. Reuben Feinberg started to donate to the university after being hospitalized at Northwestern Memorial Hospital for a heart attack. The first donation, in 1988, was for $17 million to establish the Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute. A $10 million donation was subsequently sent in 1996 to establish the Frances Evelyn Feinberg Clinical Neurosciences Institute.

The Ward Building at the Feinberg School of Medicine

Northwestern also had another medical school at one time. This began independently as the Women's Hospital Medical College in 1871. It later changed its name to the Chicago Women's Medical College and after becoming part of Northwestern University was Northwestern University Women's Medical School.^[2]

Education

The Feinberg School of Medicine is part of the McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University, one of the nation's leading academic medical centers focused on research, education and clinical services. Other McGaw members include Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center (formerly VA Chicago Health Care System). Medical students and residents receive their clinical training at these hospitals, and nearly all the attending staff members have faculty appointments at the Feinberg School of Medicine.

The medical school's primary teaching hospital is Northwestern Memorial Hospital, a 2,200,000-square-foot (200,000 m²) modern hospital that was completed in 1999. The Feinberg Pavilion, the inpatient tower, partially reflects a $10 million donation from Feinberg. Prior to this $600 million addition to the Chicago skyline, the teaching hospitals were built in 1865. Films such as While You Were Sleeping were shot in the old Northwestern hospitals; the old, pictureless ID badges of Northwestern Memorial are clearly visible in the film.

The Feinberg School of Medicine is home to nearly 700 students. The class of students graduating in 2009 were the 150th graduating class. Some students matriculate from the Honors Program in Medical Education (HPME), a seven-year combined undergraduate and medical school program.

The Honors Program in Medical Education is geared toward high school seniors who have a strong desire to go into medicine. Typically, out of over 5,000 yearly applications, around 150-200 students are invited for an interview, and ultimately 15-40 students are granted admission. To reflect the diversity of undergraduate studies, three tracks are offered: one through the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, another through the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and the final one through the School of Communication.^[3] Three years are spent at the undergraduate campus of Northwestern University before matriculating to the medical school.

In 1990, the Integrated Graduate Program (IGP) was established as an umbrella program for PhDs in both the basic science and clinical departments at the Feinberg School of Medicine. The program was created to provide interdisciplinary training in modern biomedical sciences. Students may choose to study within a variety of specializations such as cancer biology, pathology and neurobiology.

Prosthetics and Orthotics

The Feinberg School of Medicine also offers a post graduate certification program in both prosthetics and orthotics.^[4] Northwestern University Prosthetics-Orthotics Center (NUPOC) was established in 1958 and is the oldest and largest in the northern hemisphere and is composed of both educational and research programs. Faculty, staff, and students often collaborate with the nearby Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago. The programs consist of didactic, laboratory instruction, and work with patient models in the following disciplines: anatomy, kinesiology, pathology, normal and pathological gait, biomechanics, material science, evaluation, measurement, impression procedures, components, alignment, fitting, and fabrication. It is accredited by the National Commission on Orthotics and Prosthetics Education (NCOPE).^[5].

Curriculum

The first two years of the medical school curriculum is based on an organ-system approach; instead of taking traditional classes such as pharmacology or biochemistry, the students learn by an organ system, such as the gastrointestinal system, which includes relevant classes in anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, biochemistry and histology. The latter two years are structured like that of most U.S. medical schools. The third year consists of rotations through Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Surgery and Primary Care, as well as shorter rotations through specialty clinics such as Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology, Anesthesiology and Urology. The fourth year typically is composed of rotations in Emergency Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, a subinternship in Internal Medicine or Pediatrics, and various electives.

Feinberg also offers dual degree programs, which combine the Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree with a Master of Public Health (MPH) or a Master of Arts in Medical Humanities and Bioethics. Students electing to pursue the additional degrees enroll in evening classes and graduate with both degrees after four years.

Rankings

The Feinberg School consistently ranks among the nation's top medical schools, and is currently ranked 18th among American medical research schools by U.S.News & World Report. In addition, the school is nationally ranked 13th among residency directors and 12th in student selectivity, reflecting an admissions acceptance rate of 6.5 percent of applicants.

Recent Growth

Northwestern University has a long-standing reputation for excellence in medical education, with a significant number of graduates holding leadership positions in academic medicine throughout the United States. Recent changes have further improved the caliber of biomedical research and clinical training at the Feinberg School of Medicine, as research space has grown 88 percent and education space 67 percent since 2000. The number of full-time faculty has also grown to over 1500, reflecting a 20 percent increase since 2000. The medical school's endowment topped $1 billion in 2005.

Notable alumni

• Daniel Hale Williams, Class of 1883: Performed the first successful American open heart surgery; the only black charter member of the American College of Surgeons
• Charles Horace Mayo, Class of 1888: Founder of Mayo Clinic
• Robert F. Furchgott, Class of 1940: 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of EDRF
• Cheddi Jagan, Class of 1946: President of Guyana from 1992–1997
• Ralph S. Paffenbarger, Class of 1947: Considered the father of the modern fitness movement
• John A. D. Cooper, Class of 1951: First president of the Association of American Medical Colleges and historic leader in medical education
• Thomas E. Starzl, Class of 1952: Performed the first successful liver transplant in 1967
• Alan R. Nelson, Class of 1958: President of the American Medical Association (1989–90) and the World Medical Association (1991–92)
• Sandra F. Olson, Class of 1963, GME 1969: National leader for women in medicine, first woman president of American Academy of Neurology, the Illinois State Medical Society, the Chicago Medical Society, and the Chicago Neurological Society
• Debi Thomas, Class of 1997: 1988 Olympic Figure Skating Bronze Medalist and orthopedic surgeon
• Kermit E. Krantz, Class of 1948: Distinguished University Professor of Medicine University of Kansas. Among others, developed the Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz (MMK) and invented the expandable tampon. Namesake of the Arey/Krantz Museum of Anatomy at the Feinberg School of Medicine.

References

1. ^ http://www.feinberg.northwestern.edu/dean/
2. ^ Chicago History Encyclopedia article on Medical Education
3. ^ Flair MD. Honors program in medical education at Northwestern University. J Med Educ. 1969 Dec;44(12):1127-31.
4. ^ http://www.nupoc.northwestern.edu/education/blp_certificate
5. ^ http://www.nupoc.northwestern.edu/aboutus/index.html

External links

• Feinberg School of Medicine
• Northwestern Memorial Hospital
• Integrated Graduate Program
• Northwestern Medical Faculty Foundation