Ceratophrys

Ceratophrys
Ceratophrys cranwelli
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Suborder:	Neobatrachia
Family:	Leptodactylidae
Subfamily:	Ceratophryinae
Genus:	Ceratophrys Wied-Neuwied, 1824
Species
Ceratophrys aurita Ceratophrys calcarata Ceratophrys cornuta (Surinam horned frog) Ceratophrys cranwelli (Cranwell's horned frog) Ceratophrys joazeirensis Ceratophrys ornata (Argentine horned frog) Ceratophrys stolzmanni Ceratophrys testudo

Ceratophrys is a genus of frogs in the family Leptodactylidae, subfamily Ceratophryinae. They are also known as South American horned frogs as well as Pacman frogs due to their characteristically large mouth and abdomen, thus resembling the video game character Pac-Man.^{[1][dead link]}

Gender differentiation

The female will not "chirp", or "croak", whereas a male specimen of the same species will. Males frequently have spotted chests. Males will also sometimes have subtle pads on their front legs during mating season.

Care in captivity

In captivity, these frogs can live in a 10 gallon aquarium for their entire lives. They thrive best with shallow water, loose substrate (like coconut husk fiber), and hiding places. They will commonly cover themselves with substrate or just sit contentedly in the water. These frogs should be misted daily to ensure proper humidity. Temperatures should be maintained between 75° and 80° Fahrenheit (24° to 27° Celsius) during the day, dropping a few degrees at night. They can be fed crickets, earthworms, silkworms, phoenix worms, butterworms, and occasionally guppies, mice, and waxworms. Mealworms and superworms should not be fed to them, due to their hard chitinous shell.

Lifespan

The average lifespan of a Ceratophrys frog in the wild varies between 1 and 4 years, though in captivity and as pets, depending on diet, they may live 6 to 10 years and even longer.

Diet

They are voracious eaters, often eating insects, small mammals (such as mice), fish, other frogs, and small reptiles. A fully grown female Argentine Horned Frog (females are generally larger than males) can easily eat a grown rat.

These frogs are also known to be cannibalistic ^[2], and have been known to eat their mates, even if they are larger than they are. It is advisable to isolate multiple frogs.

Although these frogs can swallow animals almost half their size, they sometimes attempt to eat things larger than they are. A row of sharp bony projections in their upper jaw makes it nearly impossible for them to release prey after taking it in their mouth, in some cases leading to death by choking.

Example Photographs

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  Ceratophrys ornata
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  A Fantasy-coloured Pacman frog
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  A young Pacman frog
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  This Albino pacman frog is six months old
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  Ceratophrys cornuta
  skeleton
• 

  Ceratophrys cornuta
  skeleton

References

1. ^ "Monster frog fossils found in Madagascar related to South American horned frogs". Associated Press. 2008-02-18. http://www.kansascity.com/news/nation/story/495353.html. 
2. ^ "Does the Fantasy Horned Frog make a good pet?". RightPet. http://www.rightpet.com/AmphibianDetail/fantasy-horned-frog.